Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ndi polima yopanda ionic, yosungunuka m'madzi yochokera ku cellulose. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zomatira, komwe amakhala ngati thickening agent, rheology modifier, ndi stabilizer. Kuthekera kwa HEC kupititsa patsogolo kukhuthala kwa zomatira ndikofunikira pamapulogalamu ambiri, kuwonetsetsa kugwiritsa ntchito moyenera, magwiridwe antchito, komanso moyo wautali wa zomatira.
Makhalidwe a Hydroxyethyl Cellulose
HEC imapangidwa ndikuchitapo kanthu pa cellulose ndi ethylene oxide pansi pamikhalidwe yamchere, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale polima yokhala ndi magulu a hydroxyethyl omwe amamangiriridwa pamsana wa cellulose. Digiri ya kulowetsa (DS) ndi kusintha kwa molar (MS) ndi magawo ofunikira omwe amakhudza zinthu za HEC. DS imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa magulu a hydroxyl pa molekyu ya cellulose yomwe yasinthidwa ndi magulu a hydroxyethyl, pamene MS imasonyeza chiwerengero cha moles wa ethylene oxide omwe achita ndi mole imodzi ya mayunitsi a anhydroglucose mu cellulose.
HEC imadziwika ndi kusungunuka kwake m'madzi, kupanga mayankho omveka bwino komanso owoneka bwino okhala ndi mamasukidwe apamwamba. Kukhuthala kwake kumakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza kulemera kwa maselo, ndende, kutentha, ndi pH ya yankho. Kulemera kwa molekyulu ya HEC kumatha kuchoka kumunsi mpaka kumtunda kwambiri, kulola kupanga zomatira ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za viscosity.
Njira Zowonjezera Viscosity
Hydration ndi Kutupa:
HEC imakulitsa kukhuthala kwa zomatira makamaka kudzera mu mphamvu yake yothira madzi ndi kutupa m'madzi. HEC ikawonjezeredwa ku mapangidwe amadzimadzi amadzimadzi, magulu a hydroxyethyl amakopa mamolekyu amadzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kutupa kwa maunyolo a polima. Kutupa uku kumawonjezera yankho kukana kuyenda, potero kuonjezera mamasukidwe akayendedwe ake. Kuchuluka kwa kutupa ndi kukhuthala kwake kumakhudzidwa ndi ndende ya polima ndi kulemera kwa maselo a HEC.
Kulumikizana kwa mamolekyu:
Mu yankho, ma polima a HEC amatsekeredwa chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo autali. Kulumikizana kumeneku kumapanga maukonde omwe amalepheretsa kuyenda kwa mamolekyu mkati mwa zomatira, motero kumawonjezera kukhuthala. Kulemera kwa molekyulu ya HEC kumabweretsa kulumikizidwa kwakukulu komanso kukhuthala kwamphamvu. Mlingo wa kutsekeka ukhoza kuwongoleredwa posintha ndende ya polima ndi kulemera kwa ma molekyulu a HEC omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kugwirizana kwa haidrojeni:
HEC imatha kupanga zomangira za haidrojeni ndi mamolekyu amadzi ndi zigawo zina mukupanga zomatira. Zomangira za haidrojeni izi zimathandizira kukhuthala popanga maukonde okhazikika mkati mwa yankho. Magulu a hydroxyethyl pamsana wa cellulose amakulitsa luso lopanga ma hydrogen bond, ndikuwonjezera kukhuthala.
Kumeta ubweya wa ubweya:
HEC imasonyeza khalidwe la kumeta ubweya wa ubweya, kutanthauza kuti kukhuthala kwake kumachepa pansi pa kumeta ubweya wa ubweya. Katunduyu ndi wopindulitsa pamapulogalamu omatira chifukwa amalola kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta kukameta ubweya (monga kufalitsa kapena kupukuta) ndikusunga mamasukidwe apamwamba mukamapumula, kuonetsetsa kuti zomatira zikuyenda bwino komanso kukhazikika. Khalidwe la kumeta ubweya wa HEC limachokera ku kuyanjanitsa kwa maunyolo a polima kumbali ya mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito, kuchepetsa kukana kwamkati kwakanthawi.
Mapulogalamu mu Adhesive Formulations
Zomatira pamadzi:
HEC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzomatira zamadzi, monga za mapepala, nsalu, ndi matabwa. Kukhoza kwake kulimbitsa ndi kukhazikika kwa zomatira kumatsimikizira kuti zimakhalabe zofanana komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Mu mapepala ndi zomata zomata, HEC imapereka mamasukidwe ofunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito moyenera komanso mphamvu yomangirira.
Zomatira Zomanga:
Pazomatira zomangira, monga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyika matailosi kapena zotchingira khoma, HEC imakulitsa kukhuthala, kumapangitsa kuti zomatira zizigwira ntchito bwino komanso kukana kukhazikika. Kukula kwa HEC kumatsimikizira kuti zomatirazo zimakhalabe pamalo pamene zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndikuyika bwino, kupereka mgwirizano wamphamvu ndi wokhazikika.
Zomatira Zodzikongoletsera ndi Zosamalira Munthu:
HEC imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zodzikongoletsera komanso zodzisamalira zomwe zimafuna zomatira, monga ma gels opangira tsitsi ndi masks amaso. M'mapulogalamuwa, HEC imapereka kusasinthasintha kosalala komanso kofanana, kumapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yogwira ntchito komanso luso la ogwiritsa ntchito.
Zomatira Zamankhwala:
M'makampani opanga mankhwala, HEC imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazigamba za transdermal ndi njira zina zoperekera mankhwala komwe kuwongolera kumayang'aniridwa ndikofunikira kuti zomatira zizigwira ntchito. HEC imatsimikizira kuti zomatira ndizofanana, zomwe zimapereka chithandizo chokhazikika cha mankhwala ndikutsatira khungu.
Zinthu Zomwe Zimakhudza Kukwezeka Kwa Viscosity
Kuyikira Kwambiri:
Kuchuluka kwa HEC mu mapangidwe omatira kumayenderana mwachindunji ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Kuchulukira kwa HEC kumabweretsa kukhuthala kowonjezereka chifukwa cha kuyanjana kwakukulu kwaunyolo wa polima ndi kutsekeka. Komabe, kuchulukirachulukira kungayambitse gelation ndi zovuta pakukonza.
Kulemera kwa Molecular:
Kulemera kwa molekyulu ya HEC ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pozindikira kukhuthala kwa zomatira. Kulemera kwa molekyulu ya HEC kumapereka kukhuthala kwapamwamba pamiyeso yotsika poyerekeza ndi mitundu yotsika yolemetsa ya maselo. Kusankhidwa kwa kulemera kwa maselo kumadalira kukhuthala komwe kumafunidwa ndi zofunikira za ntchito.
Kutentha:
Kutentha kumakhudza kukhuthala kwa mayankho a HEC. Pamene kutentha kumawonjezeka, kukhuthala kumachepa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kugwirizana kwa haidrojeni komanso kuwonjezereka kwa maselo. Kumvetsetsa kutentha-kukhuthala kwa mamasukidwe ndikofunikira kwa ntchito zomwe zimakumana ndi kutentha kosiyanasiyana.
pH:
PH ya mapangidwe omatira imatha kukhudza kukhuthala kwa HEC. HEC imakhala yokhazikika pamitundu yambiri ya pH, koma zovuta za pH zingayambitse kusintha kwa kapangidwe ka polima ndi kukhuthala. Kupanga zomatira mkati mwa pH yoyenera kumatsimikizira kugwira ntchito kosasintha.
Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Hydroxyethyl Cellulose
Chilengedwe Chopanda Ionic:
Chikhalidwe chosakhala cha ionic cha HEC chimapangitsa kuti chigwirizane ndi zigawo zina zambiri zopangira, kuphatikizapo ma polima, ma surfactants, ndi electrolytes. Ngakhale izi zimathandiza kuti zosunthika zomatira formulations.
Biodegradability:
HEC imachokera ku cellulose, gwero lachilengedwe komanso losinthika. Ndi biodegradable, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yokonda zachilengedwe kusankha kwa zomatira. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kumagwirizana ndi kufunikira komwe kukukulirakulira kwa zinthu zokhazikika komanso zokomera zachilengedwe.
Kukhazikika:
HEC imapereka kukhazikika kwabwino pamapangidwe omatira, kupewa kupatukana kwa gawo ndikukhazikitsa zigawo zolimba. Kukhazikika kumeneku kumatsimikizira kuti zomatirazo zimakhalabe zogwira mtima nthawi yonse ya alumali komanso pakagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Katundu Wopanga Mafilimu:
HEC imapanga mafilimu osinthika komanso owonekera poyanika, zomwe zimakhala zopindulitsa pazomata zomwe zimafuna chingwe chomveka bwino komanso chosinthika. Katunduyu ndiwothandiza kwambiri pamapulogalamu monga zolemba ndi matepi.
Ma cellulose a Hydroxyethyl amatenga gawo lofunikira pakukulitsa kukhuthala kwa zomatira kudzera m'makina monga hydration ndi kutupa, kuphatikizika kwa maselo, hydrogen bonding, komanso kumeta ubweya wa ubweya. Katundu wake, kuphatikiza kusungunuka, mawonekedwe osakhala a ionic, biodegradability, ndi kuthekera kopanga mafilimu, zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino pazomata zosiyanasiyana. Kumvetsetsa zinthu zomwe zimakhudza kukulitsa kwa kukhuthala kwa HEC, monga kukhazikika, kulemera kwa maselo, kutentha, ndi pH, zimalola opanga kupanga zinthu zomatira kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zenizeni. Pamene mafakitale akupitiriza kufunafuna zipangizo zokhazikika komanso zogwira ntchito kwambiri, HEC imakhalabe chinthu chofunika kwambiri pakupanga zinthu zomatira zapamwamba.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-29-2024