Cellulose hadaddun polysaccharide ya ƙunshi raka'a na Glucose da yawa waɗanda aka haɗa ta β-1,4-glycsidic shaidu. Babban bangarori ne na bangon tantanin jikin shuka da kuma yana bada ƙirar jikin mutum mai ƙarfi da tauri. Saboda doguwar kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta da babban lu'ulu'u, yana da kwanciyar hankali mai ƙarfi da kuma tsutsa.
(1) kaddarorin sel da wahala a narkar da
Cellulose yana da kaddarorin masu zuwa waɗanda ke sa wahalar narke:
Babban lu'ulu'u na kwayoyin halitta suna samar da madaidaitan tsarin lattice ta hanyar haɗin hydrogen da sojojin Van Der Wautal.
Babban matakin polymerization: Matsayin polymerization (watau tsawon sarkar sel) na sel, yawanci yakan tashi daga dubun raka'a na Glucose, wanda ke ƙaruwa da kwanciyar hankali na kwayoyin.
Hanyar sadarwar Hydrogen: Hydrogen Bonds yana da yawa a tsakanin kuma a cikin sarkar sarkar sel, ya sa ya zama da wuya a lalata shi kuma a narkar da shi da kuma narkar da ta hanyar da sauran ƙarfi.
(2) reagents da ke narkewa sel
A halin yanzu, sanannen reagalent wanda zai iya rarraba ƙwayar hoto da kyau galibi ya haɗa da waɗannan rukunan:
1. Ionic ruwa
Ionic Ruffuka sune ruwa da suka ƙunshi comations na kwayoyin halitta ko faranti, yawanci tare da ƙananan maras ƙarfi, kwanciyar hankali, kwanciyar hankali. Wasu ruwan tabarau na ionic zai iya narkar da selulose, kuma babban kayan shine ya warware kawunan hydrogen tsakanin sarkar celululose kwayoyin. Ruwan Ionic gama gari wanda ke narkar da Cellulose sun haɗa da:
1-butyl-3-butyllidizolium chloride ([bmim] cl): Wannan ruwa na ionic ya narke sel ta hanyar yin hulɗa tare da shaidu na hydrogen a cikin karɓar withlulose.
1-ethyl-3-acetllidalolium acetalid ([Emim] [AC]): Wannan ruwa ionic zai iya soke taro na sel
2. Amine outidant bayani
Amine oxidet shopididant kamar yadda aka hada maganin maganin diethylamine (dea) da aka kira chloride na tagulla [II (II)--amnamMonium bayani], wanda shine tsarin warwarewar selulose. Yana lalata ƙwayar cristal ta hanyar hadawa da hydrogen gwangwani, yin sarkar kwayoyin kwayar cuta ta fifter da ƙari mai narkewa.
3. Litithynede-dimemythylacetamde (Licl-DMac) tsarin
Litll-DMac (Litithylace-Dimethylacetamide) tsarin yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin gargajiya don narkar da selulake. Likici na iya samar da gasa don shaidu na hydrogen, ta hanyar lalata cibiyar sadarwar haɗin hydrogen tsakanin selulose, yayin da sauran ƙarfi zai iya yin hulɗa da sarkar kwayoyin halitta.
4. Hydrochloric acid / zinc chloride bayani
Maganin hydrochloric acid / zinc chloride bayani ne farko da aka gano wanda zai iya narke selulose. Zai iya warware shi ta hanyar samar da sakamako mai aiki tsakanin zinc chloride da kuma sile na hydrochloric acid yana lalata shaidan hydrogen tsakanin colululose. Koyaya, wannan maganin yana lalata sosai ga kayan aiki kuma yana iyakance a aikace-aikace masu amfani.
5. Fibrentttic enzymes
Fibrentttic enzymes (kamar zane) narke selullose ta catalyzing pellulise da lalata da lalata da ƙananan Oligosachirides da Monosaccharides. Wannan hanyar tana da aikace-aikace da yawa a cikin filayen biodegradation da na rikicewar ta ba a samu gaba ɗaya warware matsalar ta sabawa ba.
(3) Hanyar rushellulose
Daban-daban reagents suna da hanyoyi daban-daban don narkar da selulose, amma a gabanni za a iya danganta ga manyan hanyoyin guda biyu:
Hadakar Hydrogen: Rushe pionic Conlular Schulan ta hanyar fasahar Hydrogen, da ionic Combatory, sanya shi narkewa.
Tsarin shakatawa na kwayoyin cuta: ƙara sanyin sarkar sarkurin silsi da rage lu'ulu'u na ƙwayoyin cuta ko sunadarai, don su narkar da su cikin ƙarfi.
(4) aikace-aikace aikace-aikace na selulose
Rikita na Serry yana da mahimman aikace-aikace a cikin filayen da yawa:
Shirye-shiryen sel sel: Bayan sun narkar da selulose, zai iya ƙara inganta sel alerbow don shirya celluters da sauran abubuwan da aka yi, waɗanda ake amfani da su sosai a abinci, magani, coatings da sauran filayen.
Abubuwan da ke kan sel: Amfani da Slelulose, Cell alfiso, anfibers, za a iya shirya wasu kayan. Wadannan kayan suna da kyawawan kayan aikin injin da bioccativity.
Kogin Bitomass: Ta hanyar narkewa da wulakantar da selulakose, ana iya canzawa zuwa cikin ferment sayan don samar da biofhanol, wanda ke taimaka wa ci gaba da amfani da makamashi mai sabuntawa.
Husakarwa ta sel wani tsari ne hadadduwa wanda ya shafi hanyoyin sinadarai da yawa. Ionic ruwa, Amino Oxidant mafita, Licl-DMac tsarin, hydrochloric acid / zinc chloyida acid da wakilan enzymes na narkar da selulose. Kowane wakili yana da kansa na musamman da kuma filin aikace-aikacen. Tare da yin nazarin zurfin tsarin da aka lalata sel alfadarai, an yi imanin cewa hanyoyin rikitawar rarrabuwar kawunan mutane za a haɓaka, don samar da damar yin amfani da haɓakar Celulake da haɓaka seluloze.
Lokaci: Jul-09-2024