Matope a ufa wa ufa ndi polymer wowuma matope kapena ufa wowuma womwe unakonzedwa. Ndi mtundu wa simenti ndi gypsum monga maziko apamwamba. Malinga ndi zofunikira zomangamanga, ufa wowuma womwe umamanga ophatikizidwa ndi zowonjezera zimawonjezeredwa molingana. Ndi zinthu zomangamo zomwe zingasakanikanizidwenso, zimapita kumalo omanga m'matumba kapena zochuluka, ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji pambuyo powonjezera madzi.
Zojambula zoyera za ufa zimaphatikizapo ufa womata ufa, khoma louma la ufa lokhala ndi matope matope a matope, owuma ufa wowuma, etc.
Matope a ufa wa ufa nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi zigawo zitatu: Bander, kuphatikiza, ndi matope owonjezera.
Matope opangira matope owuma:
1. Kulumikizana ndi matope
(1) Ogwiritsa ntchito momatira:
Otsatira atorfans amaphatikiza simenti wamba ya alumu, simenti yayikulu, simenti yapadera, gypsum, eyydrite, etc.
(2) Zomata za Organic:
Kumata zomata makamaka kumatanthauzanso ufa waposachedwa, womwe ndi polymer polymer yopangidwa ndi kuyanika kolondola (ndikusankha zowonjezera zoyenera) za elilmer emulsion. Ufa wowuma wa polymer ndi madzi amakhala emulsion. Zitha kuchepetsedwanso, kotero kuti pommer tinthu tating'onoting'ono timapanga matope a simenti mu matope a simenti, omwe ali ofanana ndi polidar emulsion njira yosinthira matope a simenti.
Malinga ndi kuchuluka kosiyanasiyana, kusintha kwa matope a ufa ndi ufa wobwezeretsedwa kumatha kukonza mphamvu zosiyanasiyana, ndikusintha mphamvu, mphamvu, chigwirizano ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi kuthekera ndi zomanga.
Ufa wokwezedwa wa matope osakanikirana makamaka umaphatikizapo mitundu yotsatirayi: ① styrene-butadiene povolymer; ② Styrene-acrylic acid chopopera; ③ Vinyl acetate Copyoli; ④ Bolyacrylate hopoolymer; ⑤ Styrene Acetate Copyoli; ⑥ vinyl acetate-ethyle cololymer.
2. Aggregate:
Aggregate imagawidwa kukhala yophatikizika yophatikizika ndi kuphatikizika kwabwino. Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu za konkriti. Zimakhala ngati mafupa ndikuchepetsa kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa shramenti ndi kutupa kwa zinthu zomwe zimapangika komanso kuwuma kwakanthawi, ndipo kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chotsika mtengo kwa CE Cemer. Pali ophatikizidwa achilengedwe ndi ophatikizidwa, omwe kale anali miyala, miyala, pimice, mchenga wachilengedwe, ndi zina.; omaliza monga Cinde, Slag, CERrammite, wokutira Perlite, etc.
3. Zowonjezera matope
(1) cyweluse ether:
Mu matope owuma, kuchuluka kwa ethel ether ether ether (nthawi zambiri 0.02% -0.7%), koma imatha kusintha kwambiri matope onyowa, ndipo ndi chowonjezera chachikulu chomwe chimakhudza matope omanga.
Mu matope a ufa wa ufa, chifukwa Ionic Cellulose ndi yosakhazikika pamaso pa calcium ions, sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pamasamba owuma omwe amagwiritsa ntchito simenti, malo owiritsa. Hydroxyethyl cellulose imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zina zouma za ufa, koma gawo limakhala laling'ono kwambiri.
Cellulose eder omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matope a ufa wa ma hydroxyelyl (hemc) ndi hydroxyprose ethylcellulose etherllulose ether.
Makhalidwe a MC: Kuchita Zabwino ndi Kumanga ndi zinthu ziwiri zomwe zimathandizirana; Kusunga kwamadzi, kupewa madzi osinthika mwachangu, kotero kuti makulidwe a matope amatha kuchepetsedwa kwambiri.
(2) Anti-Cluber
Sikuti anthu amakono amasintha kuti asakanitse ulusi ngati matope ngati zida zotsutsana ndi zolimbitsa thupi. Kale, makolo athu agwiritsa ntchito ulusi wachilengedwe monganso zida zina za kutorganic, monga matope opangira matope ndi matope a Sheres a Buddha ndi matope achikasu Kuti mumange nyumba, gwiritsani ntchito tsitsi la anthu ndi nyama kuti azikonza zopweteka, gwiritsani ntchito ulusi wa zamkati, laimu, ndi gypsum kuti mupatse makoma ndikupanga zinthu zingapo za gypsum, etc. dikirani. Kuonjezera zingwe za danga la simenti kuti apange majeketi olimbikitsira a khrisidi olimbikitsidwa ndi nkhani yaposachedwa.
Zogulitsa za simenti, zigawo zikuluzikulu kapena nyumba zimalepheretsa ma microcracks ambiri chifukwa chakusintha kwa microstruction ndi voliyumu nthawi yolimbana ndi simenti, ndipo amasinthasintha pakuwuma, komanso katundu wakunja. Mukakumana ndi mphamvu yakunja, ulusiwo umakhala ndi malire komanso kulepheretsa kukula kwa ming'alu ya micro. Mafuta ndi owoloka ndi isotropic, kuwononga ndikuchepetsa kupsinjika, kupewa kukula kwa ming'alu, ndikupanga gawo lakutsekereza ming'alu.
Kuphatikiza kwa ulusi kumatha kupanga matope osakanikirana ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba, mphamvu yayikulu, kutsutsana, kukana, kusokonezeka, kukana, kukana kwina komanso ntchito zina.
(3) Madzi ochepetsa mphamvu
Kutsika kwamadzi ndi kuphatikizika kwa ma Concrete komwe kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa madzi osakanikirana pomwe akusungunuka konkriti yosasinthika. Ambiri aiwo ndi anyezi okonda, monga Limbsullate, Naphthalenessulsulsulfoniteate folmalmehyde polymer, kukonzanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa madzi, kukonza madziwo, sinthani madzimadzi osakaniza konkriti; kapena kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito simenti ya unit ndikupulumutsa simenti.
Malinga ndi madzi kuchepetsa ndi kulimbikitsa mphamvu yamadzi kuchepetsa madzi, amagawidwa ngati mpweya wamadzi (wotchedwa kuti madzi ochepetsa sikuti ndi a Lignosulfonate) (omwe amadziwikanso ngati Superplasticrization) Acid imayimiriridwa ndi superplasticizer), ndipo amagawidwa m'magulu oyambirira, mtundu wofanana ndi mtundu wokhazikika.
Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala, nthawi zambiri imagawika: zinthu zapamwamba zochokera ku Lusthalfanate zochokera, zopatsa mphamvu za melamine, zopatsa mphamvu za Melamine, zopatuka, ndi mafuta a acid - zopatsa mphamvu. Mankhwala amadzi, polycattophy - zowonjezera zowonjezera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kuchepetsa mankhwalawa muyeso wa ufa uli ndi gawo lotsatira: simenti yodzichepetsera, matope a matope, matope a madzi, etty, etty.
Kusankha kwa madzi kuchepetsa mankhwala ayenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi zida zophatikizika ndi katundu wosiyana.
(4) ether ether
Wowuma ether amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pomanga matope, omwe amatha kusokoneza matope a matope, simenti ndi laimu, ndikusintha kapangidwe ka matope ndi kukana kwa matope. Kukhuta manja nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito molumikizana ndi celluselose yosinthika komanso yosinthidwa. Ndioyenera kwa onse osalowerera ndale komanso alkaline, ndipo amagwirizana ndi zowonjezera zambiri mu gypsum ndi zowonjezera, MC, wowuma ndi ma polymer ena osungunuka.
Makhalidwe a wowuma ether ether amagona mu: kukonza kukana kukana kwa Aleg; Kuwongolera ntchito; Kupititsa patsogolo zokolola za matoto, makamaka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: zopangidwa ndi manja kapena makina opopera ndi simenti ndi gypsum, caulk ndi zomatira; tile zomata; matonge matope.
Dziwani: Mlingo wa ether wa ether mu matope ndi 0.01-0.1%.
(5) Zowonjezera zina:
Wogulitsa wa mpweya amayambitsa thovu lalikulu logawika matope, omwe amachepetsa kuphatikizika kwa matope, potero kumapangitsa kufalikira bwino ndikuchepetsa magazi ndi tsankho la matope kusakaniza. Zowonjezera, makamaka mafuta sodium sulfonate ndi sodium sulfate, mlingo ndi 0,005-0.02%.
Ogulitsa amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'matayala a gypsum ndi mafilimu a gypsum. Mwachitsanzo, zipatso za zipatso za asidi, nthawi zambiri zimawonjezeredwa mu 0,05% -0.25%.
Othandizira a Hydrophobic (zobayira) amaletsa madzi kuti asalowe m'matope, pomwe matope amatseguka kuti mpweya wamadzi usungunuke. Hydrophobic Polymerperpecpecpecpectional ufa umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka.
Defomer, kuthandiza kumasula mpweya wouluka ndikupangidwa pamatope ndi matope, kusintha mphamvu yolemetsa, kukonza malo, mlingo 0.02-0.5%.
Post Nthawi: Feb-09-2023