A cikin gwaji da yawan samar da allunan nifedipine da aka saki, allunan rigakafin hana haihuwa, allunan ciki, allunan fumarate na ferrous, allunan buflomedil hydrochloride, da sauransu, muna amfani da su.hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)ruwa, Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose da polyacrylic acid guduro ruwa, Opadry (bayar da Colorcon, UK), da dai sauransu su ne fim shafi taya, wanda ya yi nasarar amfani da fim shafi fasahar, amma sun fuskanci matsaloli a gwaji samarwa da kuma samar. Bayan wasu matsalolin fasaha, yanzu muna sadarwa tare da abokan aiki game da matsalolin gama gari da mafita a cikin tsarin suturar fim.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an yi amfani da fasahar suturar fim a ko'ina cikin shirye-shirye masu ƙarfi. Rufin fim ɗin zai iya kare miyagun ƙwayoyi daga haske, danshi da iska don ƙara kwanciyar hankali na miyagun ƙwayoyi; rufe mummunan dandano na miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma sauƙaƙe mai haƙuri don ɗaukar shi; sarrafa wurin saki da saurin sakin miyagun ƙwayoyi; hana canjin daidaituwa na miyagun ƙwayoyi; inganta bayyanar kwamfutar hannu Jira. Hakanan yana da fa'idodin ƙarancin matakai, ɗan gajeren lokaci, ƙarancin amfani da kuzari, da ƙarancin riba mai nauyi na kwamfutar hannu. The ingancin fim-rufi Allunan, yafi dogara a kan abun da ke ciki da kuma ingancin kwamfutar hannu core, da takardar sayen magani na shafi ruwa, da shafi aiki yanayi, da marufi da kuma ajiya yanayi, da dai sauransu A abun da ke ciki da kuma ingancin kwamfutar hannu core ne yafi nuna. a cikin sinadarai masu aiki na ainihin kwamfutar hannu, abubuwan haɓaka daban-daban da kamanni, taurin, gatsewa, da siffar kwamfutar hannu na ainihin kwamfutar hannu. Ƙirƙirar ruwa mai laushi yakan ƙunshi manyan polymers na kwayoyin halitta, masu filastik, dyes, kaushi, da dai sauransu, kuma yanayin aiki na rufi shine ma'auni mai ƙarfi na spraying da bushewa da kayan aikin sutura.
1.One-gefe abrasion, fim gefen fatattaka da peeling
Taurin saman saman kwamfutar hannu shine mafi ƙanƙanta, kuma ana iya jujjuya shi da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi da damuwa yayin aikin shafa, kuma foda mai gefe ɗaya ko barbashi sun faɗi, wanda ke haifar da alamun alatu ko pores akan farfajiyar. da kwamfutar hannu core, wanda shi ne daya-gefe lalacewa, musamman tare da kwarzana Marked fim. Mafi raunin ɓangaren fim ɗin a cikin kwamfutar hannu mai rufin fim shine kusurwoyi. Lokacin da mannewa ko ƙarfin fim ɗin bai isa ba, ana iya fashewa da bawon gefuna na fim ɗin. Wannan shi ne saboda rashin daidaituwa na sauran ƙarfi yana sa fim ɗin ya ragu, kuma yawan fadada fim ɗin da aka rufe da ainihin yana ƙara yawan damuwa na ciki na fim ɗin, wanda ya wuce ƙarfin ƙarfin fim ɗin.
1.1 Binciken manyan dalilai
Dangane da guntuwar guntu, babban dalilin shi ne cewa ingancin guntuwar ba ta da kyau, kuma taurin kai da gaɓoɓin ƙanana ne. A yayin aiwatar da sutura, ƙwayar kwamfutar hannu tana fuskantar ƙaƙƙarfan juzu'i lokacin mirgina a cikin kwanon rufi, kuma yana da wahala a jure irin wannan ƙarfin ba tare da isasshen ƙarfi ba, wanda ke da alaƙa da tsari da hanyar shirye-shiryen kwamfutar hannu. Lokacin da muka kunshin nifedipine ci gaba da sakin allunan, saboda ƙananan taurin kwamfutar hannu, foda ya bayyana a gefe ɗaya, wanda ya haifar da pores, kuma fim ɗin kwamfutar da aka rufe da fim ba shi da santsi kuma yana da mummunan bayyanar. Bugu da ƙari, wannan lahani na shafi kuma yana da alaƙa da nau'in kwamfutar hannu. Idan fim ɗin ba shi da daɗi, musamman idan fim ɗin yana da tambari a kan rawanin, ya fi dacewa da lalacewa ta gefe ɗaya.
A cikin aikin rufewa, jinkirin saurin fesa da babban shan iska ko yawan zafin jiki na iska zai haifar da saurin bushewa, jinkirin samuwar fim ɗin kayan kwalliyar kwamfutar hannu, dogon lokacin ɗorawa na kwatancen kwamfutar hannu a cikin kwanon rufi, da lokacin lalacewa. Abu na biyu, atomization matsa lamba ne babba, danko na shafi ruwa ne low, droplets a cikin atomization cibiyar an mayar da hankali, da kuma sauran ƙarfi volatilizes bayan droplets yada, haifar da wani babban ciki danniya; a lokaci guda kuma, rikice-rikicen da ke tsakanin sassan gefe ɗaya kuma yana ƙara damuwa na ciki na fim kuma yana hanzarta fim ɗin. Fasassun gefuna.
Bugu da ƙari, idan saurin jujjuyawar kwanon rufi ya yi sauri sosai ko kuma saitin baffle ba shi da ma'ana, ƙarfin juzu'i akan kwamfutar hannu zai zama babba, don haka ruwan shafa ba zai yadu da kyau ba, kuma samuwar fim ɗin zai yi jinkirin, wanda hakan zai haifar da jinkiri. zai haifar da lalacewa mai gefe ɗaya.
Daga cikin ruwa mai rufi, yawanci saboda zaɓin polymer a cikin tsari da ƙananan danko (natsuwa) na ruwa mai laushi, da rashin daidaituwa tsakanin fim din da aka yi da kwamfutar hannu.
1.2 Magani
Ɗaya shine daidaita tsarin sayan ko samar da kwamfutar hannu don inganta taurin ainihin kwamfutar hannu. HPMC kayan shafa ne da aka saba amfani da su. Ƙaddamar da kayan aikin kwamfutar hannu yana da alaƙa da ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl a kan kwayoyin halitta masu ban sha'awa, kuma ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl suna samar da haɗin gwiwar hydrogen tare da ƙungiyoyi masu dacewa na HPMC don samar da mafi girma adhesion; Adhesion yana raunana, kuma gefe ɗaya da fim ɗin da aka shafa yakan rabu. Adadin ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl akan sarkar kwayoyin halitta na microcrystalline cellulose yana da girma, kuma yana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, kuma allunan da aka shirya daga lactose da sauran sukari suna da ƙarfin mannewa matsakaici. Yin amfani da lubricants, musamman hydrophobic lubricants irin su stearic acid, magnesium stearate, da kuma glyceryl stearate, zai rage hydrogen bonding tsakanin kwamfutar hannu core da polymer a cikin shafi bayani, yin mannewa da karfi ragewa, kuma tare da karuwa da lubricity. Ƙarfin mannewa a hankali yana raunana. Gabaɗaya, yawan adadin mai, yawan mannewa yana raunana. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin zaɓin nau'in kwamfutar hannu, nau'in kwamfutar hannu na zagaye na biconvex ya kamata a yi amfani da shi kamar yadda zai yiwu don sutura, wanda zai iya rage abin da ya faru na lahani.
Na biyu shine don daidaita takardar sayan ruwan shafa, ƙara ƙaƙƙarfan abun ciki a cikin ruwa mai rufi ko dankowar ruwa mai rufi, da inganta ƙarfi da mannewa na fim ɗin mai rufi, wanda shine hanya mai sauƙi don magance matsalar. Gabaɗaya, ƙaƙƙarfan abun ciki a cikin tsarin suturar ruwa shine 12%, kuma ingantaccen abun ciki a cikin tsarin narkewar ƙwayoyin cuta shine 5% zuwa 8%.
Bambanci a cikin danko na rufin ruwa yana rinjayar saurin da matakin shigar da ruwa mai rufi a cikin ainihin kwamfutar hannu. Lokacin da kadan ko babu shigar ciki, mannewa yayi ƙasa sosai. Dankowar ruwa mai rufi da kuma kaddarorin fim ɗin rufin suna da alaƙa da matsakaicin nauyin kwayoyin halitta na polymer a cikin tsari. Matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyin kwayoyin halitta, mafi girma da taurin fim ɗin mai rufi, ƙarancin elasticity da juriya na lalacewa. Misali, HPMC da ke samuwa a kasuwa yana da maki daban-daban na danko don zaɓi saboda bambancin matsakaicin nauyin kwayoyin halitta. Bugu da ƙari ga tasirin polymer, ƙara masu amfani da filastik ko ƙara yawan abun ciki na talc na iya rage yawan abubuwan da ke faruwa a gefen fim, amma ƙari na baƙin ƙarfe oxide da titanium dioxide kuma zai iya rinjayar ƙarfin fim ɗin mai rufi, don haka ya kamata ya kasance. amfani da shi a cikin matsakaici.
Na uku, a cikin aikin rufewa, ya zama dole don ƙara saurin feshin, musamman lokacin da aka fara suturar, saurin fesa ya kamata ya zama ɗan sauri da sauri, don haka an rufe murfin kwamfutar hannu tare da fim ɗin fim a cikin ɗan lokaci kaɗan, yana taka rawar kare kwamfutar core. Ƙara yawan feshi kuma zai iya rage yawan zafin jiki na gado, yawan evaporation da zafin fim, rage damuwa na ciki, da kuma rage yawan fashewar fim. A lokaci guda, daidaita saurin jujjuyawar kwanon rufi zuwa mafi kyawun yanayi, kuma saita baffle mai dacewa don rage gogayya da lalacewa.
2.Adhesion da blister
A cikin aiwatar da sutura, lokacin da haɗin haɗin haɗin gwiwa tsakanin yanka biyu ya fi ƙarfin rabuwar kwayoyin halitta, da yawa yanka (kwayoyin da yawa) za su ɗanɗana sannan su rabu. Lokacin da ma'auni tsakanin fesa da bushewa ba su da kyau, fim ɗin ya yi yawa sosai, fim ɗin zai tsaya a bangon tukunyar ko manne da juna, amma kuma ya haifar da fashewar fim a wurin mannewa; A cikin fesa, lokacin da ɗigon ruwa ba su cika bushewa ba, ɗigon da ba a kwance ba zai tsaya a cikin fim ɗin rufewa na gida, akwai ƙananan kumfa, suna samar da suturar kumfa, don haka takardar rufewa ta bayyana kumfa.
2.1 Binciken manyan dalilai
Girma da abin da ya faru na wannan lahani na sutura ya fi dacewa saboda yanayin aiki na sutura, rashin daidaituwa tsakanin feshi da bushewa. Gudun fesa yana da sauri da yawa ko kuma ƙarar iskar gas ɗin ta yi girma da yawa. Gudun bushewa ya yi jinkiri sosai saboda ƙarancin shigar iska ko ƙarancin zafin shigar iska da ƙarancin zafin jikin takardar. Ba a busasshiyar takarda ta Layer a cikin lokaci kuma adhesions ko kumfa suna faruwa. Bugu da ƙari, saboda rashin kyaun kusurwa ko nisa, mazugi da aka kafa ta hanyar fesa yana da ƙanƙanta, kuma ruwan da aka rufe yana mayar da hankali a wani yanki, yana haifar da rigar gida, yana haifar da mannewa. Akwai jinkirin rufe tukunyar, ƙarfin centrifugal yayi ƙanƙanta, jujjuyawar fim ɗin ba ta da kyau kuma zai haifar da mannewa.
Rufe ruwa danko ya yi girma, kuma yana daya daga cikin dalilan. Tufafin ruwa danko ne babba, sauki don samar da ya fi girma hazo saukad, da ikon shiga cikin core ne matalauta, more daya-gefe tara da mannewa, a lokaci guda, da yawa daga cikin fim ne matalauta, mafi kumfa. Amma wannan baya da tasiri sosai akan mannewa na wucin gadi.
Bugu da ƙari, nau'in fim ɗin da ba daidai ba zai kuma bayyana adhesion. Idan lebur fim a cikin rufi tukunya mirgina ba shi da kyau, za su zoba tare, yana da sauki sa biyu ko Multi-Layer fim. A cikin gwajin mu na samar da allunan buflomedil hydrochloride, guda da yawa masu rufa-rufa sun bayyana a cikin tukunyar rufin ruwan ƙirjin na gama gari saboda rufin lebur.
2.2 Magani
Yafi dacewa don daidaita saurin feshi da bushewa don cimma daidaito mai ƙarfi. Rage saurin fesa, ƙara ƙarar iska mai shigowa da zafin iska, ƙara zafin gado da saurin bushewa. Ƙara wurin ɗaukar hoto na feshi, rage matsakaicin matsakaicin girman barbashi na ɗigon feshi ko daidaita nisa tsakanin bindigar feshi da gadon gado, ta yadda abin da ya faru na mannewa na wucin gadi ya ragu tare da daidaitawa ta nisa tsakanin bindigar feshi da gadon gado.
Daidaita takardar sayan maganin maganin shafawa, ƙara yawan abun ciki mai ƙarfi a cikin maganin shafawa, rage adadin ƙarfi ko ƙara haɓakar ethanol daidai a cikin kewayon danko; Hakanan za'a iya ƙara anti-manne da kyau, kamar talcum foda, magnesium stearate, silica gel foda ko oxide peptide. Za a iya inganta saurin tukunyar rufi da kyau, ƙara ƙarfin centrifugal na gado.
Zaɓi shafi mai dacewa. Koyaya, don zanen gado, irin su buflomedil hydrochloride allunan, an sami nasarar aiwatar da rufin daga baya ta hanyar amfani da kwanon rufi mai inganci ko kuma sanya baffle a cikin kwanon rufi na yau da kullun don haɓaka mirgina takardar.
3.Fata mai kauri mai gefe daya
A cikin tsari na sutura, saboda ruwa mai rufi ba a yada shi da kyau ba, busassun polymer ba a tarwatsa ba, rashin daidaituwa ko mannewa a saman fim din, wanda ya haifar da launi mara kyau da rashin daidaituwa. Wrinkled fata wani irin m surface ne wuce kima m nuni na gani.
3.1 Binciken manyan dalilai
Na farko yana da alaƙa da guntu core. Mafi girman girman yanayin farkon farkon ainihin shine, mafi girman girman yanayin samfurin mai rufi zai kasance.
Abu na biyu, yana da dangantaka mai kyau tare da takardar sayan maganin shafawa. An yi imani da cewa nauyin kwayoyin halitta, maida hankali da kuma additives na polymer a cikin maganin shafawa suna da alaka da yanayin da ake ciki na fim din. Suna yin aiki ta hanyar rinjayar danko na maganin shafawa, kuma rashin daidaituwa na fim din ya kusan kusan layi tare da danko na maganin shafawa, yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓakar danko. Da yawa m abun ciki a shafi bayani iya sa daya-gefe coarsening sauƙi.
A ƙarshe, yana da alaƙa da aikin sutura. Gudun atomization ya yi ƙasa sosai ko kuma ya yi yawa (sakamakon atomization ba shi da kyau), wanda bai isa ya yada ɗigon hazo ba kuma ya zama fata mai laushi mai gefe ɗaya. Sannan yawan busasshen iska (iska mai fitar da iska yana da girma sosai) ko kuma zafin jiki mai yawa, saurin ƙanƙara, musamman ma iskar da ke gudana yana da girma, yana haifar da ɓacin rai, kuma yana sa yaduwar digo ba ta da kyau.
3.2 Magani
Na farko shi ne don inganta ingancin cibiya. A kan jigo na tabbatar da ingancin ainihin, daidaita rubutun maganin sayan magani kuma rage danko (natsuwa) ko ingantaccen abun ciki na maganin shafawa. Za'a iya zaɓar maganin mai-mai narkewa ko barasa-2-ruwa bayani. Sa'an nan kuma daidaita yanayin aiki, da kyau inganta saurin tukunyar rufi, yin fim din a ko'ina, ƙara haɓaka, inganta yaduwar ruwa mai rufi. Idan zazzabin gado ya yi girma, rage yawan iskar da ake sha da yawan zafin iska. Idan akwai dalilai na fesa, ya kamata a ƙara matsa lamba don hanzarta saurin fesa, sannan a inganta digiri na atomization da ƙarar feshin don sanya hazo ya faɗi da ƙarfi a saman takardar, ta yadda za a sami hazo ya ragu da ƙarami. matsakaicin diamita da hana faruwar babban hazo saukad da, musamman ga shafi ruwa tare da babban danko. Hakanan ana iya daidaita nisa tsakanin bindigar feshi da gadon gado. An zaɓi bindigar fesa tare da ƙaramin bututun bututun ƙarfe (015 mm ~ 1.2 mm) da ƙimar iskar gas mai girma. Ana daidaita siffar fesa zuwa kewayon lebur na mazugi Angle hazo kwarara, don haka ɗigon ruwa ya tarwatse a cikin babban yanki na tsakiya.
4.Gano gada
4.1 Binciken manyan dalilai
Wannan yana faruwa a lokacin da aka yi alama ko alama a saman fim ɗin. Saboda suturar suturar tana da madaidaicin sigogi na inji, irin su babban haɓakar elasticity, ƙarfin fim ba shi da kyau, ƙarancin mannewa, da sauransu, yayin bushewar suturar suturar bushewa ta haifar da babban ja da baya, daga buguwar suturar suturar fata, ja da baya da haɗin gwiwa yana faruwa. Daraja mai gefe ɗaya ya ɓace ko tambari bai bayyana ba, dalilan wannan al'amari ya ta'allaka ne a cikin takardar sayan ruwan shafa.
4.2 Magani
Daidaita takardar sayan magani na maganin shafawa. Yi amfani da ƙananan nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) nau'i na nau'i-nau'i-nau'i-nau'i-nau'i-nau'i-nau'i-nau'i mai mannewa; Ƙara yawan adadin ƙarfi, rage danko na maganin shafawa; Ƙara yawan adadin filastik, rage damuwa na ciki. Daban-daban na tasirin filastik daban-daban, polyethylene glycol 200 ya fi propylene glycol, glycerin kyau. Hakanan zai iya rage saurin feshi. Ƙara yawan zafin jiki na iska, ƙara yawan zafin jiki na gadon gado, don haka rufin da aka kafa yana da ƙarfi, amma don hana raguwa. Bugu da kari, a cikin zane na alamar mutu, ya kamata mu kula da nisa na yankan Angle da sauran maki masu kyau, gwargwadon yiwuwar hana abin da ya faru na gada.
5.Clothing membrane chromatism
5.1 Binciken manyan dalilai
A cikin mafi yawan maganin shafawa akwai pigments ko dyes waɗanda aka dakatar da su a cikin maganin shafawa kuma saboda aikin da ba daidai ba, rarraba launi ba daidai ba ne kuma an samar da bambancin launi tsakanin yanka ko a sassa daban-daban na yanka. Babban dalili shi ne cewa saurin tukunyar rufi yana da jinkirin ko kuma yadda ake hadawa ba shi da kyau, kuma ba za a iya samun tasirin suturar uniform ba tsakanin guntu a cikin lokaci na yau da kullum; Matsalolin pigment ko rini a cikin ruwan shafa mai launi ya yi yawa ko ƙaƙƙarfan abun ciki ya yi yawa, ko gudun feshin ruwan shafa ya yi sauri, zafin gadon ya yi yawa, ta yadda ruwan shafa mai launin ba ya birgima. fita cikin lokaci; Hakanan ana iya haifar da mannewar fim ɗin; Siffar gunkin bai dace ba, kamar dogon gunki, yanki mai siffar capsule, saboda jujjuyawa azaman yanki, shima zai haifar da bambancin launi.
5.2 Magani
Ƙara saurin kwanon rufi ko adadin baffle, daidaita zuwa yanayin da ya dace, don haka takardar da ke cikin kwanon rufi daidai gwargwado. Rage saurin fesa ruwan shafa, rage zafin gado. A cikin takardar sayan magani na maganin shafa mai launi, ya kamata a rage sashi ko ingantaccen abun ciki na pigment ko rini, kuma ya kamata a zaɓi pigment tare da sutura mai ƙarfi. Ya kamata pigment ko rini ya zama mai laushi kuma barbashi ya zama ƙanana. Rini marasa narkewa sun fi rini mai narkewar ruwa, rini mai narkewar ruwa ba sa yin ƙaura da ruwa cikin sauƙi kamar rini mai narkewa da ruwa, da shading, kwanciyar hankali da rage tururin ruwa, oxidation akan iyawar fim ɗin kuma ya fi rini mai narkewar ruwa. Hakanan zaɓi nau'in yanki mai dacewa. A cikin aiwatar da suturar fim, sau da yawa ana samun matsaloli daban-daban, amma ko da wane irin matsaloli ne, abubuwan suna da yawa, ana iya magance su ta hanyar haɓaka ingancin ainihin, daidaita takaddar rubutun shafi da aiki, don cimma daidaiton aikace-aikacen. da kuma aiki na yare. Tare da ƙwarewar fasaha na fasaha, haɓakawa da aikace-aikacen sabbin kayan aikin sutura da kayan aikin fim, fasahar sutura za ta inganta sosai, murfin fim kuma za ta sami ci gaba cikin sauri a cikin samar da shirye-shirye masu ƙarfi.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-25-2024