Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia nā mea hoʻopili kūlohelohe i ko mākou ola. Wahi a nā kumu like ʻole, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ke kolu holoholona, ke kolu mea kanu a me ke kolu mineral. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kāpili holoholona i ke kāpili ʻili, ka iwi iwi, shellac, casein glue, albumin glue, fish bladder glue, etc.; ʻO ke kāpili huaʻai ka starch, dextrin, rosin, gum arabic, rubber maoli, etc.; ʻO ke kola koʻikoʻi ka wax mineral, asphalt Wait. Ma muli o ka nui o nā kumu, ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā lako, nā puke paʻi puke, ka ʻeke a me ka hana lima.
mea hoʻopili starch
Ma hope o ke komo ʻana o ka starch adhesive i ke kenekulia 21, e lilo ka hana maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni o ka mea i mea nui o ka mea hou. ʻO ka starch he mea ʻawaʻawa ʻole, ʻaʻohe pōʻino, kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, biodegradable a pili i ke kaiapuni. Hoʻohana nui ia i nā ʻoihana like ʻole. ʻOi aku i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ke ulu nei ka ʻenehana hana ʻenehana adhesive o ka honua i ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu, ke kumu kūʻai haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻohe nui o ka pōʻino, kiʻekiʻe viscosity a ʻaʻohe solvent.
Ma ke ʻano he ʻano huahana pale kaiapuni ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua huki ʻia ka starch adhesive i ka nānā nui a me ka nānā nui ʻana i ka ʻoihana adhesive. E pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili starch, ʻo ka manaʻo o ka starch adhesives i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ka kānana starch ke hoʻohiki nei, a ʻo ka noiʻi a me ka noi ʻana ka mea nui loa.
I kēia mau lā, hoʻohana nui ʻia ka starch ma ke ʻano he adhesive i ka pepa a me nā huahana pepa, e like me ka pahu pahu a me ka pahu hoʻopaʻa ʻana, ka hōʻailona ʻana, ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka mokulele, nā envelopes pipili, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā ʻeke pepa multi-layer, etc.
Hoʻokomo ʻia kekahi mau mea hoʻopili starch maʻamau ma lalo nei:
Adhesive starch oxidized
ʻO ka gelatinizer i hoʻomākaukau ʻia mai ka hui ʻana o ka starch i hoʻololi ʻia me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka polymerization i loaʻa ka hui aldehyde a me ka hui carboxyl a me ka wai ma lalo o ka hana o ka oxidant ma ka hoʻomehana ʻana a i ʻole gelatinizing ma ka lumi wela he mea hoʻopili starch i hoʻouka ʻia. Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka starch, hoʻokumu ʻia ka starch oxidized me ka wai solubility, wettability a me ka adhesiveness.
He liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka oxidant, ʻaʻole lawa ka degere o ka oxidation, ke emi nei ka nui o nā hui hana hou i hana ʻia e ka starch, piʻi ka viscosity o ka adhesive, emi ka viscosity mua, ʻilihune ka wai. He hopena nui ia i ka acidity, transparency a me ka hydroxyl content o ka adhesive.
Me ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana o ka manawa pane, piʻi ke kiʻekiʻe o ka oxidation, piʻi ka ʻike o ka hui carboxyl, a hoʻemi mālie ka viscosity o ka huahana, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike.
Esterified starch adhesive
Esterified starch adhesives non-degradable starch adhesives, e haawi ana i ka starch me na hui hana hou ma o ka esterification reaction ma waena o na hui hydroxyl o ka starch mole a me na mea e ae, pela e hoonui ai i ka hana o ka starch adhesives. Ma muli o ka hui ʻana o ka starch esterified, no laila ua hoʻonui ʻia ka viscosity, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mālama ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka moisture-proof a me ka anti-virus, a hiki i ka papa hoʻopili ke kū i ka hana kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa.
Hoʻopili i ka starch i hoʻopili ʻia
ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka starch, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano kino a me nā hana kemika e hana ai i ke kaulahao molekika starch e hoʻohua i nā radical manuahi, a i ka wā e hālāwai ai me nā monomers polymer, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kaulahao. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kaulahao ʻaoʻao i haku ʻia me nā monomers polymer ma ke kaulahao nui starch.
I ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hiʻohiʻona i loaʻa nā pūʻulu hydroxyl ka polyethylene a me ka starch, hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia nā paʻa hydrogen ma waena o ka polyvinyl alcohol a me nā molekole starch, e pāʻani ana i ke ʻano o ka "grafting" ma waena o ka polyvinyl alcohol a me nā molekala starch, i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mea hoʻopili starch i loaʻa. ʻO ka hoʻopili maikaʻi, ka wai a me nā waiwai anti-freezing.
No ka mea, ʻo ka starch adhesive he polymer adhesive maoli, he haʻahaʻa ke kumu kūʻai, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawaʻawa a ʻono ʻole, ʻaʻohe haumia i ke kaiapuni, no laila ua noiʻi nui ʻia a noi ʻia. I kēia mau lā, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea hoʻopili starch i ka pepa, nā lole pulupulu, nā envelopes, nā lepili, a me nā kāleka corrugated.
Hoʻopili cellulose
ʻO nā derivatives cellulose etera i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili ka nui o ka methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose a me nā ethyl cellulose (EC): he thermoplastic, wai ʻole, nonionic cellulose alkyl ether.
Loaʻa iā ia ke kūpaʻa kemika maikaʻi, ke kūpaʻa alkali ikaika, ka insulation uila maikaʻi loa a me ka rheology mechanical, a loaʻa iā ia nā hiʻohiʻona o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikaika a me ka maʻalahi i ke kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hiki ke maʻalahi me ka wax, resin, plasticizer, etc., e like me ka pepa, ka ʻili, ka ʻili, nā mea hoʻopili no nā lole.
Methyl cellulose (CMC): ionic cellulose etera. I ka ʻoihana textile, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo CMC e hoʻololi i ka starch kiʻekiʻe ma ke ʻano he mea nui no nā lole. Hiki i nā textiles i uhi ʻia me CMC ke hoʻonui i ka palupalu a hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka paʻi ʻana a me ke kala. 'I loko o ka 'oihana mea'ai, he 'ano like 'ole o ka ice cream i ho'ohui 'ia me CMC he 'ano kūpa'a maika'i, ma'alahi ke kala, a 'a'ole ma'alahi e ho'omāmā. Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili, hoʻohana ʻia ia e hana i nā ʻōpala, nā pahu pepa, nā ʻeke pepa, nā pepa pepa a me nā lāʻau artificial.
Cellulose esternā derivatives: ka nui o ka nitrocellulose a me ka cellulose acetate. Nitrocellulose: ʻIke ʻia hoʻi ʻo cellulose nitrate, ʻo kona ʻano nitrogen ma waena o 10% a me 14% ma muli o nā pae like ʻole o ka esterification.
ʻO ka maʻiʻo kiʻekiʻe ka mea maʻamau i kapa ʻia ʻo ka pulupulu ahi, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana i ka pauda puhi ʻole a me ka colloidal. ʻO ka maʻiʻo haʻahaʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo collodion. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai, akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kahi mea hoʻoheheʻe hui ʻia o ka ethyl alcohol a me ka etera, a ʻo ka hopena he collodion. No ka mea e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka collodion solvent a hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni paʻakikī, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka pani ʻana i ka hue, ka pale ʻeha a me ka celluloid plastik mua i ka mōʻaukala.
Inā hoʻohui ʻia kahi nui kūpono o ka resin alkyd ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻololi a hoʻohana ʻia ka nui kūpono o ka camphor ma ke ʻano he mea paʻakikī, lilo ia i mea hoʻopili nitrocellulose, i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka pepa, ka lole, ka ʻili, ke aniani, ka metala a me nā seramika.
Cellulose acetate: ʻIke ʻia hoʻi he cellulose acetate. Ma ke alo o ka sulfuric acid catalyst, cellulose e acetated me ka hui ʻana o ka acetic acid a me ka ethanol, a laila hoʻohui ʻia ka waika acetic dilute e hydrolyze i ka huahana i ka pae makemake o ka esterification.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka nitrocellulose, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka cellulose acetate e hana i nā mea hoʻopili i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka solvent e hoʻopaʻa i nā huahana plastik e like me nā aniani a me nā mea pāʻani. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka cellulose nitrate, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa viscosity a me ka lōʻihi, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka waikawa, ka pale ʻana i ka wai a me ke kū ʻana i ka wā.
pulupulu kalapona
ʻO ka mea hoʻopili protein kahi ʻano mea hoʻopili kūlohelohe me nā mea i loko o ka protein ma ke ʻano he kumu kumu. Hiki ke hana ʻia nā mea hoʻopili mai ka protein holoholona a me ka protein meaʻai. Wahi a ka protein i hoʻohana ʻia, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka protein holoholona (fen glue, gelatin, complex protein glue, a me albumin) a me ka mea kanu protein (bean gum, etc.). Loaʻa iā lākou ka naʻau paʻa kiʻekiʻe i ka wā maloʻo a hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana hale a me ka hana huahana lāʻau. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maikaʻi kona pale ʻana i ka wela a me ka wai, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mea hoʻopili protein holoholona.
Soy protein glue: ʻAʻole ka meaʻai meaʻai koʻikoʻi ka protein meaʻai wale nō, akā he nui nō hoʻi nā noi ma nā māla ʻai ʻole. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ma luna o ka soy protein adhesives, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 1923, ua noi ʻo Johnson no kahi patent no nā mea hoʻopili soy protein.
I ka makahiki 1930, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana nui ʻia ka soy protein phenolic resin board adhesive (DuPont Mass Division) ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o ka ikaika paʻa a me ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka mākeke adhesive, ʻo ka acidity o nā kumu aila honua a me ka haumia o ke kaiapuni ua hoʻohuli hou i ka manaʻo, kahi i noʻonoʻo hou ai ka ʻoihana adhesive i nā mea hoʻopili kūlohelohe hou, e hoʻopiʻi hou ana i ka soybean protein adhesives i wahi wela noiʻi.
ʻAʻole ʻona, ʻono, maʻalahi ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka soy adhesive, akā maikaʻi ʻole ka wai. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 0.1% ~ 1.0% (mass) o nā mea hoʻohui keʻa e like me thiourea, carbon disulfide, tricarboxymethyl sulfide, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pale wai, a hana i nā mea hoʻopili no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka lāʻau a me ka hana plywood.
ʻO nā glues protein holoholona: Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā glues holoholona i nā lako a me nā ʻoihana hana lāʻau. ʻO nā huahana maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā noho, nā papaʻaina, nā keʻena, nā kumu hoʻohālike, nā mea pāʻani, nā mea haʻuki a me nā deckers.
ʻO nā glues holoholona wai hou me ka maʻiʻo paʻa o 50-60% e pili ana i nā ʻano hoʻōla wikiwiki a hoʻōla lohi, i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā panela kiʻi o nā keʻena paʻa paʻa, hui home mobile, nā laminates paʻakikī, a me nā holoholona wela ʻoi aku ka uku. ʻO nā manawa koi liʻiliʻi a me ka liʻiliʻi no ke kāpili.
ʻO ke kāpili holoholona kekahi ʻano mea hoʻopili i hoʻohana ʻia i nā lipine hoʻopili. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau lipine no nā ʻeke kūʻai māmā maʻamau a me nā lipine hana kaumaha e like me ke sila ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka fiber paʻa a me nā pahu corrugated no ka hoʻouna ʻana kahi e koi ʻia ai nā hana mīkini wikiwiki a me ka ikaika paʻa lōʻihi.
I kēia manawa, nui ka nui o ke kāpili iwi, a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka ʻili i hoʻokahi a i hui pū ʻia me ka iwi iwi. Wahi a Coating Online, hoʻohana ʻia ka mea hoʻopili i hoʻohana ʻia me kahi maʻi paʻa o kahi o 50%, a hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia me dextrin ma 10% a 20% o ka pulu maloʻo maloʻo, a me kahi mea liʻiliʻi o ka pulu, plasticizer, gel inhibitor (inā pono).
Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ʻo Adhesive (60 ~ 63 ℃) me ka pena ma ka pepa hope, a ʻo ka nui o ka waiho ʻana o ka paʻa he 25% o ka nui o ka waihona pepa. Hiki ke hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ka lipine pulu ma lalo o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana me nā wili wela wela a i ʻole me nā mea hoʻomehana ea hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia.
Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kāpili holoholona me ka hana ʻana i ka sandpaper a me ka gauze abrasives, ka nui a me ka uhi ʻana o nā textiles a me ka pepa, a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā puke a me nā makasina.
Hoʻopili ʻo Tannin
ʻO ka Tannin kahi pūhui mea ola i loaʻa nā pūʻulu polyphenolic, aia i loko o ke kumu, ka ʻili, nā aʻa, nā lau a me nā hua o nā mea kanu. ʻO ka mea nui mai ka hana lāʻau ʻili ʻili a me nā mea kanu me ka nui o ka tannin. Hoʻohui ʻia ka tannin, formaldehyde a me ka wai e loaʻa ai ka resin tannin, a laila hoʻohui ʻia ka mea hoʻōla a me ka mea hoʻopihapiha, a loaʻa ka tannin adhesive ma ka hoʻoulu ʻana like.
He maikaʻi ke kūʻē ʻana o ka tannin adhesive i ka wela a me ka haʻahaʻa, a ʻo ka hana o ka gluing lāʻau e like me ka phenolic adhesive. Hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka gluing lāʻau, etc.
mea hoʻopili lignin
ʻO Lignin kekahi o nā mea nui o ka lāʻau, a ʻo kāna ʻike ma kahi o 20-40% o ka lāʻau, ʻelua wale nō i ka cellulose. He mea paʻakikī ke unuhi pololei i ka lignin mai ka lāʻau, a ʻo ke kumu nui ʻo ka wai ʻōpala pulp, kahi waiwai nui i nā kumuwaiwai.
ʻAʻole hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Lignin ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili wale nō, akā he polymer resin phenolic i loaʻa ma ka hana o ka hui phenolic o lignin a me formaldehyde ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili. I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kūpaʻa wai, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka hui pū ʻana me ka isopropane epoxy isocyanate, phenol stupid, resorcinol a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā lignin adhesives no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka plywood a me ka particleboard. Eia nō naʻe, kiʻekiʻe kona viscosity a hohonu ke kala, a ma hope o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ke ʻano o ka noi.
ʻAlapia gum
ʻO ka gum arabic, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka acacia gum, he exudate mai ka lāʻau ʻohana ʻūhini hihiu. Kapa ʻia ma muli o kāna hana nui ma nā ʻāina Arab. ʻO ka gum arabic ka nui o nā polysaccharides kaumaha haʻahaʻa a me nā glycoproteins acacia kaumaha kiʻekiʻe. Ma muli o ka hoʻoheheʻe wai maikaʻi o ka gum arabic, maʻalahi loa ka hoʻokumu ʻana, ʻaʻole pono ka wela a me nā accelerators. Māloʻo koke ka Gum Arabic. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā lens optical, gluing stamps, hoʻopili i nā lepili hōʻailona, hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka paʻi ʻana a me ke kala ʻana i nā mea kōkua.
ʻO nā mea hoʻopili kino
ʻO nā mea hoʻopili i hoʻokumu ʻia me nā mea inorganic, e like me phosphates, phosphates, sulfates, boron salts, metal oxides, etc., ua kapa ʻia nā mea hoʻopili inorganic. ʻO kona mau hiʻohiʻona:
(1) Ke pale wela kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke kū i ka 1000 ℃ a i ʻole ka wela kiʻekiʻe:
(2) ʻO nā waiwai anti-kahiko maikaʻi:
(3) Hoʻemi liʻiliʻi
(4) ʻAhaʻi nui. ʻO ka modulus elastic kahi wāwae i ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā mea hoʻopili organik:
(5) ʻAʻole maikaʻi ke kūpaʻa wai, ka waikawa a me ka alkali.
Maopopo anei iā ʻoe? He hoʻohana ʻē aʻe nā mea hoʻopili ma waho o ka pipili.
Anti-corrosion: Ua uhi ʻia nā paipu mahu o nā moku me ka silicate aluminika a me ka asbestos e hoʻokō ai i ka insulation thermal, akā ma muli o ka leakage a i ʻole ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke anu a me ka wela, ua hana ʻia ka wai condensate, e hōʻiliʻili ana ma ka paia o waho o nā paipu mahu lalo; a ua ʻike ʻia nā paipu mahu i ka wela kiʻekiʻe no ka manawa lōʻihi, nā paʻakai hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻO ka hana o ka corrosion o ka paia o waho he koʻikoʻi loa.
I kēia hopena, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻopili wai aniani e like me nā mea uhi ma ka papa lalo o ka alumini silicate e hana i kahi uhi me kahi ʻano enamel-like. I ka hoʻokomo mechanical, hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia nā ʻāpana. Hiki i ka ʻike lōʻihi i ka ea no nā mea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kumu i ka ʻinoʻino. I ke kaʻina hana mechanical, i kekahi manawa ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā bolts ma muli o ka haʻalulu nui.
I mea e hoʻoponopono ai i kēia pilikia, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mea hoʻohui me nā mea hoʻopili inorganic i ka hoʻonohonoho mechanical, a laila pili pū me nā bolts. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia ke pāʻani wale i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana, akā ke pāʻani pū kekahi i ka anti-corrosion.
Biomedical: ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka mea hydroxyapatite bioceramic kokoke i ka ʻāpana inorganic o ka iwi kanaka, he biocompatibility maikaʻi, hiki ke hana i kahi paʻa kemika ikaika me ka iwi, a he mea hoʻololi ʻiʻo paʻakikī kūpono.
Eia naʻe, kiʻekiʻe ka modulus elastic maʻamau o nā implants HA i hoʻomākaukau ʻia a haʻahaʻa ka ikaika, a ʻaʻole kūpono ka hana. Koho ʻia ke aniani phosphate adhesive, a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pauka maka HA ma kahi haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka mahana sintering kuʻuna ma o ka hana o ka adhesive, a laila e hōʻemi i ka modulus elastic a hōʻoia i ka hana waiwai.
Ua hoʻolaha ʻo Cohesion Technologies Ltd. ua hoʻomohala lākou i kahi mea hoʻopaʻa Coseal i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka naʻau a ua hoʻohana maikaʻi ʻia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ma o ka hoʻohana hoʻohālikelike ʻana o 21 mau hihia o ka hōʻoki ʻana i ka naʻau ma ʻEulopa, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kāʻei Coseal i hōʻemi nui i nā adhesions surgical i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ma hope o ka Coseal sealant he mana nui i ka ʻoki puʻuwai, gynecological a me ka ʻōpū.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ʻike ʻia he wahi ulu hou i ka ʻoihana adhesive. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kāpili epoxy a i ʻole polyester unsaturated.
I ka ʻenehana pale: ʻO nā submarine Stealth kekahi o nā hōʻailona o ka hana hou ʻana o nā mea kaua moana. ʻO ke ʻano koʻikoʻi o ka ʻaihue submarine ʻo ia ke kau ʻana i nā kile hoʻopale kani ma luna o ka pūpū submarine. ʻO ke kīleʻa kani keʻano o ke kāpili me nā mea kani.
No ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i ka hui paʻa o ka muffler tile a me ka pā kila o ka paia o ka moku, pono e hilinaʻi i ka mea hoʻopili. Hoʻohana ʻia i loko o ka pūʻali koa: mālama pahu, hui waʻa pūʻali koa, pūʻali koa mokulele lele uila, missile warhead thermal protection layer bonding, hoʻomākaukau i nā mea camouflage, anti-terrorism a me anti-terrorism.
He mea kupanaha? Mai nana i ka makou wahi pipili, nui ka ike.
ʻO nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika nui o ka mea hoʻopili
Ka manawa hana
Ka lōʻihi o ka manawa ma waena o ka hui ʻana a me ka hui ʻana o nā ʻāpana e hoʻopaʻa ʻia
ʻO ka manawa mālama mua
ʻO ka manawa e wehe ai i ka ikaika e hāʻawi i ka ikaika kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i nā paʻa, me ka neʻe ʻana i nā ʻāpana mai nā mea paʻa.
manawa hoola piha
ʻO ka manawa e pono ai e hoʻokō i nā waiwai mechanical hope loa ma hope o ka hui ʻana o ka lāʻau
wā mālama
Ma lalo o kekahi mau kūlana, hiki i ka adhesive ke mālama i kona mau waiwai a me ka manawa mālama o ka ikaika i kuhikuhi ʻia
ikaika pili
Ma lalo o ka hana o ka ikaika o waho, pono ke koʻikoʻi e hana i ka pilina ma waena o ka adhesive a me ka mea hoʻopili i ka ʻāpana adhesive e wāwahi a i ʻole kona kokoke.
Ka ikaika shear
ʻO ka ikaika shear e pili ana i ka ikaika shear i hiki i ka ʻili hoʻopaʻa ʻāpana ke kū i ka wā i poino ai ka ʻāpana hoʻopaʻa, a hōʻike ʻia kona ʻāpana ma MPa (N/mm2)
Ka ikaika huki like ʻole
ʻO ka haʻawe kiʻekiʻe loa e hiki i ka hui ke hoʻokau i ka ikaika huki huki ʻole, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ukana ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua a i ʻole hoʻokahi lihi o ka papa hoʻopili, a ʻo ka ikaika ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi ma mua o ka ʻāpana āpau, a me ka ʻāpana. he KN/m
Ikaika U'i
ʻO ka ikaika tensile, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka ikaika huki huki a me ka ikaika tensile maikaʻi, e pili ana i ka ikaika tensile ma kēlā me kēia ʻāpana i ka wā i hōʻino ʻia ai ka adhesion e ka ikaika, a hōʻike ʻia ka ʻāpana ma MPa (N/mm2).
ikaika ʻili
ʻO ka ikaika o ka peel ka ukana kiʻekiʻe loa i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana ākea hiki ke kū i ka wā i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana peeling i kuhikuhi ʻia, a ua hōʻike ʻia kāna ʻāpana ma KN / m.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-25-2024