1.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)bụ ihe dị mkpa cellulose ether, nke a na-ejikarị arụ ọrụ, ọgwụ, nri, ihe ịchọ mma na ubi ndị ọzọ. HPMC nwere ezigbo mkpụkọ, imepụta ihe nkiri, emulsifying, nkwusioru na njigide mmiri, yabụ na ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ. Mmepụta nke HPMC na-adabere na usoro mgbanwe kemịkalụ. N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, site na ọganihu nke nkà na ụzụ biotechnology, ụzọ mmepụta nke dabeere na microbial gbaa ụka amalitewokwa ịdọrọ uche.
2. Ụkpụrụ mmepụta nke Fermentation nke HPMC
Usoro mmepụta HPMC ọdịnala na-eji cellulose eke eme ihe dị ka akụrụngwa na-emepụta site na usoro kemịkalụ dị ka alkalization, etherification na refining. Otú ọ dị, usoro a na-agụnye nnukwu ihe mgbaze organic na reagents chemical, nke nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na gburugburu ebe obibi. Ya mere, ojiji nke microbial gbaa ụka synthesize cellulose na n'ihu etherify ya aghọwo a ọzọ gburugburu ebe obibi enyi na enyi na-adigide mmepụta usoro.
Ngwakọta microbial nke cellulose (BC) bụ isiokwu na-ekpo ọkụ n'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya. Bacteria gụnyere Komagataeibacter (dị ka Komagataeibacter xylinus) na Gluconacetobacter nwere ike na-emepụta cellulose dị ọcha ozugbo site na gbaa ụka. Nje bacteria ndị a na-eji glucose, glycerol ma ọ bụ carbon carbon ndị ọzọ dị ka ihe na-emepụta ihe, na-agba ọkụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ kwesịrị ekwesị, ma na-ezobe cellulose nanofibers. Enwere ike ịgbanwe cellulose nje bacteria na-akpata na HPMC mgbe mgbanwe hydroxypropyl na methylation gasịrị.
3. Usoro mmepụta
3.1 Usoro ịgba ụka nke cellulose nje
Nkwalite nke usoro ịgba ụka dị oke mkpa iji melite mkpụrụ na ịdị mma nke cellulose nje. Nzọụkwụ ndị bụ isi bụ ndị a:
Nlele ule na ịkụ ihe: Họrọ ụdị cellulose na-emepụta ihe dị elu, dị ka Komagataeibacter xylinus, maka ụlọ na njikarịcha.
Usoro ịgba ụka: Nye ihe ndị na-emepụta carbon (glucose, sucrose, xylose), isi iyi nitrogen (nyocha yist, peptone), nnu inorganic (phosphates, salts magnesium, wdg) na ndị na-achịkwa (acetic acid, citric acid) iji kwalite uto nje na njikọ cellulose.
Njikwa ọnọdụ ịgba ụka: gụnyere okpomọkụ (28-30 ℃), pH (4.5-6.0), agbazekwa oxygen larịị (akpalite ma ọ bụ static omenala), wdg.
Mkpokọta na ime ka ọ dị ọcha: Mgbe gbaa ụka, a na-anakọta cellulose nke nje bacteria site na nzacha, ịsacha, ihicha na usoro ndị ọzọ, na-ewepụ nje bacteria na ihe ndị ọzọ adịghị ọcha.
3.2 Hydroxypropyl methylation mgbanwe nke cellulose
Cellulose nje bacteria enwetara kwesịrị ka a gbanwee ya na kemịkalụ iji nye ya njirimara HPMC. Nzọụkwụ ndị bụ isi bụ ndị a:
Ọgwụgwọ Alkalinization: gbanye na ngwọta NaOH kwesịrị ekwesị iji gbasaa agbụ cellulose ma melite ọrụ mmeghachi omume nke etherification na-esote.
Mmeghachi omume etherification: n'okpuru ọnọdụ okpomọkụ kpọmkwem na ọnọdụ catalytic, tinye propylene oxide (hydroxypropylation) na methyl chloride (methylation) iji dochie otu cellulose hydroxyl iji mepụta HPMC.
Neutralization na nnụcha: neutralize na acid mgbe mmeghachi omume iji wepụ kemịkalụ reagents na-emeghị eme, ma nweta ngwaahịa ikpeazụ site na ịsacha, nzacha na ihicha.
Nchicha na grading: gwepịa HPMC n'ime ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị dabara na nkọwapụta, wee kpuchie ma kpokọta ha dịka akara ule viscosity dị iche iche.
4. Teknụzụ isi na atụmatụ kachasị mma
Mmụba nke eriri: kwalite mkpụrụ cellulose na ịdị mma site na injinia mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke ụdị microbial.
Nkwalite usoro ịgba ụka: jiri bioreactors maka njikwa ike iji kwalite nrụpụta cellulose.
Usoro etherification nke akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ: belata iji ihe mgbaze organic wee mepụta teknụzụ etherification na gburugburu ebe obibi, dị ka mgbanwe mgbanwe enzyme catalytic.
Njikwa ogo ngwaahịa: site n'ịtụle ogo ngbanwe, solubility, viscosity na ihe ngosi ndị ọzọ nke HPMC, hụ na ọ na-emezu ihe achọrọ.
The gbaa ụka dabeereHPMCusoro mmepụta nwere uru nke ịbụ mmeghari ohuru, enyi na gburugburu ebe obibi na ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma, nke kwekọrọ na usoro nke kemịkalụ ndụ ndụ na mmepe na-adịgide adịgide. Site na ọganihu nke biotechnology, a na-atụ anya na nkà na ụzụ a ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ dochie usoro ọgwụ ọdịnala ma kwalite ngwa ngwa nke HPMC n'akụkụ ihe owuwu, nri, ọgwụ, wdg.
Oge nzipu: Eprel 11-2025