Hoʻomākaukau i ka hydroxyethyl cellulose

ʻO ka Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) he polymer non-ionic, wai-soluble i loaʻa mai ka cellulose, he polymer maoli i loaʻa i loko o nā paia pūnaewele o nā mea kanu. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā ʻoihana like ʻole, me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea hoʻonaninani, nā pena, a me nā mea hoʻopili, ma muli o kona mānoanoa maikaʻi loa, hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a me nā waiwai rheological. ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka hydroxyethyl cellulose e pili ana i ka etherification o cellulose me ka ethylene oxide ma lalo o nā kūlana alkaline. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia kaʻina hana i nā ʻanuʻu koʻikoʻi: hoʻomaʻemaʻe cellulose, alkalization, etherification, neutralization, holoi, a maloʻo.

1. Hoomaemae Cellulose
ʻO ka hana mua i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hydroxyethyl cellulose ʻo ia ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka cellulose, maʻamau i loaʻa mai ka pulp lāʻau a i ʻole ka pulupulu liters. Loaʻa i ka cellulose maka nā mea haumia e like me ka lignin, hemicellulose, a me nā extractive ʻē aʻe e pono e hoʻoneʻe ʻia no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka cellulose maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe kūpono no ka hoʻololi kemika.

Nā hana e pili ana:

Ka Hana Mechanical: Hoʻohana ʻia ka cellulose maka e hōʻemi i kona nui a hoʻonui i kona ʻili, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā lāʻau kemika ma hope.
Hoʻomaʻamaʻa Kemika: Hoʻohana ʻia ka cellulose me nā mea kemika e like me ka sodium hydroxide (NaOH) a me ka sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) e wāwahi i ka lignin a me ka hemicellulose, a ma hope o ka holoi ʻana a me ka bleaching e wehe i nā koena haumia a loaʻa kahi cellulose fibrous keʻokeʻo.

2. Alkalization
Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka cellulose i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e hoʻāla iā ia no ka hopena etherification. Hoʻopili kēia i ka mālama ʻana i ka cellulose me kahi wai wai o ka sodium hydroxide.

Pane:
Cellulose+NaOH→Alkali cellulose

Kaʻina hana:

Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka cellulose i ka wai, a hoʻohui ʻia ka solution sodium hydroxide. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka NaOH maʻamau mai 10-30%, a ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hopena ma nā mahana ma waena o 20-40°C.
Hoʻoulu ʻia ka hui ʻana e hōʻoia i ka hoʻopili like ʻana o ka alkali, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka cellulose alkali. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o kēia mea waena i ka ethylene oxide, maʻalahi i ke kaʻina hana etherification.

3. Etherification
ʻO ka hana nui i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hydroxyethyl cellulose ʻo ia ka etherification o ka cellulose alkali me ka ethylene oxide. Hoʻokomo kēia hopena i nā pūʻulu hydroxyethyl (-CH2CH2OH) i loko o ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose, e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai.

Pane:
Alkali cellulose+Ethylene oxide→Hydroxyethyl cellulose+NaOH

Kaʻina hana:

Hoʻohui ʻia ka Ethylene oxide i ka cellulose alkali, i loko o ka pūʻulu a i ʻole ka hana mau. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka pane ʻana i loko o kahi autoclave a i ʻole ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kaomi.
ʻO nā kūlana hopena, me ka mahana (50-100 ° C) a me ke kaomi (1-5 atm), e mālama pono ʻia e hōʻoia i ka hoʻololi maikaʻi ʻana o nā hui hydroxyethyl. ʻO ka degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana (DS) a me ka molar substitution (MS) nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi e hoʻoikaika i nā waiwai o ka huahana hope.

4. Hoʻopaʻapaʻa
Ma hope o ka hopena etherification, aia ka hydroxyethyl cellulose a me ke koena sodium hydroxide. ʻO ka hana aʻe, ʻo ia ka neutralization, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai ka alkali nui me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waika, maʻamau ka ʻakika acetic (CH3COOH) a i ʻole ka waikawa hydrochloric (HCl).

Pane:NaOH+HCl→NaCl+H2O

Kaʻina hana:

Hoʻohui mālie ʻia ka ʻakika i ka hui ʻana ma lalo o nā kūlana i mālama ʻia e pale i ka wela nui a pale i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka hydroxyethyl cellulose.
Hoʻopili ʻia ka hui neutralized i ka hoʻoponopono pH e hōʻoia i loko o ka pae i makemake ʻia, maʻamau a puni ka pH neutral (6-8).
5. Holoi
Ma hope o ka neutralization, pono e holoi ʻia ka huahana e wehe i nā paʻakai a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia hana no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hydroxyethyl cellulose maʻemaʻe.

Kaʻina hana:

Hoʻopili ʻia ka hui ʻana me ka wai, a hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hydroxyethyl cellulose e ka kānana a i ʻole centrifugation.
Holoi pinepine ʻia ka hydroxyethyl cellulose i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me ka wai deionized e wehe i nā paʻakai a me nā haumia. Ke hoʻomau nei ka holoi ʻana a hiki i ka wai holoi i kahi conductivity kikoʻī, e hōʻike ana i ka wehe ʻana o nā haumia hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe.
6. Ka maloo ana
ʻO ka hana hope loa i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hydroxyethyl cellulose ka maloʻo. Hoʻopau kēia ʻanuʻu i ka wai nui, e hāʻawi ana i kahi huahana maloʻo a pauka kūpono no nā noi like ʻole.

Kaʻina hana:

Hoʻopili ʻia ka hydroxyethyl cellulose i holoi ʻia ma luna o nā pā maloʻo a i ʻole e lawe ʻia ma o kahi tunnel maloʻo. Mālama ʻia ka mahana maloʻo e pale i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa wela, maʻamau mai 50-80°C.
ʻO kahi ʻē aʻe, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana no ka maloʻo wikiwiki a maikaʻi. I ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, ua ʻātomai ʻia ka wai wai hydroxyethyl cellulose i loko o nā kulu liʻiliʻi a maloʻo i loko o kahi kahawai ea wela, e loaʻa ai kahi pauda maikaʻi.
E wili ʻia ka hua maloʻo a hiki i ka nui o nā ʻāpana i makemake ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka mālama ʻana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana.
Ka Mana Pono a me nā noi
I loko o ke kaʻina hana hoʻomākaukau, ua hoʻokō ʻia nā hana hoʻomalu maikaʻi e hōʻoia i ka kūlike a me ka maikaʻi o ka hydroxyethyl cellulose. E nānā mau ʻia nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi e like me ka viscosity, degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana, ka makū, a me ka nui o nā ʻāpana.

Nā noi:

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau: Hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea mānoanoa, binder, a me ka stabilizer i nā ʻano like me nā papa, nā hoʻokuʻu, a me nā ʻaila.
Mea Hoʻomaʻamaʻa: Hāʻawi i ka viscosity a me ke ʻano i nā huahana e like me ka creams, lotions, a me nā shampoos.
Nā Pena a me nā Kākoʻo: Hana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa a me ka rheology modifier, e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai noi a me ka paʻa o nā pena.
ʻOihana Meaʻai: He hana mānoanoa, stabilizer, a emulsifier i nā huahana meaʻai like ʻole.

ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka hydroxyethyl cellulose e pili ana i kahi ʻano o nā kaʻina hana kemika a me nā hana mechanical i kuhikuhi ʻia e hoʻololi i ka cellulose e hoʻolauna i nā pūʻulu hydroxyethyl. ʻO kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu, mai ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe cellulose a hiki i ka maloʻo ʻana, he mea koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka maikaʻi a me ka hana o ka huahana hope. ʻO ka waiwai nui o ka Hydroxyethyl cellulose e lilo ia i mea waiwai nui i nā ʻoihana he nui, e hōʻike ana i ke koʻikoʻi o nā hana hana pololei e hoʻokō i nā koi kikoʻī o nā noi like ʻole.