Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (tseem hu ua: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose,CMC, Carboxymethyl, Cellulose Sodium, Sodium ntsev ntawm Caboxy Methyl Cellulose) yog cov khoom siv dav tshaj plaws thiab siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no hom cellulose.
CMC-Na luv luv, yog cellulose derivative nrog cov piam thaj polymerization degree ntawm 100-2000, thiab cov txheeb ze molecular loj ntawm 242.16. Dawb fibrous los yog granular hmoov. Tsis muaj ntxhiab, tsis qab, tsis qab, hygroscopic, insoluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj organic.
Cov yam ntxwv yooj yim
1. Molecular qauv ntawm sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)
Nws yog thawj tsim los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees nyob rau hauv 1918, thiab nws twb patented nyob rau hauv 1921 thiab tshwm nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Kev tsim khoom lag luam txij li tau ua tiav hauv Tebchaws Europe. Lub sijhawm ntawd, nws tsuas yog cov khoom siv raw, siv los ua colloid thiab binder. Txij xyoo 1936 txog 1941, kev tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam ntawm sodium carboxymethyl cellulose tau ua haujlwm heev, thiab ntau qhov kev tshoov siab patent tau tsim. Thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees tau siv sodium carboxymethylcellulose hauv cov tshuaj detergents. Hercules tau ua sodium carboxymethylcellulose thawj zaug hauv Tebchaws Meskas hauv xyoo 1943, thiab tsim cov tshuaj sodium carboxymethylcellulose hauv xyoo 1946, uas tau lees paub tias yog khoom noj khoom haus zoo. kuv lub teb chaws pib txais yuav nws nyob rau xyoo 1970, thiab nws tau siv dav hauv xyoo 1990. Nws yog qhov siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cellulose hauv ntiaj teb niaj hnub no.
Cov qauv formula: C6H7O2 (OH) 2OCH2COONa Molecular formula: C8H11O7Na
Cov khoom no yog sodium ntsev ntawm cellulose carboxymethyl ether, ib qho anionic fiber
2. Cov tsos mob ntawm sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
Cov khoom no yog sodium ntsev ntawm cellulose carboxymethyl ether, anionic cellulose ether, dawb los yog milky dawb fibrous hmoov los yog granule, ceev 0.5-0.7 g / cm3, yuav luag odorless, tasteless, hygroscopic. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau disperse nyob rau hauv dej los tsim ib tug pob tshab colloidal tov, thiab yog insoluble nyob rau hauv cov organic solvents xws li ethanol [1]. pH ntawm 1% aqueous tov yog 6.5-8.5, thaum pH> 10 los yog <5, viscosity ntawm cov mucilage txo qis, thiab kev ua tau zoo yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws thaum pH = 7. Nyob ruaj khov rau cua sov, viscosity nce sai dua 20 ° C, thiab hloov maj mam ntawm 45 ° C. Lub sijhawm ntev cua sov siab tshaj 80 ° C tuaj yeem ua rau cov colloid thiab txo cov viscosity thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Nws yog yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv dej, thiab cov kua yog pob tshab; Nws yog qhov ruaj khov heev hauv cov tshuaj alkaline, tab sis nws yooj yim hydrolyzed thaum nws ntsib cov kua qaub, thiab nws yuav precipitate thaum pH tus nqi yog 2-3, thiab nws kuj yuav hnov mob nrog polyvalent hlau ntsev.
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb
Nws yog siv los ua cov thickener hauv kev lag luam khoom noj khoom haus, ua cov khoom siv tshuaj hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj, thiab ua cov ntawv khi thiab tiv thaiv tus neeg sawv cev hauv kev lag luam tshuaj txhua hnub. Hauv kev lag luam luam ntawv thiab dyeing, nws yog siv los ua ib qho kev tiv thaiv colloid rau sizing agents thiab luam ntawv pastes. Hauv kev lag luam petrochemical, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua ib feem ntawm cov roj rov qab ua kua dej. [2]
Kev tsis sib haum xeeb
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose yog incompatible nrog muaj zog acid daws, soluble hlau ntsev, thiab ib co lwm yam hlau xws li txhuas, mercury, thiab zinc. Thaum pH tsawg dua 2, thiab thaum sib xyaw nrog 95% ethanol, nag lossis daus yuav tshwm sim.
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose tuaj yeem tsim cov co-agglomerates nrog gelatin thiab pectin, thiab tuaj yeem tsim cov complexes nrog collagen, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov protein ntau zoo.
khoom siv tes ua
CMC feem ntau yog anionic polymer compound npaj los ntawm reacting natural cellulose nrog caustic alkali thiab monochloroacetic acid, nrog ib tug molecular hnyav ntawm 6400 (± 1 000). Cov khoom lag luam tseem ceeb yog sodium chloride thiab sodium glycolate. CMC belongs rau natural cellulose hloov. Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Khoom Noj thiab Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb ntawm United Nations (FAO) thiab Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb (WHO) tau hu ua nws "hloov cellulose".
Cov cim tseem ceeb los ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm CMC yog qib kev hloov pauv (DS) thiab purity. Feem ntau, cov khoom ntawm CMC txawv yog tias DS txawv; qhov siab dua qhov kev hloov pauv, qhov muaj zog dua qhov solubility, thiab qhov zoo dua qhov pom thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov tshuaj. Raws li cov lus ceeb toom, lub pob tshab ntawm CMC yog qhov zoo dua thaum qhov kev hloov pauv yog 0.7-1.2, thiab viscosity ntawm nws cov kua dej yog qhov loj tshaj plaws thaum pH tus nqi yog 6-9. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias nws qhov zoo, ntxiv rau kev xaiv tus neeg sawv cev etherification, qee yam uas cuam tshuam rau qib kev hloov pauv thiab purity yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab, xws li kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus nqi ntawm alkali thiab etherification tus neeg saib xyuas, lub sijhawm etherification, dej cov ntsiab lus hauv lub cev, qhov kub thiab txias, pH tus nqi, kev daws concentration thiab ntsev thiab lwm yam.
xwm txheej
Txhawm rau daws qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov khoom siv raw (cov paj rwb zoo ua los ntawm cov paj rwb), nyob rau xyoo tas los no, qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tshawb fawb hauv kuv lub teb chaws tau koom tes nrog cov lag luam kom siv cov nplej straw, av paj rwb (khoom siv paj rwb), thiab taum curd dregs los tsim CMC ua tiav. Tus nqi tsim khoom raug txo qis heev, uas qhib qhov chaw tshiab ntawm cov khoom siv raw rau CMC kev tsim khoom thiab paub txog kev siv cov peev txheej. Ntawm qhov tod tes, tus nqi tsim khoom raug txo, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, CMC tab tom txhim kho mus rau qhov siab dua. Kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm CMC feem ntau tsom rau kev hloov pauv ntawm cov cuab yeej tsim khoom uas twb muaj lawm thiab kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, nrog rau cov khoom tshiab CMC nrog cov khoom tshwj xeeb, xws li "txoj kev hnyav-slurry" [3] txheej txheem uas tau ua tiav kev tsim tawm txawv teb chaws thiab tau siv dav. Ib hom tshiab ntawm kev hloov kho CMC nrog kev ruaj ntseg siab yog tsim. Vim tias qib siab dua ntawm kev hloov pauv thiab kev faib tawm ntau dua ntawm cov khoom siv hloov pauv, nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ntau qhov chaw tsim khoom lag luam thiab kev siv ib puag ncig kom ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem siab dua. Thoob ntiaj teb, hom tshiab no hloov CMC tseem hu ua "polyanionic cellulose (PAC, Poly anionic cellulose)".
kev nyab xeeb
Kev ruaj ntseg siab, ADI tsis xav tau cov kev cai, thiab cov qauv hauv tebchaws tau tsim [4] .
daim ntawv thov
Cov khoom no muaj cov haujlwm ntawm kev khi, thickening, ntxiv dag zog, emulsifying, dej tuav thiab ncua kev kawm ntawv.
Kev siv CMC hauv zaub mov
FAO thiab WHO tau pom zoo siv CMC ntshiab hauv zaub mov. Nws tau pom zoo tom qab kev tshawb fawb thiab kev sim tshuaj lom neeg thiab tshuaj lom neeg nruj heev. Kev noj zaub mov zoo (ADI) ntawm tus qauv thoob ntiaj teb yog 25mg / (kg·d), uas yog kwv yees li 1.5 g / d rau ib tus neeg. Nws tau raug tshaj tawm tias qee tus neeg tsis muaj tshuaj lom thaum noj txog 10 kg. CMC tsis yog tsuas yog ib qho zoo emulsification stabilizer thiab thickener nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov zaub mov, tab sis kuj muaj zoo heev khov thiab melting stability, thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov tsw ntawm cov khoom thiab ntev lub sij hawm cia. Tus nqi siv hauv cov kua mis, dej khov, dej khov, jelly, dej haus, thiab cov kaus poom yog li 1% txog 1.5%. CMC kuj tuaj yeem tsim kom muaj kev ruaj khov emulsified dispersion nrog vinegar, soy sauce, zaub roj, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, gravy, zaub kua txiv, thiab lwm yam, thiab qhov ntau npaum li cas yog 0.2% mus rau 0.5%. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, nws muaj kev ua tau zoo emulsifying rau tsiaj thiab zaub roj, proteins thiab aqueous daws, ua kom nws tsim ib homogeneous emulsion nrog kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov. Vim tias nws txoj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab, nws qhov ntau npaum li cas tsis txwv los ntawm lub teb chaws cov khoom noj huv huv ADI. CMC tau tsim kho tsis tu ncua hauv cov khoom noj khoom haus, thiab kev tshawb fawb ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm sodium carboxymethylcellulose hauv cawv ntau lawm kuj tau ua.
Kev siv CMC hauv tshuaj
Hauv kev lag luam kws tshuaj, nws tuaj yeem siv los ua emulsion stabilizer rau kev txhaj tshuaj, cov ntawv khi thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab tsim rau cov ntsiav tshuaj. Qee cov neeg tau ua pov thawj tias CMC yog ib qho kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob los ntawm kev sim thiab tsiaj txhu. Siv CMC raws li cov khoom siv membrane, hloov kho daim ntawv ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj Yangyin Shengji Powder, Yangyin Shengji Membrane, tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua haujlwm dermabrasion qhov txhab thiab qhov txhab raug mob. Tsiaj cov qauv kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias cov yeeb yaj kiab tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntaub qhwv ntsej muag. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tswj cov ntaub so ntswg exudation thiab kho qhov txhab sai, zaj duab xis no zoo dua li cov ntaub qhwv ntsej muag, thiab muaj cov nyhuv ntawm kev txo qis tom qab phais thiab qhov txhab khaus. Kev npaj ua yeeb yaj kiab ua los ntawm polyvinyl cawv: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose: polycarboxyethylene ntawm qhov sib piv ntawm 3: 6: 1 yog qhov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws, thiab qhov adhesion thiab tso tawm tus nqi yog ob qho tib si nce. Lub adhesion ntawm kev npaj, lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kab noj hniav thiab cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov kev npaj yog tag nrho cov loj hlob tuaj. Bupivacaine yog ib qho tshuaj loog uas muaj zog hauv zos, tab sis qee zaum nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob plawv mob hnyav thaum muaj tshuaj lom. Yog li ntawd, thaum bupivacaine tau siv dav hauv kev kho mob, kev tshawb fawb txog kev tiv thaiv thiab kev kho mob ntawm nws cov tshuaj lom neeg ib txwm tau them nyiaj ntau dua. Cov kev tshawb fawb kws tshuaj tau pom tias CIVIC ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv-tso tawm cov tshuaj bupivacaine tuaj yeem txo cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj. Hauv kev phais PRK, kev siv cov tshuaj tetracaine qis thiab cov tshuaj tsis-steroidal anti-inflammatory siv nrog CMC tuaj yeem txo qhov mob tom qab phais. Kev tiv thaiv ntawm postoperative peritoneal adhesions thiab txo cov plab hnyuv ob leeg yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb tshaj plaws hauv kev kho mob phais. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias CMC yog qhov zoo dua li sodium hyaluronate hauv kev txo qis kev ua haujlwm tom qab peritoneal adhesions, thiab tuaj yeem siv los ua ib txoj hauv kev zoo los tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim ntawm peritoneal adhesions. CMC yog siv rau hauv catheter hepatic arterial infusion ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau kev kho mob ntawm daim siab mob qog noj ntshav, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm nyob ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov qog, txhim kho lub zog tiv thaiv qog, thiab txhim kho cov nyhuv kho. Hauv cov tshuaj tsiaj, CMC kuj muaj ntau yam kev siv. Nws tau raug tshaj tawm [5] tias intraperitoneal instillation ntawm 1% CMC tov rau ewes muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau kev tiv thaiv dystocia thiab plab adhesions tom qab kev phais mob hauv cov tsiaj nyeg.
CMC hauv lwm cov ntawv thov kev lag luam
Hauv cov tshuaj detergents, CMC tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev los tiv thaiv av, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau hydrophobic hluavtaws fiber ntau, uas zoo dua li carboxymethyl fiber ntau.
CMC tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv cov roj qhov dej ua cov av nkos stabilizer thiab dej tuav tus neeg sawv cev hauv cov roj drilling. Cov koob tshuaj rau txhua qhov dej yog 2.3t rau qhov dej ntiav thiab 5.6t rau qhov dej tob;
Hauv kev lag luam textile, nws yog siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev sizing, thickener rau luam ntawv thiab dyeing paste, textile printing thiab stiffening xov. Thaum siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev sizing, nws tuaj yeem txhim kho solubility thiab viscosity, thiab yooj yim rau desizing; Raws li tus neeg sawv cev khov kho, nws cov koob tshuaj ntau dua 95%; Thaum siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev sizing, lub zog thiab yoog raws ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab loj tau txhim kho zoo; Nrog regenerated silk fibroin Cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ke ntawm carboxymethyl cellulose yog siv los ua cov matrix rau immobilizing qabzib oxidase, thiab cov piam thaj oxidase thiab ferrocene carboxylate yog immobilized, thiab cov piam thaj biosensor ua tau siab dua thiab ruaj khov. Cov kev tshawb fawb tau pom tias thaum cov silica gel homogenate tau npaj nrog CMC kev daws teeb meem nrog qhov concentration ntawm li 1% (w / v), chromatographic kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov phaj nyias txheej yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nyias txheej phaj coated nyob rau hauv optimized tej yam kev mob muaj tsim nyog txheej zog, haum rau ntau yam sampling txheej txheem, yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam. CMC muaj adhesion rau feem ntau fibers thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm fibers. Qhov ruaj khov ntawm nws cov viscosity tuaj yeem ua kom muaj qhov sib xws ntawm qhov loj me, yog li kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sib tsoo. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev xov rau textiles, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov los tiv thaiv wrinkle, uas coj cov kev hloov ruaj khov rau cov ntaub.
CMC tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev tiv thaiv sedimentation, emulsifier, dispersant, leveling agent, thiab nplaum rau txheej. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txheej txheem sib npaug sib npaug hauv cov kuab tshuaj, kom cov txheej txheem tsis delaminate rau lub sijhawm ntev. Nws kuj yog siv dav hauv cov xim. .
Thaum CMC siv los ua flocculant, nws zoo dua li sodium gluconate hauv kev tshem cov calcium ions. Thaum siv los ua kev sib pauv cation, nws cov peev txheej pauv tuaj yeem ncav cuag 1.6 ml / g.
CMC yog siv los ua daim ntawv sizing tus neeg sawv cev hauv kev lag luam ntawv, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho lub zog qhuav thiab ntub dej ntawm daim ntawv, nrog rau cov roj tsis kam, cov kua dej nqus thiab dej tsis kam.
CMC yog siv los ua hydrosol hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab ua cov thickener hauv cov tshuaj txhuam hniav, thiab nws qhov ntau npaum li cas yog li 5%.
CMC tuaj yeem siv los ua flocculant, chelating tus neeg saib xyuas, emulsifier, thickener, dej tuav tus neeg saib xyuas, tus neeg saib xyuas qhov loj me, cov khoom siv ua yeeb yaj kiab, thiab lwm yam, thiab tseem siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, tshuaj tua kab, tawv, plastics, luam ntawv, ceramics, tshuaj txhuam hniav, tshuaj txhua hnub thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, thiab vim nws siv cov khoom lag luam zoo heev, kev vam meej thiab kev vam meej. dav dav heev.
Cov kev ceev faj
(1) Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom no nrog cov kua qaub, muaj zog alkali, thiab cov hlau hnyav (xws li txhuas, zinc, mercury, nyiaj, hlau, thiab lwm yam) yog contraindicated.
(2) Kev tso cai ntawm cov khoom no yog 0-25mg / kg·d.
Cov lus qhia
Sib tov CMC ncaj qha nrog dej los ua cov kua nplaum nplaum rau tom qab siv. Thaum configuring CMC kua nplaum, ua ntej ntxiv ib co dej huv rau hauv lub tank batching nrog ib tug stirring ntaus ntawv, thiab thaum lub stirring ntaus ntawv yog tig rau, maj mam thiab tusyees sprinkle CMC rau hauv lub tank batching, stirring tsis tu ncua, yog li ntawd lub CMC siab integrated nrog dej, CMC muaj peev xwm tag nrho yaj. Thaum dissolving CMC, yog vim li cas vim li cas nws yuav tsum tau sib npaug zos sprinkled thiab stirred tsis tu ncua yog "tiv thaiv cov teeb meem ntawm agglomeration, agglomeration, thiab txo tus nqi ntawm CMC yaj thaum CMC ntsib dej", thiab yuav ua rau kom lub dissolution tus nqi ntawm CMC. Lub sijhawm stirring tsis yog tib lub sijhawm rau CMC kom yaj tag. Lawv yog ob lub tswv yim. Feem ntau hais lus, lub sijhawm rau nplawm yog luv dua li lub sijhawm rau CMC kom yaj tag. Lub sijhawm xav tau rau ob leeg nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.
Lub hauv paus rau kev txiav txim siab lub sijhawm stirring yog: thaum lubCMCyog uniformly dispersed nyob rau hauv dej thiab tsis muaj teeb meem loj lumps, lub stirring yuav tsum tau nres, cia lub CMC thiab dej nkag mus rau hauv thiab fuse nrog ib leeg nyob rau hauv ib tug sawv ntsug.
Lub hauv paus rau kev txiav txim siab lub sijhawm xav tau rau CMC kom yaj tag nrho yog raws li hauv qab no:
(1) CMC thiab dej yog sib koom ua ke, thiab tsis muaj kev sib cais ntawm cov kua dej;
(2) Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke yog nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev sib xws, thiab nto yog tiaj thiab du;
(3) Cov xim ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw yog ze rau cov xim tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab, thiab tsis muaj cov khoom granular nyob rau hauv paste. Los ntawm lub sij hawm thaum CMC muab tso rau hauv lub tank batching thiab tov nrog dej mus rau lub sij hawm thaum CMC yog tiav lawm, lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau ntawm 10 mus rau 20 teev.
Post lub sij hawm: Apr-26-2024