Kedu ọrụ nke onye na-ejigide mmiri agwakọta n'ime ihe ntụ ntụ gypsum?
Azịza: plasta gypsum, gypsum bonded, caulking gypsum, gypsum putty na ihe ndị ọzọ na-ewu ntụ ntụ na-eji. Iji mee ka owuwu dị mfe, a na-agbakwunye gypsum retarders n'oge mmepụta ka ogologo oge owuwu nke gypsum slurry dị ogologo. A na-agbakwunye retarder iji gbochie usoro hydration nke gypsum hemihydrate. Ụdị gypsum slurry dị otú a kwesịrị ka edobe ya na mgbidi maka 1 ruo 2 awa tupu ya emee, na ọtụtụ n'ime mgbidi ahụ nwere ihe mgbapụta mmiri, karịsịa mgbidi brik, gbakwunyere mgbidi ikuku-concrete, mbadamba mkpuchi mkpuchi na ihe ndị ọzọ dị arọ nke mgbidi mgbidi, ya mere, gypsum slurry kwesịrị ịdị na-edobe mmiri iji gbochie akụkụ nke mmiri dị mkpirikpi mgbe ị na-ebufe mmiri n'ime mgbidi ahụ, na-ebufe mgbidi ahụ. gypsum slurry na-esi ike na enweghị mmiri mmiri. N'ụzọ zuru ezu, na-eme ka nkewa na nsị nke nkwonkwo n'etiti plasta na mgbidi elu. Ihe mgbakwunye nke onye na-ejigide mmiri bụ iji nọgide na-enwe mmiri dị na gypsum slurry, iji hụ na mmeghachi omume hydration nke gypsum slurry na interface, iji hụ na ike njikọ. Ndị na-eji mmiri na-ejigide ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ cellulose ethers, dị ka: methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC), wdg Na mgbakwunye, polyvinyl mmanya, sodium alginate, gbanwetụrụ starch, diatomaceous ụwa, obere ụwa ntụ ntụ, wdg nwekwara ike iji mee ihe iji melite mmiri rejide.
N'agbanyeghị ụdị onye na-ejigide mmiri nwere ike igbu oge ọnụego hydration nke gypsum na ogo dị iche iche, mgbe ọnụọgụ nke retarder na-agbanweghị agbanwe, onye na-ejide mmiri nwere ike ịlaghachi azụ maka nkeji 15-30. Ya mere, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke retarder nwere ike belata nke ọma.
Kedu usoro ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị nke onye na-ejigide mmiri na ihe gypsum ntụ ntụ?
Azịza: A na-ejikarị ndị na-ejigide mmiri eme ihe na-ewu ntụ ntụ dị ka plasta gypsum, bonding gypsum, caulking gypsum, na gypsum putty. N'ihi na ụdị gypsum a na-ejikọta ya na retarder, nke na-egbochi usoro hydration nke hemihydrate gypsum, ọ dị mkpa iji mee ọgwụgwọ njigide mmiri na gypsum slurry iji gbochie akụkụ nke mmiri dị na slurry na-ebufe na mgbidi, na-akpata ụkọ mmiri na ezughị ezu hydration mgbe gypsum siri ike. Ihe mgbakwunye nke onye na-ejigide mmiri bụ iji nọgide na-enwe mmiri dị na gypsum slurry, iji hụ na mmeghachi omume hydration nke gypsum slurry na interface, iji hụ na ike njikọ.
Usoro ọgwụgwọ ya bụ 0.1% ruo 0.2% (ọnụọgụ maka gypsum), mgbe a na-eji gypsum slurry mee ihe n'elu mgbidi nwere mmiri mmiri siri ike (dị ka ihe aerated, mbadamba ihe mkpuchi perlite, gypsum blocks, brik mgbidi, wdg), na Mgbe ị na-akwadebe bonding gypsum, caulking gypsum waterplasting, surface amounting gypsum. Onye nnọchi anya kwesịrị ibu ibu (n'ozuzu 0.2% ruo 0.5%).
Ihe ndị na-ejigide mmiri dị ka methyl cellulose (MC) na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) bụ oyi-soluble, ma ha ga-etolite lumps na mbido mbụ mgbe agbazere ha ozugbo na mmiri. Onye na-edobe mmiri kwesịrị ka a gwakọta ya na ntụ ntụ gypsum ka ọ gbasaa. Kwadebe n'ime ntụ ntụ akọrọ; tinye mmiri na nwuo, ka guzoro maka nkeji 5, kpalie ọzọ, mmetụta dị mma. Otú ọ dị, e nwere ugbu a cellulose ether ngwaahịa nwere ike ịgbaze ozugbo na mmiri, ma ha nwere obere mmetụta na mmepụta nke akọrọ ntụ ntụ ngwa agha.
Kedu ka onye na-ekpuchi mmiri si arụ ọrụ mgbochi mmiri n'ime ahụ gypsum siri ike?
Azịza: Ụdị ihe mgbochi mmiri dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ mmiri na-adịghị na gypsum siri ike dị ka usoro dị iche iche si arụ ọrụ. N'ụzọ bụ isi, enwere ike ịchịkọta ya n'ụzọ anọ ndị a:
(1) Belata solubility nke gypsum siri ike anụ ahụ, mụbaa ọnụọgụ nro, wee gbanwee calcium sulfate dihydrate nke nwere nnukwu solubility n'ime ahụ siri ike ka ọ bụrụ nnu calcium na obere solubility. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-agbakwunye fatty acid saponified nke nwere C7-C9, a na-agbakwunyekwa ngwa ngwa ngwa ngwa na ammonium borate n'otu oge.
(2) Mepụta oyi akwa ihe nkiri na-adịghị egbochi mmiri iji gbochie pores capillary dị mma na ahụ siri ike. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịgwakọta emulsion paraffin, emulsion asphalt, rosin emulsion na paraffin-rosin composite emulsion, mma asphalt composite emulsion, wdg.
(3) Gbanwee ike elu nke ahụ siri ike, nke mere na mkpụrụ ndụ mmiri na-ejikọta ọnụ ma ghara ịbanye n'ime ọwa capillary. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na-etinye ihe ndị na-egbochi mmiri silicone dị iche iche, gụnyere mmanụ silicone emulsified dị iche iche.
(4) Site na mkpuchi dị n'èzí ma ọ bụ ntinye iji kewapụ mmiri ka ọ ghara ịbanye n'ime ọwa capillary nke ahụ siri ike, a pụrụ iji ihe dị iche iche na-ekpuchi mmiri silicone. Silicone ndị na-eme mgbaze dị mma karịa silicones nke mmiri, mana nke mbụ na-eme ka ikuku gas nke gypsum siri ike agbadala.
Ọ bụ ezie na a pụrụ iji ihe dị iche iche na-ekpuchi mmiri na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịdị na-eme ka ihe ndị dị na gypsum dịkwuo mma n'ụzọ dị iche iche, gypsum ka bụ ihe gelling na-eme ka ikuku na-eme ka ikuku dị ike, nke na-adabaghị maka n'èzí ma ọ bụ ogologo oge iru mmiri na gburugburu ebe obibi, ọ dịkwa mma maka gburugburu ebe obibi na-agbanwe agbanwe mmiri na ọnọdụ akọrọ.
Kedu ihe bụ mgbanwe nke ụlọ gypsum site na onye na-ekpuchi mmiri?
Azịza: E nwere ụzọ abụọ isi eme ihe nke onye na-ekpuchi mmiri gypsum: otu bụ ịbawanye ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nro site n'ibelata solubility, na nke ọzọ bụ iji belata ọnụego mmịpụta mmiri nke ihe gypsum. Na ibelata mmịpụta mmiri nwere ike ime site na akụkụ abụọ. Otu bụ ịbawanye nchikota nke gypsum siri ike, ya bụ, iji belata mmịnye mmiri nke gypsum site n'ibelata porosity na ọkpụkpụ nhazi, iji mee ka mmiri na-eguzogide mmiri nke gypsum. Nke ọzọ bụ ịbawanye ike elu nke gypsum ahụ siri ike, ya bụ, iji belata mmịnye mmiri nke gypsum site n'ime ka oghere ahụ ghọọ ihe nkiri hydrophobic.
Ndị na-egbochi mmiri na-ebelata porosity na-ekere òkè site na igbochi pores dị mma nke gypsum na ịba ụba nke gypsum ahụ. Enwere ọtụtụ admixtures maka ibelata porosity, dị ka: paraffin emulsion, asphalt emulsion, rosin emulsion na paraffin asphalt composite emulsion. Ndị na-ekpuchi mmiri ndị a dị irè n'ibelata porosity nke gypsum n'okpuru usoro nhazi kwesịrị ekwesị, ma n'otu oge ahụ, ha nwekwara mmetụta ọjọọ na ngwaahịa gypsum.
Ihe kachasị mma nke mmiri na-agbanwe ike nke elu bụ silicone. Ọ nwere ike ịbanye n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke ọ bụla, gbanwee ike elu n'ime otu ogologo ogologo oge, ma si otú ahụ gbanwee akụkụ kọntaktị na mmiri, na-eme ka ụmụ irighiri mmiri na-agbakọta ọnụ iji mepụta ụmụ irighiri mmiri, gbochie infiltration nke mmiri, nweta nzube nke waterproofing, na n'otu oge ahụ na-ejigide Air permeability nke plasta. The iche nke ụdị waterproofing gị n'ụlọnga tumadi na-agụnye: sodium methyl siliconate, silicone resin, emulsified silicone mmanụ, wdg N'ezie, nke a waterproofing gị n'ụlọnga na-achọ na dayameta nke pores nwere ike ịbụ oke ibu, na n'otu oge ahụ ọ pụghị iguzogide infiltration nke nrụgide mmiri, na ike fundamentally dozie ogologo oge waterproof na mmiri-àmà nsogbu nke gypsum ngwaahịa.
Ndị na-eme nchọpụta n'ime ụlọ na-eji usoro nke ijikọta ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe, ya bụ, dabere na organic emulsion waterproofing agent nke enwetara site na co-emulsification nke polyvinyl mmanya na stearic acid, na-agbakwunye nkume alum, naphthalenesulfonate aldehyde condensate Ụdị ọhụrụ nke gypsum composite waterproofing agent na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịdị na-edozi nnu. Enwere ike ịgwakọta onye na-ekpuchi mmiri gypsum mejupụtara ya na gypsum na mmiri, sonye na usoro kristal nke gypsum, wee nweta mmetụta mgbochi mmiri ka mma.
Kedu ihe mgbochi mgbochi nke onye na-egbochi mmiri silane na efflorescence na ngwa agha gypsum?
Azịza: (1) Mgbakwunye nke mmiri na-ekpuchi mmiri silane nwere ike ibelata ogo efflorescence nke gypsum mortar, na ogo nke mgbochi efflorescence nke gypsum mortar na-abawanye na mmụba nke mgbakwunye silane n'ime ebe ụfọdụ. Mmetụta mgbochi nke silane na 0.4% silane dị mma, yana mmetụta mgbochi ya na-eme ka ọ kwụsie ike mgbe ego karịrị ego a.
(2) Mgbakwunye nke silane ọ bụghị naanị na-etolite oyi akwa hydrophobic n'elu ngwa agha iji gbochie intrusion nke mmiri dị n'èzí, ma na-ebelata mbịambịa nke lye dị n'ime ka ọ na-emepụta efflorescence, nke na-eme ka mmetụta mgbochi nke efflorescence dịkwuo mma.
(3) Ọ bụ ezie na mgbakwunye na silane budata inhibits efflorescence, ọ dịghị mmetụta ọjọọ na n'ibu Njirimara nke ulo oru site-product gypsum ngwa agha, na ọ dịghị emetụta guzobe nke esịtidem Ọdịdị na ikpeazụ ibu ikike nke ulo oru site-product gypsum akọrọ-mix ụlọ ihe.
Oge nzipu: Nov-22-2022