ʻO ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (ʻike pū ʻia me: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose,CMC, Carboxymethyl, Cellulose Sodium, Sodium paʻakai o Caboxy Methyl Cellulose) ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia a ʻo ka nui loa i hoʻohana ʻia i ka honua i kēia mau ʻano cellulose.
CMC-Na no ka pōkole, he cellulose derivative me ka glucose polymerization degere o 100-2000, a me ka pili molecular nuipa o 242.16. ʻO ka pauka fibrous keʻokeʻo. ʻAʻala ʻole, ʻono ʻole, ʻono ʻole, hygroscopic, hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik.
Nā waiwai kumu
1. ʻO ka hana molekala o ka sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)
Ua hana mua ʻia e Kelemania i ka makahiki 1918, a ua patent ʻia i ka makahiki 1921 a ʻike ʻia i ka honua. Ua hoʻokō ʻia ka hana ʻoihana ma ʻEulopa. I kēlā manawa, ʻo ia wale nō ka huahana maʻemaʻe, hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka colloid a me ka binder. Mai ka makahiki 1936 a hiki i ka makahiki 1941, ua ikaika loa ka noiʻi noiʻi noiʻi ʻenehana o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, a ua hana ʻia kekahi mau patent hoʻoikaika. I ka wā o ke Kaua Honua II, ua hoʻohana ʻo Kelemania i ka sodium carboxymethylcellulose i nā mea holoi synthetic. Ua hana ʻo Hercules i ka sodium carboxymethylcellulose no ka manawa mua ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i ka makahiki 1943, a ua hana ʻo ia i ka sodium carboxymethylcellulose i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i ka makahiki 1946, i ʻike ʻia he meaʻai palekana. Ua hoʻomaka koʻu ʻāina e hoʻohana iā ia i ka makahiki 1970, a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka makahiki 1990. ʻO ia ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia a me ka nui o ka cellulose i ka honua i kēia mau lā.
Ke kumu hoʻohālike: C6H7O2 (OH) 2OCH2COONa Huina Molekala: C8H11O7Na
ʻO kēia huahana ka paʻakai sodium o cellulose carboxymethyl ether, he fiber anionic
2. Ke ano o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
ʻO kēia huahana ka paʻakai sodium o cellulose carboxymethyl ether, he anionic cellulose ether, keʻokeʻo a i ʻole milky keʻokeʻo fibrous pauka a i ʻole granule, density 0.5-0.7 g/cm3, aneane ʻaʻole ʻono, ʻono ʻole, hygroscopic. He mea maʻalahi ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i loko o ka wai e hana ai i kahi hopena colloidal akaka, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe e like me ka ethanol [1]. ʻO ka pH o 1% aqueous solution he 6.5-8.5, i ka pH>10 a i ʻole <5, e emi nui ka viscosity o ka mucilage, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana i ka pH = 7. Paʻa i ka wela, piʻi koke ka viscosity ma lalo o 20°C, a loli mālie ma 45°C. ʻO ka hoʻomehana lōʻihi ma luna o 80 ° C hiki ke denature i ka colloid a hoʻemi nui i ka viscosity a me ka hana. Hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai, a maopopo ka hopena; He paʻa loa ia i ka hopena alkaline, akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wā e hālāwai ai me ka waika, a e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wā o ka pH waiwai he 2-3, a e hana pū me nā paʻakai metala polyvalent.
ʻO ke kumu nui
Hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa i ka ʻoihana meaʻai, ma ke ʻano he mea lawe lāʻau i ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, a ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa a me ka anti-redeposition agent i ka ʻoihana kemika i kēlā me kēia lā. I ka ʻoihana paʻi a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana, hoʻohana ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he colloid pale no nā mea hoʻohālikelike a me nā paʻi paʻi. I ka ʻoihana petrochemical, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka wai fracturing. [2]
ka launa ʻole
ʻAʻole kūpono ʻo Sodium carboxymethylcellulose me nā ʻakika ikaika, nā paʻakai hao soluble, a me kekahi mau metala ʻē aʻe e like me ke aluminika, mercury, a me ka zinc. Ke emi ka pH ma lalo o 2, a ke hui pū ʻia me 95% ethanol, hiki mai ka ua.
Hiki i ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ke hana i nā co-agglomerates me ka gelatin a me ka pectin, a hiki nō ke hana i nā paʻakikī me ka collagen, hiki ke hoʻokahe i kekahi mau protein i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia.
hana lima
ʻO ka CMC ka mea maʻamau he pūhui polimer anionic i hoʻomākaukau ʻia e ka hana ʻana i ka cellulose kūlohelohe me ka alkali caustic a me ka waika monochloroacetic, me ke kaumaha molekala o 6400 (± 1 000). ʻO nā huahana nui ka sodium chloride a me ka sodium glycolate. No ka CMC ka hoʻololi cellulose maoli. ʻO ka Food and Agriculture Organization o United Nations (FAO) a me ka World Health Organization (WHO) ua kapa inoa ʻia ʻo ia he "cellulose hoʻololi ʻia".
ʻO nā hōʻailona nui e ana i ka maikaʻi o ka CMC ʻo ke degere o ka hoʻololi (DS) a me ka maʻemaʻe. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻokoʻa nā waiwai o CMC inā ʻokoʻa ka DS; ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka solubility, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike a me ka paʻa o ka hopena. Wahi a nā hōʻike, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻike o ka CMC i ka wā o ka degere o ka hoʻololi ʻana he 0.7-1.2, a ʻo ka viscosity o kāna hoʻonā wai ka mea nui loa i ka wā o ka pH waiwai he 6-9. I mea e hōʻoia ai i kona maikaʻi, ma waho aʻe o ke koho ʻana i ka mea etherification, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia kekahi mau mea e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻololi ʻana a me ka maʻemaʻe, e like me ka pilina ma waena o ka nui o ka alkali a me ka etherification agent, ka manawa etherification, ka wai i loko. ka ʻōnaehana, ka mahana, ka waiwai pH, ka hoʻonā Concentration a me ka paʻakai etc.
kūlana quo
I mea e hoʻoponopono ai i ka hemahema o nā mea maka (ka pulupulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe i hana ʻia me ka pulupulu liters), i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hui pū kekahi mau ʻimi noiʻi ʻepekema i koʻu ʻāina me nā ʻoihana e hoʻohana piha i ka mauʻu laiki, ka pulupulu lepo (ka pulupulu ʻōpala), a me nā ʻōpala pī. e hana pono i ka CMC. Hoʻemi nui ʻia ke kumukūʻai hana, e wehe ana i kahi kumu hou o nā mea maka no ka hana ʻoihana CMC a ʻike i ka hoʻohana piha ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, hoʻemi ʻia ke kumukūʻai hana, a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ke ulu nei ʻo CMC i ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o CMC ka mea nui i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻenehana hana e kū nei a me ka hana hou o ke kaʻina hana, a me nā huahana CMC hou me nā waiwai kūʻokoʻa, e like me ke kaʻina hana "solvent-slurry" [3] i hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻia. ma waho a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia. Hoʻopuka ʻia kahi ʻano CMC hou me ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻololi ʻana a me ka hāʻawi like ʻana o nā substituents, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i kahi ākea ākea o nā kahua hana ʻoihana a me nā ʻenehana hoʻohana paʻakikī e hoʻokō i nā koi kaʻina kiʻekiʻe. Ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa, kapa ʻia kēia ʻano hou o ka CMC i hoʻololi ʻia "polyanionic cellulose (PAC, Poly anionic cellulose)".
palekana
ʻO ka palekana kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole pono ka ADI i nā lula, a ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā kūlana aupuni [4] .
palapala noi
Loaʻa i kēia huahana nā hana o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, mānoanoa, hoʻoikaika, emulsifying, paʻa wai a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana.
Hoʻohana i ka CMC i ka meaʻai
Ua ʻae ʻo FAO a me WHO i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka CMC maʻemaʻe i ka meaʻai. Ua ʻae ʻia ma hope o ka noiʻi a me nā hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi biological a me toxicological. ʻO ka intake palekana (ADI) o ke kūlana honua he 25mg/(kg·d), ʻo ia hoʻi ma kahi o 1.5 g/d i kēlā me kēia kanaka. Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻaʻole i loaʻa i kekahi poʻe kahi hopena ʻawaʻawa i ka wā i hiki ai i ka 10 kg. ʻAʻole wale ʻo CMC he mea hoʻopaʻa emulsification maikaʻi a me ka mānoanoa i nā noi meaʻai, akā loaʻa nō hoʻi ke kūpaʻa hau a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻono o ka huahana a hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa mālama. ʻO ka nui i hoʻohana ʻia i ka waiū soy, ice cream, ice cream, jelly, nā mea inu, a me nā kini ma kahi o 1% a 1.5%. Hiki i ka CMC ke hana i kahi hoʻopuehu emulsified paʻa me ka vīnega, soy sauce, ʻaila meaʻai, wai huaʻai, gravy, wai huaʻai, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a ʻo ka dosage he 0.2% a 0.5%. ʻOi loa, he hana emulsifying maikaʻi loa ia no nā aila holoholona a me nā mea kanu, nā protein a me nā hoʻonā wai, hiki iā ia ke hana i kahi emulsion homogeneous me ka hana paʻa. Ma muli o kona palekana a me ka hilinaʻi, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia kāna dosage e ka maʻamau maʻemaʻe meaʻai ʻāina ʻo ADI. Ua hoʻomohala mau ʻia ʻo CMC i ka māla meaʻai, a ua hoʻokō ʻia ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka noi ʻana o ka sodium carboxymethylcellulose i ka hana waina.
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka CMC i ka lāʻau lapaʻau
I ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka emulsion stabilizer no nā injections, kahi mea hoʻopili a me kahi mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni no nā papa. Ua hōʻoia kekahi poʻe ʻo CMC kahi mea lawe lāʻau anticancer palekana a hilinaʻi ma o nā hoʻokolohua kumu a me nā holoholona. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka CMC ma ke ʻano he membrane, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ke ʻano hoʻololi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau Kina ʻo Yangyin Shengji Powder, Yangyin Shengji Membrane, no nā ʻeha hana dermabrasion a me nā ʻeha traumatic. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hoʻohālike holoholona e pale ana ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni i ka maʻi ʻeha a ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi mai nā lole gauze. Ma ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ka exudation wai o ka ʻeha a me ka ho'ōla wikiwiki ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma mua o nā lole gauze, a loaʻa ka hopena o ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka edema postoperative a me ka ʻeha ʻeha. ʻO ka hoʻomākaukau kiʻiʻoniʻoni i hana ʻia me ka waiʻona polyvinyl: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose: polycarboxyethylene ma kahi ratio o 3: 6: 1 ʻo ia ka ʻōlelo kuhikuhi maikaʻi loa, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka adhesion a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana. ʻO ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka hoʻomākaukau, ka manawa noho o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i loko o ka waha waha a me ka maikaʻi o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia. ʻO ka Bupivacaine kahi lāʻau anesthetic kūloko ikaika, akā hiki i kekahi manawa ke hoʻopuka i nā hopena ʻaoʻao cardiovascular koʻikoʻi i ka wā i make ai. No laila, ʻoiai ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka bupivacaine i ka clinically, noiʻi e pili ana i ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i kāna mau mea ʻawaʻawa i uku mau ʻia. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina Pharmacological ʻo CIVIC ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokuʻu hoʻomau i hoʻokumu ʻia me ka solution bupivacaine hiki ke hoʻemi nui i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau. Ma ka hana PRK, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka tetracaine haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory non-steroidal i hui pū ʻia me CMC hiki ke hoʻomaha nui i ka ʻeha postoperative. ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā adhesions peritoneal postoperative a me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū kekahi o nā pilikia e pili ana i ka ʻoki kino. Ua hōʻike nā haʻawina he ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka CMC ma mua o ka sodium hyaluronate i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka postoperative peritoneal adhesions, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he ala kūpono e pale ai i ka hiki ʻana mai o nā adhesions peritoneal. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC i ka catheter hepatic arterial infusion o nā lāʻau anti-cancer no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi ate, hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa noho o nā lāʻau anti-cancer i nā ʻōpū, hoʻonui i ka mana anti-tumor, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena therapeutic. I loko o ka lāʻau lapaʻau holoholona, he nui ka hoʻohana ʻana o CMC. Ua hōʻike ʻia [5] ʻo ka instillation intraperitoneal o 1% CMC solution i nā hipa he hopena koʻikoʻi i ka pale ʻana i ka dystocia a me nā adhesions ʻōpū ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana i ka ʻāpana hānau i nā holoholona.
CMC i nā noi ʻoihana ʻē aʻe
I nā mea holoi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka CMC ma ke ʻano he anti-soil redeposition agent, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā lole fiber synthetic hydrophobic, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka carboxymethyl fiber.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC no ka pale ʻana i nā pūnāwai aila ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa lepo a me ka mea mālama paʻa wai i ka ʻeli ʻaila. He 2.3t no na luawai papau a me 5.6t no na luawai hohonu;
I ka ʻoihana textile, hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mea nui, he mānoanoa no ka paʻi ʻana a me ke kala ʻana i ka paʻi, ka paʻi lole a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka paʻakikī. Ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea nui, hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka solubility a me ka viscosity, a maʻalahi hoʻi i ka desizing; ma ke ʻano he mea paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka nui o kāna dosage ma luna o 95%; ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻano nui, hoʻomaikaʻi nui ʻia ka ikaika a me ka maʻalahi o ke kiʻi nui; me ka fibroin siliki i hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ʻO ka membrane composite i haku ʻia me ka carboxymethyl cellulose ua hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he matrix no ka immobilizing glucose oxidase, a ʻo ka glucose oxidase a me ka ferrocene carboxylate i hoʻopaʻa ʻole ʻia, a ʻo ka biosensor glucose i hana ʻia he kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻa. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina i ka wā i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ai ka silica gel homogenate me kahi hopena CMC me ka manaʻo o kahi o 1% (w/v), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana chromatographic o ka pā lole lahilahi i hoʻomākaukau ʻia. I ka manawa like, ʻo ka pā lahilahi i uhi ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka ikaika papa kūpono, kūpono no nā ʻano hana laʻana, maʻalahi e hana. Hoʻopili ka CMC i ka hapa nui o nā fibers a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pilina ma waena o nā fiber. Hiki i ke kūpaʻa o kona viscosity ke hōʻoia i ka kūlike o ka nui, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka pono o ka ulana. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopau no nā textiles, ʻoi aku hoʻi no ka hoʻopau anti-wrinkle mau loa, e lawe mai i nā loli lōʻihi i nā lole.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC ma ke ʻano he anti-sedimentation agent, emulsifier, dispersant, leveling agent, a me ka mea hoʻopili no nā uhi. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻike paʻa o ka uhi i loko o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe, i ʻole e delaminate ka uhi no ka manawa lōʻihi. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā pena. .
Ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC ma ke ʻano he flocculant, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o ka sodium gluconate i ka wehe ʻana i nā ion calcium. Ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka hoʻololi cation, hiki i kona hiki ke hoʻololi i ka 1.6 ml / g.
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohana pepa ma ka ʻoihana pepa, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka ikaika maloʻo a me ka ikaika pulu o ka pepa, a me ka pale ʻana i ka aila, absorption ink a me ka pale wai.
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC ma ke ʻano he hydrosol i nā mea hoʻonaninani a me kahi mānoanoa i ka toothpaste, a ʻo kāna dosage ma kahi o 5%.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo CMC e like me ka flocculant, chelating agent, emulsifier, thickener, ka mea mālama wai, sizing agent, film-forming material, etc., a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka uila, pesticides, ʻili, plastics, paʻi, keramika, toothpaste, i kēlā me kēia lā. kemika a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a ma muli o kāna hana maikaʻi loa a me ka laulā o ka hoʻohana ʻana, ke wehe mau nei ia i nā kahua noi hou, a ākea loa ka mākeke.
Hoʻomalu
(1) ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o kēia huahana me ka waikawa ikaika, alkali ikaika, a me nā ion metala kaumaha (e like me ka alumini, zinc, mercury, kala, hao, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) i contraindicated.
(2) ʻO ka ʻae ʻia o kēia huahana ʻo 0-25mg/kg·d.
Nā kuhikuhi
E hoʻohui pono i ka CMC me ka wai e hana i kahi kāmeʻa pasty no ka hoʻohana ʻana ma hope. I ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka CMC glue, e hoʻohui mua i kahi nui o ka wai maʻemaʻe i loko o ka pahu pahu me kahi mea hoʻouluulu, a i ka wā e hoʻohuli ʻia ai ka mea hoʻouluulu, kāpīpī mālie i ka CMC i loko o ka pahu batching, e hoʻoulu mau ana, i hui pū ʻia ka CMC. me ka wai, hiki i ka CMC ke hoʻoheheʻe piha. I ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka CMC, ʻo ke kumu e kāpīpī ʻia a hoʻoulu mau ʻia e "pale i nā pilikia o ka agglomeration, agglomeration, a hoʻemi i ka nui o ka CMC i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wā e hui ai ʻo CMC i ka wai", a e hoʻonui i ka helu hoʻoheheʻe o CMC. ʻAʻole like ka manawa no ka hoʻoulu ʻana me ka manawa no ka CMC e hoʻopau loa. ʻElua mau manaʻo. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka pōkole o ka manawa no ka hoʻoulu ʻana ma mua o ka manawa no ka CMC e hoʻopau loa. ʻO ka manawa i koi ʻia no nā mea ʻelua e pili ana i ke kūlana kikoʻī.
ʻO ke kumu no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka manawa hoʻouluulu: i ka manawa o kaCMCua hoʻopuehu like ʻia i loko o ka wai a ʻaʻohe ʻike ʻia nā puʻupuʻu nui, hiki ke hoʻōki i ka hoʻoulu ʻana, e ʻae i ka CMC a me ka wai e komo a hui pū kekahi me kekahi i kahi kūlana kū.
ʻO ke kumu no ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ka manawa i koi ʻia no ka CMC e hoʻoheheʻe loa ʻia penei:
(1) CMC a me ka wai ua paa loa, aole he paa-wai kaawale mawaena o na mea elua;
(2) ʻO ka paʻi hui ʻia i loko o kahi kūlana kūlike, a paʻa a paʻa ka ʻili;
(3) ʻO ka waihoʻoluʻu o ka paʻi hui ʻia kokoke i ke kala ʻole a me ke aniani, ʻaʻohe mea granular i loko o ka paʻi. Mai ka manawa i hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka CMC i loko o ka pahu pahu a hui pū ʻia me ka wai a hiki i ka wā e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ai ka CMC, ʻo ka manawa i koi ʻia ma waena o 10 a 20 mau hola.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Apr-26-2024