1 Gabatarwa
Kasar Sin ta shafe fiye da shekaru 20 tana tallata turmi mai gauraya. Musamman a shekarun baya-bayan nan, sassan gwamnatin kasa da abin ya shafa sun ba da muhimmanci ga samar da turmi mai gauraya tare da fitar da manufofi masu karfafa gwiwa. A halin yanzu, akwai larduna da kananan hukumomi sama da 10 a kasar da suka yi amfani da turmi mai gauraya. Fiye da 60%, akwai fiye da 800 shirye-hadarin turmi Enterprises sama da talakawa sikelin, tare da shekara-shekara zane damar 274 ton miliyan. A cikin 2021, yawan samar da turmi na yau da kullun na yau da kullun shine tan miliyan 62.02.
A lokacin aikin ginin, turmi yakan rasa ruwa mai yawa kuma ba ya da isasshen lokaci da ruwa don yin ruwa, yana haifar da rashin ƙarfi da fashewar man siminti bayan taurin. Cellulose ether shine cakudawar polymer na gama gari a cikin busasshen turmi mai gauraya. Yana da ayyuka na riƙe ruwa, kauri, jinkirtawa da shigar da iska, kuma yana iya inganta aikin turmi sosai.
Don yin turmi ya dace da bukatun sufuri da kuma magance matsalolin raguwa da ƙananan ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, yana da mahimmanci don ƙara cellulose ether zuwa turmi. Wannan labarin a taƙaice yana gabatar da halaye na ether cellulose da tasirinsa akan aikin kayan aikin siminti, yana fatan taimakawa wajen magance matsalolin fasaha masu alaƙa na turmi da aka shirya.
2 Gabatarwa zuwa ether cellulose
Cellulose ether (cellulose ether) an yi shi daga cellulose ta hanyar etherification dauki daya ko fiye etherification jamiái da bushe nika.
2.1 Rarraba ethers cellulose
Bisa ga tsarin sinadarai na masu maye gurbin ether, ana iya raba ethers cellulose zuwa anionic, cationic da nonionic ethers. Ionic cellulose ethers yafi hada da carboxymethyl cellulose ether (CMC); wadanda ba ionic cellulose ethers yafi hada da methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) da hydroxyethyl fiber Ether (HC) da sauransu. An raba ethers marasa ionic zuwa ethers masu narkewa da ruwa da kuma ethers mai narkewa. Ana amfani da ethers marasa narkewar ruwa marasa ionic a samfuran turmi. A gaban ions calcium, ionic cellulose ethers ba su da ƙarfi, don haka da wuya a yi amfani da su a cikin busassun kayan turmi masu amfani da sumunti, lemun tsami, da dai sauransu a matsayin kayan siminti. Ana amfani da ethers na cellulose maras-ionic ruwa mai narkewa a cikin masana'antar kayan gini saboda dakatarwar su da tasirin ruwa.
A cewar daban-daban etherification jamiái zaba a cikin etherification tsari, cellulose ether kayayyakin sun hada da methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, Ethyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl, benzyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl, benzyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose. phenyl cellulose.
Cellulose ethers da ake amfani da su a turmi yawanci sun haɗa da methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) da kuma hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HEMC) Daga cikinsu, HPMC da HEMC sune mafi yawan amfani da su.
2.2 Abubuwan sinadarai na ether cellulose
Kowane ether cellulose yana da ainihin tsarin tsarin cellulose-anhydroglucose. A cikin aiwatar da samar da ether cellulose, za a fara zafi da fiber cellulose a cikin wani bayani na alkaline sannan kuma a bi da shi tare da wakili mai lalata. Samfurin amsa fibrous yana tsarkakewa kuma yana ƙasa don samar da foda iri ɗaya tare da ɗanɗano.
A cikin samar da MC, kawai methyl chloride ana amfani dashi azaman wakili na etherifying; baya ga methyl chloride, ana kuma amfani da propylene oxide don samun abubuwan maye gurbin hydroxypropyl a cikin samar da HPMC. Daban-daban ethers cellulose suna da daban-daban na methyl da hydroxypropyl maye rates, wanda rinjayar da kwayoyin karfinsu da thermal gel zafin jiki na cellulose ether bayani.
2.3 Halayen rushewar ether cellulose
Halayen rushewar ether cellulose suna da tasiri mai yawa akan aikin simintin siminti. Ana iya amfani da ether na cellulose don inganta haɗin kai da kuma riƙe ruwa na turmi siminti, amma wannan ya dogara ne akan ether cellulose ya zama cikakke kuma cikakke a cikin ruwa. Babban abubuwan da ke shafar rushewar ether cellulose shine lokacin rushewa, saurin motsawa da foda.
2.4 Matsayin nutsewa cikin turmi siminti
A matsayin mahimmancin ƙari na ciminti slurry, Destroy yana da tasirinsa a cikin waɗannan abubuwan.
(1) Inganta iya aiki na turmi da kuma ƙara danko na turmi.
Haɗa jet ɗin harshen wuta na iya hana turmi rabuwa da samun rigar rigar filastik. Misali, rumfunan da suka hada da HEMC, HPMC, da sauransu, sun dace da turmi mai sirara da filasta. , Ƙimar ƙarfi, zafin jiki, ƙaddamar da ƙaddamarwa da ƙaddamarwar gishiri.
(2) Yana da tasirin hana iska.
Saboda ƙazanta, ƙaddamar da ƙungiyoyi a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta yana rage ƙarfin makamashi na ɓangarorin, kuma yana da sauƙi don gabatar da barga, uniform da lafiya a cikin turmi gauraye tare da shimfidar wuri a cikin tsari. "Ƙaƙwalwar ƙwallon ƙafa" yana inganta aikin ginin turmi, yana rage danshi na turmi kuma yana rage yawan zafin jiki na turmi. Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa lokacin da aka haɗa adadin HEMC da HPMC ya kasance 0.5%, abun da ke cikin turmi shine mafi girma, kusan 55%; lokacin da adadin haɗuwa ya fi 0.5%, abun ciki na turmi a hankali yana tasowa zuwa yanayin abun ciki na gas yayin da adadin ya karu.
(3) Rike shi ba canzawa.
Kakin zuma na iya narkar da shi, ya shafa mai kuma ya motsa a cikin turmi, kuma ya sauƙaƙa santsi na bakin bakin turmi da foda. Ba ya buƙatar a jika a gaba. Bayan gina, siminti kayan kuma iya samun dogon lokaci na ci gaba da hydration a bakin tekun don inganta adhesion tsakanin turmi da substrate.
Abubuwan gyare-gyaren ether na cellulose akan sabbin kayan tushen siminti sun haɗa da kauri, riƙe ruwa, shigar da iska da jinkirtawa. Tare da yaɗuwar amfani da ethers na cellulose a cikin kayan tushen siminti, hulɗar tsakanin ethers cellulose da slurry siminti yana zama a hankali wurin bincike.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-16-2021