Methylcellulose (MC) da carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) su ne nau'ikan cellulose guda biyu na kowa, ana amfani da su sosai a abinci, magani, gini, masana'antar sinadarai da sauran fannoni. Ko da yake dukkansu an canza su ta hanyar sinadarai daga cellulose na halitta, akwai bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a tsarin sinadarai, kayan jiki da sinadarai, da aikace-aikace.
1. Tsarin sinadaran da tsarin shiri
Ana samar da Methylcellulose ta hanyar amsa cellulose tare da methyl chloride (ko methanol) a ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline. A lokacin wannan tsari, wani ɓangare na ƙungiyoyin hydroxyl (-OH) a cikin ƙwayoyin cellulose suna maye gurbin su da ƙungiyoyin methoxy (-OCH₃) don samar da methylcellulose. Matsayin maye gurbin (DS, adadin masu maye gurbin kowane rukunin glucose) na methylcellulose yana ƙayyade kaddarorinsa na zahiri da sinadarai, kamar solubility da danko.
Ana samar da Carboxymethylcellulose ta hanyar amsa cellulose tare da chloroacetic acid a ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline, kuma ana maye gurbin ƙungiyar hydroxyl da carboxymethyl (-CH₂COOH). Matsayin maye gurbin da digiri na polymerization (DP) na CMC yana rinjayar solubility da danko a cikin ruwa. CMC yakan kasance a cikin nau'in gishiri na sodium, wanda ake kira sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC).
2. Halin jiki da sinadarai
Solubility: Methylcellulose yana narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi, amma ya rasa narkewa kuma ya samar da gel a cikin ruwan zafi. Wannan jujjuyawar yanayin zafi yana ba da damar amfani da shi azaman mai kauri da gelling a sarrafa abinci. CMC yana narkewa a cikin ruwan sanyi da ruwan zafi, amma dankon maganinsa yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya karu.
Dankowa: Dankowar duka biyun yana shafar matakin maye gurbin da maida hankali. Dankowar MC na farko yana ƙaruwa sannan kuma yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru, yayin da dankon CMC yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya karu. Wannan yana ba su abubuwan da suka dace a aikace-aikacen masana'antu daban-daban.
Kwanciyar hankali pH: CMC ya kasance barga a kan kewayon pH, musamman a ƙarƙashin yanayin alkaline, wanda ya sa ya shahara sosai a matsayin mai daidaitawa da kauri a cikin abinci da magunguna. MC yana da ɗan kwanciyar hankali a ƙarƙashin tsaka-tsaki kuma ɗan ƙaramin yanayin alkaline, amma zai ragu cikin ƙarfi acid ko alkalis.
3. Yankunan aikace-aikace
Masana'antar abinci: Methylcellulose ana yawan amfani dashi a cikin abinci azaman mai kauri, emulsifier da stabilizer. Misali, yana iya kwaikwayi dandano da nau'in kitse yayin samar da abinci maras kitse. Ana amfani da Carboxymethylcellulose sosai a cikin abubuwan sha, kayan gasa da kayan kiwo a matsayin mai kauri da daidaitawa don hana rabuwar ruwa da haɓaka dandano.
Masana'antar harhada magunguna: Ana amfani da Methylcellulose a cikin shirye-shiryen allunan magunguna a matsayin mai ɗaure da tarwatsewa, da kuma azaman mai mai da mai karewa, kamar a cikin ido na ido a matsayin maye gurbin hawaye. Ana amfani da CMC sosai a cikin magani saboda kyakkyawan yanayin halittarsa, kamar shirye-shiryen ci gaba da sakewa da magunguna da manne a cikin digon ido.
Gine-gine da masana'antar sinadarai: Ana amfani da MC sosai a cikin kayan gini azaman mai kauri, wakili mai riƙe ruwa da manne don siminti da gypsum. Zai iya inganta aikin gini da ingancin kayan aiki. Ana amfani da CMC sau da yawa a cikin maganin laka a cikin ma'adinan mai, slurry a cikin bugu da rini, shafi na takarda, da dai sauransu.
4. Tsaro da kare muhalli
Dukansu ana ɗaukar su lafiya don amfani a aikace-aikacen abinci da magunguna, amma tushensu da hanyoyin samarwa na iya yin tasiri daban-daban akan muhalli. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su na MC da CMC an samo su ne daga cellulose na halitta kuma suna da lalacewa, don haka suna aiki da kyau dangane da abokantaka na muhalli. Duk da haka, tsarin samar da su na iya haɗawa da kaushi na sinadarai da reagents, wanda zai iya yin tasiri a kan muhalli.
5. Farashin da bukatar kasuwa
Saboda matakai daban-daban na samarwa, farashin samar da methylcellulose yawanci ya fi girma, don haka farashin kasuwancinsa ya fi carboxymethylcellulose girma. CMC gabaɗaya yana da buƙatun kasuwa mafi girma saboda faɗuwar aikace-aikacen sa da ƙananan farashin samarwa.
Kodayake methylcellulose da carboxymethylcellulose duk abubuwan da aka samo asali ne na cellulose, suna da bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin tsari, kaddarorin, aikace-aikace da buƙatun kasuwa. Methylcellulose ana amfani da shi ne a fannonin abinci, magunguna da kayan gini saboda yanayin yanayin zafi na musamman da kuma sarrafa danko. Carboxymethyl cellulose an yi amfani da ko'ina a abinci, magani, petrochemical, yadi da sauran masana'antu saboda da kyau solubility, danko daidaitawa da fadi da pH adaptability. Zaɓin abin da ake samu na cellulose ya dogara da takamaiman yanayin aikace-aikacen da buƙatun.
Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-20-2024