Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) bụ polymer na-abụghị ionic, mmiri na-edozi mmiri nke sitere na cellulose, polymer eke dị na mgbidi cell nke osisi. A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ọgwụ, ihe ịchọ mma, agba, na adhesives, n'ihi na ọ na-eme ka ọ dị mma, na-emepụta ihe nkiri, na rheological Njirimara. Nkwadebe nke hydroxyethyl cellulose gụnyere etherification nke cellulose na ethylene oxide n'okpuru ọnọdụ alkaline. Enwere ike ịgbaji usoro a n'ime usoro dị iche iche: nhicha cellulose, alkalization, etherification, neutralization, ịsacha na ihicha.
1. Cellulose ọcha
Nzọụkwụ mbụ n'ime nkwadebe nke hydroxyethyl cellulose bụ nchacha nke cellulose, nke a na-esite na pulp osisi ma ọ bụ akwa owu. Cellulose nke raw nwere ihe adịghị ọcha dị ka lignin, hemicellulose, na ihe ndị ọzọ na-amịpụta nke a ga-ewepụrịrị iji nweta cellulose dị ọcha dị elu kwesịrị ekwesị maka mgbanwe kemịkal.
Usoro ndị metụtara:
Nhazi igwe: A na-ahazi cellulose raw raw n'usoro iji wedata nha ya ma bulie elu ya, na-eme ka ọgwụgwọ kemịkalụ na-esote.
Ọgwụgwọ kemịkalụ: A na-eji kemịkalụ dị ka sodium hydroxide (NaOH) na sodium sulfite (Na2SO3) mebie lignin na hemicellulose, na-esochi ya na ịsacha na ịcha ọcha iji wepụ ihe ndị fọdụrụnụ wee nweta cellulose ọcha, fibrous.
2. Alkalization
A na-emezi cellulose dị ọcha iji mee ka ọ rụọ ọrụ maka mmeghachi omume etherification. Nke a na-agụnye iji ngwọta mmiri nke sodium hydroxide agwọ cellulose.
Mmeghachi omume:
Cellulose+NaOH→Alkali cellulose
Usoro:
A kwụsịrị cellulose na mmiri, a na-agbakwunye ngwọta sodium hydroxide. Ntinye uche nke NaOH na-adịkarị site na 10-30%, na mmeghachi omume a na-eme na okpomọkụ n'etiti 20-40 Celsius.
A na-akpali ngwakọta ahụ iji hụ na absorption nke alkali dị n'otu, na-eduga n'ịmepụta alkali cellulose. Nke etiti a na-emeghachi omume karịa ethylene oxide, na-eme ka usoro etherification dị mfe.
3. Etherification
Nzọụkwụ bụ isi na nkwadebe nke hydroxyethyl cellulose bụ etherification nke alkali cellulose na ethylene oxide. Mmeghachi omume a na-ewebata otu hydroxyethyl (-CH2CH2OH) n'ime ọkpụkpụ azụ cellulose, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ mmiri soluble.
Mmeghachi omume:
Alkali cellulose+Ethylene oxide→Hydroxyethyl cellulose+NaOH
Usoro:
A na-agbakwunye ethylene oxide na cellulose alkali, ma ọ bụ na nhazi ma ọ bụ na-aga n'ihu. A na-eme mmeghachi omume ahụ na autoclave ma ọ bụ ihe nrụpụta nrụgide.
Ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume, gụnyere okpomọkụ (50-100 Celsius) na nrụgide (1-5 atm), na-ejikwa nlezianya na-achịkwa iji hụ na ngbanwe kachasị mma nke otu hydroxyethyl. Ogo nnọchi anya (DS) na nnọchi molar (MS) bụ oke dị egwu na-emetụta njirimara ngwaahịa ikpeazụ.
4. Neutralization
Mgbe mmeghachi omume etherification gasịrị, ngwakọta nwere hydroxyethyl cellulose na sodium hydroxide fọdụrụnụ. Nzọụkwụ na-esote bụ nnọpụiche, ebe a na-ewepụ oke alkali site na iji acid, nke na-abụkarị acetic acid (CH3COOH) ma ọ bụ hydrochloric acid (HCl).
Mmeghachi omume:NaOH+HCl→NaCl+H2O
Usoro:
A na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ tinye acid na ngwakọta mmeghachi omume n'okpuru ọnọdụ a na-achịkwa iji zere oke okpomọkụ ma gbochie mmebi nke hydroxyethyl cellulose.
A na-edobe ngwakọta neutralized na pH iji hụ na ọ dị n'ime oke achọrọ, na-adịkarị gburugburu pH na-anọpụ iche (6-8).
5. Ịsacha
Na-esote nkwụsịtụ, a ghaghị ịsacha ngwaahịa ahụ iji wepụ nnu na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ. Nzọụkwụ a dị oke mkpa maka ịnweta cellulose hydroxyethyl dị ọcha.
Usoro:
Ngwakọta mmeghachi omume na-agbaze na mmiri, na hydroxyethyl cellulose kewapụrụ site filtration ma ọ bụ centrifugation.
A na-eji mmiri deionized sachaa hydroxyethyl cellulose nke kewara ekewa ugboro ugboro iji wepụ nnu na adịghị ọcha fọdụrụnụ. Usoro ịsa ahụ na-aga n'ihu ruo mgbe mmiri ịsa ahụ rutere n'ókè a kapịrị ọnụ, na-egosi mwepụ nke adịghị ọcha soluble.
6. ihicha
Nzọụkwụ ikpeazụ na nkwadebe nke hydroxyethyl cellulose bụ ihicha. Nzọụkwụ a na-ewepu oke mmiri, na-amịpụta akọrọ, ngwaahịa ntụ ntụ dabara maka ngwa dị iche iche.
Usoro:
A na-agbasa hydroxyethyl cellulose a na-asacha na traịs ihicha ma ọ bụ bufee ya n'ọwara ihicha. A na-ejikwa nlezianya na-achịkwa okpomọkụ ihicha ka ọ ghara imebi okpomọkụ, na-adịkarị site na 50-80 ° C.
N'aka nke ọzọ, enwere ike iji ihicha ịgbasa maka ihicha ngwa ngwa na nke ọma. Na ihicha mmiri, mmiri mmiri hydroxyethyl cellulose ngwọta na-atomized n'ime ezigbo ụmụ irighiri mmiri na akpọnwụwo na ikuku na-ekpo ọkụ iyi, na-arụpụta ezigbo ntụ ntụ.
A na-egweri ngwaahịa a mịrị amị na nha nke a chọrọ ma kpokọta ya maka nchekwa na nkesa.
Njikwa ogo na ngwa
N'ime usoro nkwadebe ahụ, a na-emejuputa usoro njikwa mma siri ike iji hụ na agbanwe agbanwe na ịdị mma nke hydroxyethyl cellulose. A na-enyocha ihe ndị dị mkpa dị ka viscosity, ogo nke nnọchi, ọdịnaya mmiri na nha urughuru.
Ngwa:
Pharmaceuticals: A na-eji ya dị ka ihe na-eme ka ọ dị arọ, ihe nkedo, na stabilizer n'ụdị dị ka mbadamba nkume, nkwusioru, na ointments.
Ihe ịchọ mma: Na-enye viscosity na udidi na ngwaahịa ndị dị ka ude, lotions, na shampoos.
Ihe osise na mkpuchi: Na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-agbapụta agba na rheology modifier, na-eme ka ngwa ngwa ngwa na nkwụsi ike nke agba.
Ụlọ ọrụ nri: Ọrụ dị ka onye na-agbapụta, stabilizer, na emulsifier na ngwaahịa nri dị iche iche.
Nkwadebe nke hydroxyethyl cellulose na-agụnye usoro nke usoro kemịkalụ na usoro nhazi nke ọma iji gbanwee cellulose iji webata otu hydroxyethyl. Nzọụkwụ ọ bụla, site na nchacha cellulose ruo ihicha, dị oké mkpa n'ịchọpụta àgwà na ịrụ ọrụ nke ngwaahịa ikpeazụ. Ngwongwo bara uru nke Hydroxyethyl cellulose na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe bara uru n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ, na-egosipụta mkpa ọ dị n'ichepụta ihe ziri ezi iji mezuo ihe achọrọ nke ngwa dị iche iche.
Oge nzipu: Mee-28-2024