A na-ejikarị ụdị admixtures a na-ejikarị ngwa agha, agwa ha, usoro arụmọrụ ha, usoro nke ihe a na-eme ngwa ngwa akpọnwụ. Mmezi mmegharị ahụ nke na-ejigide mmiri na-ejigide ether na starch ether, na-acha uhie uhie na-acha uhie uhie na arụmọrụ nke ngwa agha a gwakọtara agwakọta.
A na-eme ka ihe dị mkpa na-arụ ọrụ nke ụlọ akọrọ akpọnwụ, ma mgbakwunye nke ngwa agha a gwakọtara agwa Ihe eji eme ihe na ngwa agha akọrọ. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ndị na-emepụta ihe na-eweta amamihe dị ukwuu na ndị na-eweta ihe a na-enye nnukwu ihe. N'ihi ya, ọnụ ahịa ngwaahịa a kpọrọ nkụ ka dị elu, ọ na-esiri ike ịhazi masonry na ngwa ngwa na mpaghara dị iche iche; A na-achịkwa ngwaahịa ndị dị elu site na ndị na-emepụta ngwa-ngwa ngwa na-enwekarị uru dị ala na ndidi na-enweghị isi; E nwere enweghị usoro na ebumnuche ezubere maka itinye ọgwụ na ntinye ọgwụ, yana usoro nke mba ọzọ na-agbaso.
Dabere na ebumnuche ndị dị n'elu, nyocha akwụkwọ a ma jiri ụfọdụ ihe dị mkpa na-adọrọ adọrọ, yana na nke a, na-arụ ọrụ nke ngwaahịa ngwaahịa akọrọ na-eji Egosipụta Ngwaahịa.
1 mmiri na-ejigide
Mmiri na-ejigide onye na-elekọta mmiri bụ ihe dị mkpa iji melite arụmọrụ mmiri nke ngwa ngwa akpọnwụ akpọnwụ, ọ bụkwa otu n'ime ihe dị mkpa iji chọpụta ọnụ ahịa nke ihe ọkụkụ akọrọ.
1.
Hydroxypyl Methylcellose bụ okwu zuru oke maka usoro nke ngwaahịa ndị guzobere mmeghachi omume nke alkali Cellulose na onye nnọchi anya ụfọdụ. A na-eji ikike alkali dochie anya nke alkali dịgasị iche iche iji nweta ndị dị iche iche mkpụrụ osisi. Dabere na ihe ndị ionization nke ndị nọchiri anya ya, enwere ike ikewa eyers mkpụrụ osisi ụzọ abụọ: ionic (dị ka celloxyythyyythyythythythythythythythythythythythythythylythym Cellulose) na nke na-abụghị nke methy (dịka methy cellulose). Dika udiri udiri ihe eji eme ya, dika celluluse ether kelet (dika methy cellulose) ma gwakọta ether (dika hydropylthyl cellulose). Dabere na akụkụ dị iche iche, enwere ike ekewa n'ime mmiri celluble (nke dị ka ọnya afọ), nke aty celluble), na-agbanye mmiri na-agbanye mmiri, na soludup-soluble cellulase bụ ekewa na ụdị ngwa ngwa na elu a na-emeso usoro mgbasa.
Usoro ihe omume nke cellulose na ngwa agha dị ka ndị a:
(1) hydroxypylthylththththyth na-agbanye mmiri oyi, ọ ga-ezute ihe isi ike na mmiri ọkụ. Ma ọnọdụ okpomoku ya na mmiri ọkụ dị elu karịa nke methy cellulose. A na-akwalitekwa ngụgụ na mmiri oyi na-akwalite ya na methy cellulose.
(2) viscosity nke hydroxyl Methylcelllose metụtara oke molecular ya, na ibu oke molecular ibu, onye dị elu na viscosity. Ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na-emetụtakwa viscosity ya, dị ka ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na-abawanye, viscese belata. Agbanyeghị, viscosity ya dị elu nwere obere okpomọkụ karịa methy cellulose. Ngwọta ya kwụsiri ike mgbe echekwara na ụlọ okpomọkụ.
(3) Njikọ mmiri nke hydropyythylthythyth na-adabere na mgbakwunye ya, viscosity, na -achi anya ya n'okpuru otu mgbakwunye ahụ dị elu karịa nke methy cellulose.
(4) hydroxylthylthylthylthylthylthyllose bụ ọkaibe na acid na alkali, na ngwọta ya dị oke mma na oke nke pH = 2 ~ 12. Saustic Sọsda na Wayo Waime enweghị obere mmetụta na arụmọrụ ya, mana alkali nwere ike ime ka ọpụpụ ya ma mee ka ọ dịkwuo ọhụrụ. Hydroxypyl Methylcellose bụ nkwụsi ike na nnu, ma mgbe ịta nke nnu dị elu, viscosity hydroxypyl methylcellopy na-abawanye.
(5) hydroxyppropyythylthylthyl na-eji ọgwụ polmer na-adọkpụ na-etolite iji mepụta otu unifort na usoro visinity dị elu. Dị ka mmanya polyvinyl, stachi ether, ihe oriri na akwukwo nri, wdg.
(6) hydroxylthylthylthylthylcelllose nwere ike iguzogide elu karịa methylcellose, na ihe ngwọta ya agaghị emebi emebi site na enzymes karịa methylcellose.
(7) Nchọpụta nke hydroxyppropyythylthylthllopse ka ịgba ọkụ dị elu karịa nke methylcellose.
2. Methylcellose (mc)
Mgbe owu na-etichara alkali, sel sel sel na-emepụta site na mmeghachi omume na methane chloride dị ka onye ọrụ Ither. N'ozuzu, ogo nke nnọchi bụ 1.6 ~ 2.0, na solubity dịkwa iche na ogo dị iche iche nke dochie. Ọ bụ nke na-abụghị ionic ether.
(1) Methylcellose na-soluble na mmiri oyi, ọ ga-esikwa ike ịgbari na mmiri ọkụ. Ngwọta ya dị oke mma na mpaghara PH = 3 ~ 12. Ọ nwere ezigbo ndakọrịta na stachi, Guar chịm, wdg na ọtụtụ fromsactants. Mgbe ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na-erute okpomọkụ ahụ, gelation emee.
(2) Ibelata mmiri nke methyl cellulose na-adabere na mgbakwunye ya, viscosity, urughuru na ọnụego ya. N'ozuzu, ọ bụrụ na mgbakwunye ego buru ibu, ọ dị obere, na viscosis buru ibu, ọnụ ọgụgụ njigide mmiri dị elu. N'etiti ha, ego nke mgbakwunye nwere mmetụta kachasị ukwuu na ụzọ mbelata mmiri, yana ọkwa viscosity abụghị nke dabara na ọkwa nke mmiri iji. Ọnụego mgbasa efe si na-adabere na ogo mgbanwe nke mkpụrụ osisi cellulose na urughuru. N'etiti ndị dị n'elu Cellers dị n'elu, methyl cellulose na hydroxyl methyl methyl cellulose nwere ọnụego mmiri dị elu.
(3) Mgbanwe na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ ga-emetụta oke mmiri nke methyl cellulose. N'ozuzu, elu okpomọkụ, nke na-akacha njọ mmiri. Ọ bụrụ na mgbochi okpomọkụ karịrị 40 Celsius C, njigide mmiri nke methy cellulose ga-ebelata, na-emetụta oke owuwe ihe ngwa agha.
(4) methyl cellulose nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na owuwu na ngwa agha. "Adhesion" ebe a na-ezo aka na ike ọrụ dị n'etiti ngwaọrụ ndị ọrụ onye ọrụ na mkpụrụ mgbidi, ya bụ, na-emegide ya na ngwa agha nke ngwa agha. Ndozi ahụ dị elu, nke a na-achọ ka ndị ọrụ na-ahụ maka ọrụ buru ibu, na owuru arụ ọrụ nke ngwa agha ahụ dara ogbenye. Methyl Cellulose na-eme na ọkwa na-agafe agafe ngwaahịa ether.
3. Hydroxyethylcellose (HEC)
A na-eme ya site na owu nụchara anụcha na alkali na-emeso Alkali, ma meghachi omume na Ethlene Oxi dị ka onye ọrụ Itherification n'ihu acetone. Ogo nke dochie anya ya bụ 1.5 ~ 2.0. O nwere hydrophilicy siri ike ma dịkwa mfe ịnabata mmiri.
(1) hydroxyethythyythythythythyth celluble na mmiri oyi, mana o siri ike igbari na mmiri ọkụ. Ngwọta ya kwụsiri ike na oke okpomọkụ na-enweghị gellling. Enwere ike iji ya ruo ogologo oge dị elu okpomọkụ na ngwa ọgụ ya dị ala karịa nke methy cellulose.
(2) hydroxyethyth cellulose bụ kwụsie ike na acid na alkali. Alkali nwere ike mee ngwa ngwa mgbasa ma nwekwuo mmụba na viscosity. Mgbasa ya na mmiri dị oke njọ karịa nke methy cellulose na hydroxypyl methyl cellulose. .
(3) hydroxyethythyythythythythythyth cellulose nwere ezigbo mgbochi SAG dịịrị maka ngwa agha, mana ọ nwere oge azụ oge maka ciment.
(4) arụmọrụ nke celdroxyethyth se cel cellulose dị ala karịa nke ụlọ ọrụ methy sellose n'ihi ọdịnaya mmiri ya dị elu na ọdịnaya dị elu.
Stachi
A na-eji ndị na-a e setịrị na-eme ka ndị agha jupụtara na polymers sitere n'okike nke polysiccharides. Dịka nduku, ọka, cassava, guar agwa na ndị ọzọ.
1. Ntughari stachi
Starch na nduku, ọka, cassava, wdg. N'ihi mgbanwe dị iche iche, nkwụsi ike iji acid na alkali dị iche. Fọdụ ngwaahịa dị mma maka iji ígwè gypsum-nke gypsum, ebe enwere ike iji ndị ọzọ na mgbawa akwara. A na-eji ngwa nke starch ether na-eji dị ka nke ukwu iji meziwanye akụ nke ngwa agha, belata ndọlite nke mgbochi mmiri, wee mee ka oge mmeghe mmiri.
A na-ejikarị eyers stach na-ejikarị ya na sellọ, nke mere na akụrụngwa na uru ngwaahịa ndị abụọ a na-emekọ ibe ha. Ebe ọ bụ na starch ether dị nnọọ ọnụ ala karịa cell, ngwa nke stachi na ngwa agha ga-eweta nnukwu mbelata nke ọnụego mgbachi.
2. Guar gum Ether
Guar gum Ether bụ ụdị stachi na akụrụngwa pụrụ iche, nke agbanweela site na agwa Guar. Site na mmeghachi omume nke Guar Gum na acrylic otu, ihe owuwu nwere ihe omume 2-hydroxypypyl na-etolite, nke bụ ihe na-eme polygacmacomanose.
(1) Tụnyere onye na-akụ sel, Guar gum eut ether na-abụkarị mmiri. Njirimara nke ATH GRAR ATS bụ ihe na-enweghị isi.
(2) N'okpuru ọnọdụ viscosity dị ala na obere usoro, Guar chịm nwere ike dochie celsilose na nha nha, ma nwee njigide mmiri yiri ya. Mana agbanwe agbanwe, mgbochi Sag, ThixOtropy na yabụ o doro anya na ọ ka mma.
(3) N'okpuru ọnọdụ nke viscosity na nnukwu onunu ogwu, Guar chịm enweghị ike dochie seligul ether, na ojiji ejikọtara ọnụ nke abụọ ahụ ga-arụ ọrụ ka mma.
(4) Ngwa nke Guam chịngọm na mgbanye gypsum nke nwere ike wedata ndọnye ya n'oge owuwu ma mee ka owuwe ihe owuwu. O nweghi mmetụta ojoo na oge idozi na ike nke ngwa agha gypsium.
3.
Ahịhịa mmiri na-ejigide na-ejigide ihe eji emepụta ihe site na ndagide na ngwakọ etinyere na China. Isi ihe eji eme ka mmiri na - ejide mmiri bụ: Seperilite, BenTMorilonite, mintmorillonite, ndị a na - ejigide ụfọdụ mmiri site na mgbanwe ndị a dị ka ndị na - eme mgbanwe. Kinddị mmiri a - na-ejigide thitener etinyere na ngwa agha nwere njiri ndị a.
(1) Ọ nwere ike ime ka arụmọrụ nke ngwa agha nkịtị, ma dozie nsogbu nke ịrụ ọrụ nke nkụda mmụọ, ike nke jụrụ, na nguzogide mmiri.
(2) Ngwaahịa dị iche iche nke nwere ike dị iche iche maka ọkwa dị iche iche maka ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe niile na ndị obodo.
(3) Ọnụ ego a na-akwụ dị ala karịa nke cellulose ether na stachi.
(4) Njide mmiri dị ala karịa nke mmiri ụdị mmiri ahụ, a na-emebi ihe nke ngwa agha kwadebere buru ibu, na-ebelata njikọta.
Ntughari polot
A na-ahazi ntụ ntụ roba site na ịgba ọkụ nke polymer pụrụ iche. Na usoro nhazi, nchebe na-echebe, na-egbu mgbu, wdg. Mpempe akwụkwọ ntụ ntụ mmiri a mịrị amị bụ ụfọdụ ihe ndị dị n'okpuru 80 ~ 100mm chikọtara ọnụ. A na-agbanye irighiri ihe ndị a na mmiri ma na-etolite ma nwekwaa mmachi dị ukwuu karịa ihe emulsion mbụ. Mgbasa a ga-etolite ihe nkiri mgbe akpịrị na-egbu egbu. Ihe nkiri a dị ka ndị na-agbagha agbagha dị ka usoro ihe nkiri emulsion, ma ọ gaghị emegharị mgbe ọ na-ezute mmiri. Chụsasị.
Enwere ike kewaa ntụ ntụ roba na-acha uhie uhie na: cyrene-contronin coplonion, carboniary-bọọdụ, silicone na nke a, silicone laurate, wdg. A na-anyadokwa iji meziwanye arụmọrụ. Usoro mgbanwe dị iche iche na-eme ka ntụ ntụ na-achagharị agbanwe agbanwe dị ka ihe dị iche iche dị ka mmiri na-eguzogide, na-eguzogide na mgbanwe ihu igwe. Nwere vinyl reurate na silicone, nke nwere ike ime ntụ ntụ ahụ nwere ezigbo hydrophodicity. Ahịhịa ụlọ carbonate nke ukwuu na ezigbo TG dị ala na ezigbo mgbanwe.
Mgbe a na-etinye ụdị ntụ ntụ nke roba ndị a, ha niile nwere mmetụta na-egbu oge na oge nrụzi, mana nsonaazụ oge na-egbu oge dị obere karịa nke itinye ya na ntinye nke emulsions. Tụnyere, Stryrene-Beedine nwere mmetụta na-arụ ọrụ nke ukwuu, na ethylene-vinyl-vinyl nwere mmetụta dị nta nke ọma. Ọ bụrụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ dị obere, mmetụta nke imezi arụmọrụ nke ngwa agha apụtaghị.
Oge Post: Apr-03-2023