1.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)wani muhimmin ether cellulose ne, ana amfani da shi sosai a gine-gine, magunguna, abinci, kayan shafawa da sauran fannoni. HPMC yana da kauri mai kyau, ƙirƙirar fim, emulsifying, dakatarwa da kaddarorin riƙe ruwa, don haka yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a masana'antu da yawa. Samar da HPMC ya dogara ne akan hanyoyin gyare-gyaren sinadarai. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da ci gaban fasahar kere-kere, hanyoyin samarwa da suka dogara da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta sun fara jawo hankali.
2. Fermentation samar da manufa na HPMC
Tsarin samar da HPMC na gargajiya yana amfani da cellulose na halitta azaman albarkatun ƙasa kuma ana samarwa ta hanyoyin sinadarai kamar alkalization, etherification da tacewa. Duk da haka, wannan tsari ya ƙunshi babban adadin kaushi na kwayoyin halitta da kuma sinadaran reagents, wanda yana da babban tasiri a kan yanayi. Sabili da haka, yin amfani da fermentation na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta don haɗawa da cellulose da kuma kara daɗaɗɗa shi ya zama hanyar samar da yanayi mai ɗorewa kuma mai dorewa.
Haɗin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na cellulose (BC) ya kasance batu mai zafi a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. Kwayoyin da suka hada da Komagataeibacter (kamar Komagataeibacter xylinus) da Gluconacetobacter na iya haɗa cellulose mai tsafta kai tsaye ta hanyar fermentation. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta suna amfani da glucose, glycerol ko wasu hanyoyin carbon a matsayin abubuwan da ake amfani da su, ferment a ƙarƙashin yanayin da suka dace, kuma suna ɓoye nanofibers na cellulose. Sakamakon cellulose na kwayan cuta za a iya canza shi zuwa HPMC bayan gyaran hydroxypropyl da methylation.
3. Tsarin samarwa
3.1 Tsarin fermentation na cellulose na kwayan cuta
Ingantaccen tsari na fermentation yana da mahimmanci don inganta yawan amfanin ƙasa da ingancin cellulose na kwayan cuta. Babban matakan sune kamar haka:
Nuna maƙarƙashiya da noma: Zaɓi nau'ikan cellulose mai girma, kamar Komagataeibacter xylinus, don haɓaka cikin gida da haɓakawa.
Matsakaicin fermentation: Samar da tushen carbon (glucose, sucrose, xylose), tushen nitrogen (hasken yisti, peptone), salts inorganic (phosphates, salts magnesium, da sauransu) da masu sarrafawa (acetic acid, citric acid) don haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta da haɓakar cellulose.
Haɗin yanayin yanayin fermentation: gami da zazzabi (28-30 ℃), pH (4.5-6.0), matakin oxygen narkar da (tuntsi ko al'adar tsaye), da sauransu.
Tattara da tsarkakewa: Bayan haifuwa, ana tattara kwayar cutar cellulose ta hanyar tacewa, wankewa, bushewa da sauran matakai, ana cire ragowar kwayoyin cutar da sauran datti.
3.2 Hydroxypropyl methylation gyara na cellulose
Selulose na kwayan cuta da aka samu yana buƙatar gyara ta hanyar sinadarai don ba shi halayen HPMC. Babban matakan sune kamar haka:
Maganin Alkalinization: jiƙa a cikin adadin da ya dace na maganin NaOH don faɗaɗa sarkar cellulose da inganta aikin amsawar etherification na gaba.
Etherification dauki: karkashin takamaiman zafin jiki da catalytic yanayi, ƙara propylene oxide (hydroxypropylation) da methyl chloride (methylation) maye gurbin cellulose hydroxyl kungiyar kafa HPMC.
Neutralization da tacewa: neutralize da acid bayan da dauki don cire unreacted sinadaran reagents, da samun karshe samfurin ta wanke, tacewa da bushewa.
Crushing da grading: murkushe HPMC cikin ɓangarorin da suka dace da ƙayyadaddun bayanai, sannan a duba ku haɗa su gwargwadon ma'auni daban-daban.
4. Maɓalli na fasaha da dabarun ingantawa
Haɓaka maƙarƙashiya: haɓaka yawan amfanin cellulose da inganci ta hanyar injiniyan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta.
Haɓaka tsari na fermentation: yi amfani da bioreactors don sarrafawa mai ƙarfi don haɓaka haɓakar samar da cellulose.
Green etherification tsari: rage amfani da kwayoyin kaushi da inganta more muhalli etherification fasahar, kamar enzyme catalytic gyara.
Ikon ingancin samfur: ta hanyar nazarin digirin maye gurbin, solubility, danko da sauran alamun HPMC, tabbatar da cewa ya cika buƙatun aikace-aikacen.
A fermentation tushenHPMCHanyar samarwa tana da fa'idodin kasancewa mai sabuntawa, abokantaka da muhalli da inganci, wanda ya dace da yanayin koren sunadarai da ci gaba mai dorewa. Tare da ci gaban kimiyyar halittu, ana sa ran wannan fasaha za ta maye gurbin hanyoyin sinadarai na gargajiya a hankali tare da haɓaka aikace-aikacen HPMC mai fa'ida a fannonin gine-gine, abinci, magunguna, da sauransu.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-11-2025