Wadanne abubuwa ne ke karfafa turmi?

Siminti na Portland: A matsayin tushen tushen turmi, simintin Portland yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙarfinsa. Yana hydrates don samar da mahadi na siminti, yana ɗaure aggregates tare.
Lemun tsami: Turmi na gargajiya sau da yawa ya haɗa da lemun tsami, wanda ke haɓaka aiki da filastik. Lemun tsami yana ba da gudummawa ga kaddarorin warkar da turmi kuma yana ƙara jure yanayin yanayi.

Silica Fume: Wannan abu na ultrafine, wanda ke haifar da samar da ƙarfe na silicon, yana da ƙarfin gaske kuma yana inganta ƙarfin turmi da dorewa ta hanyar cike ɓoyayyiya da haɓaka matrix ɗin siminti.
Fly Ash: Samfuran konewar kwal, tokar kuda tana inganta iya aiki, tana rage yawan zafin rana, kuma tana haɓaka ƙarfi da dorewa na dogon lokaci ta hanyar amsawa da calcium hydroxide don samar da ƙarin mahaɗan siminti.

Metakaolin: Ana samarwa ta hanyar ƙididdige yumbu na kaolin a yanayin zafi mai zafi, metakaolin pozzolan ne wanda ke haɓaka ƙarfin turmi, yana rage ƙarfin aiki, kuma yana inganta karko ta hanyar amsawa tare da calcium hydroxide don samar da ƙarin mahaɗan siminti.
Abubuwan Additives na Polymer: Ana iya ƙara nau'ikan polymers, irin su latex, acrylics, da styrene-butadiene roba, a cikin turmi don inganta mannewa, sassauci, tauri, da juriya ga ruwa da sinadarai.

Cellulose ether: Waɗannan abubuwan haɓaka suna haɓaka iya aiki, riƙe ruwa, da mannewa da turmi. Har ila yau, suna rage raguwa da fashewa yayin da suke haɓaka karko da juriya ga daskare-narke.
Superplasticizers: Wadannan additives suna inganta kwararar turmi ba tare da ƙara yawan ruwa ba, haɓaka aikin aiki da kuma rage buƙatar ƙarin ruwa, wanda zai iya lalata ƙarfi.
Masu shigar da iska: Ta hanyar haɗa ƙananan kumfa a cikin turmi, masu shigar da iska suna haɓaka iya aiki, juriya-narke, da dorewa ta hanyar ɗaukar sauye-sauyen ƙarar da ke haifar da sauyin yanayi.
Calcium Chloride: A cikin ƙananan adadi, calcium chloride yana hanzarta samar da ruwa na siminti, yana rage saita lokaci da haɓaka haɓaka ƙarfin farko. Koyaya, yin amfani da wuce gona da iri na iya haifar da lalatawar ƙarfafawa.

Sulfate-based Additives: Abubuwan da ake amfani da su kamar gypsum ko calcium sulfate na iya inganta juriyar turmi ga harin sulfate da rage haɓakar da abin da ya faru tsakanin sulfate ions da aluminate matakan a cikin siminti.
Masu hana lalata: Waɗannan abubuwan da aka haɗa suna kare haɗin gwiwa na ƙarfe daga lalata, don haka kiyaye amincin tsari da tsawon rayuwar abubuwan turmi.
Launi masu launi: Duk da yake ba a ƙarfafa turmi kai tsaye ba, ana iya ƙara launuka masu launi don haɓaka ƙaya da juriya na UV, musamman a aikace-aikacen gine-gine.
Raunin Rage Abubuwan Haɗawa: Waɗannan abubuwan ƙari suna rage raguwar fashewa ta hanyar rage abun ciki na ruwa, haɓaka ƙarfin haɗin gwiwa, da sarrafa ƙimar ƙawancen lokacin warkewa.
Microfibers: Haɗa microfibers, irin su polypropylene ko filaye na gilashi, yana inganta ƙarfin turmi da ƙarfin sassauƙa, rage tsagewa da haɓaka karko, musamman a cikin sassan bakin ciki.

Additives suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɓaka kaddarorin turmi, kuma zaɓin hukunci da amfani da su na da mahimmanci don samun ƙarfin da ake so, dorewa, da halayen aiki a aikace-aikace daban-daban.