1. Ntchito yayikulu ya cellulose ether
M'matope osakanizika, ma cellulose ndi chowonjezera chomwe chimawonjezeredwa kwambiri koma chimatha kusintha matope onyowa ndikukhudza matope omanga matope.
2. Mitundu ya cellulose et
Kupanga kwa cellulose ether kumapangidwa makamaka ndi ulusi wachilengedwe kudzera m'mabwinja a alkalini, kugwirira ntchito (kutsuka), kuchapa, kuwuma, kupera ndi kupera ndi njira zina.
Malinga ndi zopangira zitsulo zazikulu, ulusi wachilengedwe ukhoza kuphatikizidwa: fibeshi ya thonje, geber fiber, etc. Pakadali pano, opanga ma cellulose amagwiritsa ntchito thonje (pogwiritsa ntchito nitrocellulose) ngati zinthu zazikuluzikulu.
Cellulose eders amatha kugawidwa mu Ionic ndi Nonionic. Mtundu wa Ionic makamaka umaphatikizapo carboxymethyl cellulose mchere, ndipo mtundu wosakhala inic makamaka cellose, methyl hydroulthyl, hydroxethyl cellose, etc.
Pakadali pano, cellulose yogwiritsa ntchito matope osakanikirana ndi nthawi zambiri celyl ethel ethelose cellulose etherl celyrose ether ether ether. M'matope osakanizika, chifukwa Ionic cellulose (carboxymethyl cellulose mchere) sigwiritsidwa ntchito pa calcium ions, siitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa cacium ions, siitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa ma cacium osakanizika omwe amagwiritsa ntchito simenti, ndi zida. M'malo ena ku China, carboxymethyl cellulose mchere umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wowuma wa infour pazinthu zina zosinthidwa ngati zinthu zazikuluzikulu ndi shuangfei ufa. Izi zimakonda kukwiya ndipo sizimalimbana ndi madzi, ndipo tsopano ikutulutsidwa. Hydroxyethyl cellulose imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazogulitsa zina zosakanikirana, koma zimakhala ndi gawo laling'ono lamasika.
3.. Zisonyezo zazikulu zamagetsi za cellulose ether
(1) kususuka
Cellulose ndi polymerroxy polymer poimba kuti sisungunuke kapena kusungunuka. Pambuyo pakusintha, cellose imasungunuka m'madzi, kuchepetsa alkali yankho ndi zosungunulira, ndipo ali ndi thermoplascity. Kusungunuka makamaka kumatengera zinthu zinayi: Choyamba, kusasunthika kumasiyana ndi mafakisoniwo, kutsitsa mafalo, kwakukulu. Chachiwiri, mikhalidwe ya magulu omwe adayambitsidwa mu njira yobwezeretsa, gulu lalikululi lidayambitsa, kutsitsa kuchepetsedwa; Polanda kwambiri yomwe gululo linati, gulu lamilandu ya cellulose ndikusungunuka m'madzi. Chachitatu, kuchuluka kwa kuloweza ndi kugawa magulu oyenera ku Macromolecles. Ma cellulose ambiri a edzo amatha kusungunuka m'madzi pansi pa gawo linalake. Chachinayi, kuchuluka kwa polymerization kwa cellulose ether, kutalika kwa polymerization, sungunuka pang'ono; Kutsika kwa digiri ya polymerization, gawo lalikulu la kuchuluka kwa cholowa chomwe chitha kusungunuka m'madzi.
(2) Kusunga kwamadzi
Kusungidwa kwamadzi ndikofunikira kofunikira kwa maselo a cellulose, ndipo ndi ntchito yomwe amapanga ufa wowuma ufa, makamaka iwo akumwera kwa madera ambiri ndi kutentha kwakukulu, samalani. Zinthu zomwe zikukhudza madzi kubwezeretsa madzi zimaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa ethel etheuse eyanda, mawonekedwe aku Isclose ndi kutentha kwa malo ogwiritsira ntchito. Kuchuluka kwa ethel ether ether ether, zabwino zonse zomwe madzi sungunuka; Mawonekedwe ambiri, abwinobwino madzi athetsa kubwezerera madzi; Omaliza ma tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndibwino kuti madzi athe.
(3) Makutu
Makulidwe ndi gawo lofunikira la cellulose ether ether. Pakadali pano, opanga ma celluse opanga magazi amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zoyezera mafayilo. Pazinthu zomwezo, chidwi cha mafayilo omwe chimayesedwa ndi njira zosiyanasiyana ndizosiyana kwambiri, ndipo ena amakhala ndi kusiyana pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, poyerekeza mawonekedwe, ziyenera kuchitika pakati pa njira zomwezi, kuphatikizapo kutentha, rotor, etc.
Nthawi zambiri, mafakiti apamwamba, abwinobwino amadzisungira madzi. Komabe, ma virus, okwera maselo olemera a cellulose ether, ndipo kutsika kolingana kofananira mu kusungunuka kwake kumabweretsa zovuta pa mphamvu ndi matope omanga matope. Maonekedwe ake, zoonekeratu kuti zimakula kwambiri patavala matope, koma siyofanana mwachindunji. Matope apamwamba, matope owoneka bwino adzakhala. Panthawi yomanga, imawonekera ngati imamatira ku starpiper ndi kutsatira kwambiri mpaka gawo lapansi. Koma sizothandiza kukulitsa mphamvu ya matonthozo onyowa. Pakumanga, magwiridwe antchito a Anti-Anti-sag sizachidziwikire. M'malo mwake, sing'anga zina zapakati komanso zochepa koma kusinthidwa methyl cellose celluse kukhala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri pokonzanso mphamvu ya matope onyowa.
(4) Ubwino wa tinthu tating'onoting'ono:
Cellulose ether yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi matope osakanizika amafunikira kuti akhale ufa, wokhala ndi madzi ochepa, ndipo zabwino zimafunikiranso 20% mpaka 60% ya kukula kwa tinthu 63. Ubwino umakhudza kusungunuka kwa cellulose ether. Celluose nthawi zambiri amakhala mu mawonekedwe a granules, omwe ndi osavuta kubereka ndi kusungunuka m'madzi osachedwa, kotero sioyenera kugwiritsa ntchito matope osakanizika (zinthu zina zapakhomo ndizabwino, Palibe yosavuta kufalitsa ndikusungunuka m'madzi, komanso okonda kukwera). M'matope osakanizika, ma cellulose ether amabalalitsidwa pakati pa ophatikizidwa, mafilimu abwino ndi simenti ndi zida zina. Ufa wokhawo wokwanira umatha kupewa ma cellulose ether pophatikiza madzi. Cellulose ether umawonjezeredwa ndi madzi kuti usungunuke, ndizovuta kwambiri kubalalitsa ndikusungunuka.
(5) Kusintha kwa cellulose ether
Kusintha kwa ethel ether ndikuwonjezera kwa magwiridwe ake, ndipo ndiye gawo lofunikira kwambiri. Mphamvu ya ethel ether imatha kusintha kuti ikonzekere kuwonongeka kwake, kubisala, zomata, kutulutsa madzi, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi, komanso kufooka kwake kwa mafuta.
4. Zotsatira za kutentha kwamphamvu pamadzi osungira matope
Kusunga kwamadzi kwa cellulose ether kumachepetsa ndi kuchuluka kwa kutentha. Muzogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zothandiza, matope nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito potentha kwambiri pamatenthedwe kwambiri (oposa 40 ° C) m'malo ambiri. Dontho pa madzi osungira madzi chinapangitsa kuti zitheke kugwirira ntchito movutikira komanso kusokonekera. Kudalira kwake kutentha kumabweretsabe kufooka kwa matope, ndipo ndizosavuta kuti muchepetse zinthu za kutentha pansi pa izi. Maphikidwe matope adasinthidwa moyenerera, ndipo pamafunika ambiri ofunikira adapangidwa m'maphikidwe nyengo. Ngakhale ndikuwonjezera mlingo (kachiwiri), kugwirira ntchito komanso kugwirira ntchito kukana konse sikungakwaniritse zosowa zogwiritsira ntchito, zomwe zimafuna chithandizo cha cellulose, monga kuwonjezera kwa ethertherth, kotero kuti madzi osasunga akhoza kupezeka pamtunda wokwera kwambiri. Zimakhalabe bwino kwambiri ngati zili zazimwamba, kotero kuti imagwirizanitsa bwino ntchito.
5. Kugwiritsa ntchito matope osakanikirana
M'matope osakanizika, ethel ether ether amatenga gawo la kusungidwa kwamadzi, kukulitsa ndi kukonza magwiridwe antchito. Zochita zabwino zamadzi zimatsimikizira kuti matope sadzayambitsa misampha, utsi ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi komanso hydration yosakwanira. Kukula kwa kukula kumathandizira kwambiri kulimba kwa matope onyowa. Kuphatikiza kwa cellulose ether kumatha kusintha mapangidwe onyowa matope, ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe abwino ku matope osiyanasiyana, potero ndikuwongolera khoma la matope onyowa ndikuchepetsa zinyalala. Kuphatikiza apo, udindo wa ethel ether mu mankhwala osiyanasiyana ndi osiyananso. Mwachitsanzo, m'matate azisamba, ethel ether amatha kuwonjezera nthawi yotseguka ndikusintha nthawi; Mu matope opopera matope, zitha kusintha mphamvu ya matope onyowa; Podzilimbitsa nokha, zitha kupewa kukhazikika, tsankho ndi stratation. Chifukwa chake, monga owonjezera owonjezera, etheluse ether amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamatope a ufa wa ufa.
Post Nthawi: Jan-11-2023