1.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)he cellulose ether koʻikoʻi, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā meaʻai, nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā māla ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa i ka HPMC ka mānoanoa maikaʻi, ka hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, emulsifying, ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka wai, no laila he mea nui ia i nā ʻoihana he nui. Ke hilinaʻi nui nei ka hana ʻana o HPMC i nā kaʻina hana hoʻololi kemika. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka holomua o ka biotechnology, ua hoʻomaka pū nā ʻano hana e pili ana i ka microbial fermentation i ka nānā ʻana.
2. Fermentation hana kumu o ka HPMC
Hoʻohana ke kaʻina hana HPMC maʻamau i ka cellulose kūlohelohe e like me ka mea maka a hana ʻia e nā ʻano kemika e like me ka alkalization, etherification a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. Eia nō naʻe, pili kēia kaʻina hana i ka nui o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik a me nā reagents kemika, kahi hopena nui i ke kaiapuni. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka microbial fermentation e synthesize cellulose a me ka etherify hou aʻe ua lilo ia i mea ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kaiapuni a me ke ʻano hana hoʻomau.
He kumuhana wela ka microbial synthesis o cellulose (BC) i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Hiki i nā maʻi bacteria me Komagataeibacter (e like me Komagataeibacter xylinus) a me Gluconacetobacter ke hana pololei i ka cellulose maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe ma o ka fermentation. Hoʻohana kēia mau bacteria i ka glucose, glycerol a i ʻole nā kumu kalapona ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano he substrates, ferment ma lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, a hūnā i nā nanofiber cellulose. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka cellulose bacteria i HPMC ma hope o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka hydroxypropyl a me ka methylation.
3. Kaʻina hana
3.1 Kaʻina Fermentation o ka cellulose bacteria
He mea koʻikoʻi ka maikaʻi o ke kaʻina hana fermentation i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hua a me ka maikaʻi o ka cellulose bacteria. ʻO nā ʻanuʻu nui penei:
Ka nānā ʻana a me ka mahi ʻana: E koho i nā kānana cellulose kiʻekiʻe, e like me Komagataeibacter xylinus, no ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana.
Mea hoʻoheheʻe: Hāʻawi i nā kumu kalapona (glucose, sucrose, xylose), nā kumu nitrogen (extract yeast, peptone), nā paʻakai inorganic (phosphates, magnesium salts, etc.) a me nā mea hoʻoponopono (acetic acid, citric acid) e hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria a me ka synthesis cellulose.
Ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ke kūlana fermentation: me ka mahana (28-30 ℃), pH (4.5-6.0), ke kiʻekiʻe o ka oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (ka hoʻoulu ʻana a i ʻole ka moʻomeheu static), etc.
ʻOhi a hoʻomaʻemaʻe: Ma hope o ka fermentation, hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka cellulose bacteria ma ka kānana, holoi ʻana, hoʻomaloʻo a me nā hana ʻē aʻe, a wehe ʻia ke koena bacteria a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe.
3.2 Hydroxypropyl methylation hoʻololi o cellulose
Pono e hoʻololi ʻia ka cellulose bacteria i loaʻa e hāʻawi iā ia i nā ʻano o HPMC. ʻO nā ʻanuʻu nui penei:
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa alkalinization: e hoʻomoʻa i kahi nui kūpono o ka hopena NaOH e hoʻonui i ke kaulahao cellulose a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana pane o ka etherification ma hope.
Etherification reaction: ma lalo o ka wela a me ka catalytic kūlana, hoʻohui propylene oxide (hydroxypropylation) a me methyl chloride (methylation) e pani i ka cellulose hydroxyl pūʻulu e hana HPMC.
Neutralization a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe: neutralize me ka waika ma hope o ka hopena e wehe unreacted kemika reagents, a loaa ka hope ma ka holoi ana, kānana a me ka maloʻo.
ʻO ka ʻohi ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana: e ʻoki i ka HPMC i loko o nā ʻāpana i kūpono i nā kikoʻī, a pale a hoʻopaʻa iā lākou e like me nā māka viscosity like ʻole.
4. Nā ʻenehana koʻikoʻi a me nā hoʻolālā hoʻolālā
ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kahe: hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hua a me ka maikaʻi o ka cellulose ma o ka ʻenekinia genetic o nā ʻano microbial strains.
Hoʻonui i ke kaʻina hana fermentation: hoʻohana i nā bioreactors no ka mana ikaika e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ʻana o ka cellulose.
Kaʻina hana etherification ʻōmaʻomaʻo: hoʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik a hoʻomohala i nā ʻenehana etherification e pili ana i ke kaiapuni, e like me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka enzyme catalytic.
Ka mana o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana: ma ka nānā ʻana i ka pae hoʻololi, solubility, viscosity a me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe o HPMC, e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā koi noi.
ʻO ka fermentation-basedHPMCʻO ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana i nā mea maikaʻi o ka hiki ke hoʻololi hou ʻia, pili i ke kaiapuni a me ka maikaʻi, e like me ke ʻano o ka kemika ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hoʻomohala hoʻomau. Me ka holomua o ka biotechnology, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia ʻenehana e hoʻololi mālie i nā ʻano kemika kuʻuna a hoʻolaha i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o HPMC ma nā kahua kūkulu, meaʻai, lāʻau lapaʻau, etc.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-11-2025