Chidule:
1. Kunyowa ndi kubalalika
2. Decomer
3. Thupi
4. Zowonjezera-zowonjezera
5. Anti-Controsion, anti-Blwal ndi Anti-Algae Wothandizira
6. Zowonjezera zina
1 kunyowa ndi kubalalitsa,
Zovala zozikidwa m'madzi zimagwiritsa ntchito madzi ngati zosungunulira kapena kufalitsa pakati, ndipo madzi ali ndi dinect wamkulu, motero zokutira zamadzi zimakhazikika ndi ma electrostatic osuta magetsi ophatikizika. Kuphatikiza apo, mu dongosolo lolumikizidwa ndi madzi, nthawi zambiri pamakhala ma poizoni komanso osagwirizana ndi ionic okonda kwambiri, omwe amawaletsa kwambiri pakhungu. Chifukwa chake, ubowo wozikidwa m'madzi ndi ma emulsions amapeza zotsatira zokhazikika kudzera mu gawo lolumikizana la electrostatic yoletsedwa komanso kulepheretsa. Zovuta zake ndi zovuta zamagetsi osauka a electrolyte, makamaka ma electrolyte oletsa kwambiri.
1.1 Mtumiki
Zonyowa othandizira opangira madzi amagawidwa mu anionic ndi osagwirizana.
Kuphatikiza kwa othandizira othandizira ndi kufatsa kungakwaniritse zotsatira zabwino. Kuchuluka kwa wothandizira nthawi zambiri kumakhala ochepa pafupifupi chikwi. Zoipa zake zimakhala pachiwopsezo ndikuchepetsa madzi kukana filimu.
Chimodzi mwazochita chitukuko cha mankhwala onyowa ndikusintha pang'onopang'ono polyoxyathylene alkyl (benzene) phenol ethel ether ethel ether ether ether ether ethel ether (chifukwa zimayambitsa kuchepetsedwa kwa mahomoni amtundu wa misonkho ndikusokoneza endocrine. Polyoxyafethylene alkyl (Benzene) phenol azungu amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati ma emulsifeers pa emulsion polymerization.
Twen orfactont ndinso zochitika zatsopano. Ndi mamolekyu awiri amtundu wa amphilic olumikizidwa ndi spacer. Chigawo chodziwika bwino cha mapasa am'madzi ndichakuti michenje yovuta kwambiri (cmc) ndi yopanda dongosolo la ufa wotsika kuposa wa "mlengu-cell", kutsatiridwa ndi bwino. Monga Twin Twin 4000, ndi cell cell Sidoxane Surtictictur, ndipo ali ndi chithovu chosasankhidwa ndi chosokoneza.
Zinthu za Air zakhala zikupanga gemini majerekandunts. Zochita zachikhalidwe zimakhala ndi mchira wa hydrophobic komanso mutu wa hydrophiric, koma zochulukitsa zatsopano zimakhala ndi magulu awiri a hydrophilic ndi magulu awiri kapena atatu omwe ali ndi acetylene glycols ad01.
1.2 wobalalitsa
Omwe amapaka utoto wa latx wagawika m'magulu anayi: Phusphate Stute Overturents Sdipermers, polyacid Coplemers osabala komanso ena obalalika.
Omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri phosphate omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi polyphosphate, monga sodium hexametaphsphate (Calgonium Polymoshate (Ktppo) Makina ogwirira ntchito ake ndi kukhazikika pakompyuta Kunyandira kwa hydrogen ndi mankhwala adsorption. Ubwino wake ndikuti Mlingo wake ndi wotsika, pafupifupi 0,1%, ndipo ali ndi mphamvu yobalalitsa pa utoto wazomwe ndi mafilimu. Komanso pali zoperewera: imodzi yomwe imakuledzera ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa pH ndi kutentha, polyroshate imasungunuka mosavuta, imayambitsa kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali; Kufalikira kosakwanira kwa pakatikati kungakhudze penti yamphesa yamphesa.
ESphate ESphate Ovuta ndi zosakanizika za monoes, amwalira, mowa wotsalira ndi phosphoric acid.
ESphate ESphate Okhazikika Kukhazikika Kubalalika kwamitundu, kuphatikizapo utoto wotere ngati zinc oxide. M'mawonekedwe a utoto wa utoto, umakhala bwino. Mosiyana ndi kunyowa kwina komanso kubalalitsa zowonjezera, kuphatikiza kwa Esatte Esoster Obatanira sizimakhudza mawonekedwe a Ku ndi IC.
Polycid homopolymer wobalalika, monga tamol 1254 ndi Tamol 850, Tamol 850 ndi homopolymer a methacrylic acid. Polyicaid Copulymer Omwalira, monga arotan 731a, omwe ndi wopopera wa diisobutlene ndi ma ulsic acid. Makhalidwe a mitundu iwiriyi yazomwezi ndi kuti amatulutsa adsorption wamphamvu kapena kuluka pakhungu ndi mafayilo, ndipo ena amasungunuka madzi okhazikika, ndipo ena amasinthidwa ndi ma electrostatic podana nawo kukwaniritsa zotsatira zokhazikika. Kupangitsa kukhala wobalalitsa ali ndi obalalitsa abwino, kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwake kumayenera kulamulidwa mosamalitsa. Ngati kunenepa kwambiri ngati kunenepa kwambiri. Kuchepetsa molecular ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, yolimbika kudzachitika. Kwa polyacrytete Sturpertants, zofalitsa zabwino kwambiri zitha kupezeka ngati digiri ya polymerization ndi 12-18.
Mitundu ina ya osamwa, monga Almu-95, ali ndi dzina la mankhwala a 2-amino-2-propyl-1-propenol. Gulu la Amino limayesedwa pamwamba pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatulutsa, ndipo gulu la hydroxyyl limafikira madzi, omwe amadya gawo lokhazikika kudzera cholepheretsa. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake, kulepheretsa choletsa chosatani. APARD-95 makamaka makamaka a PH Remilator.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kafukufuku pa omwe amamwa nkhawa amalimbana ndi vuto lakulemera chifukwa cha kulemera kwamphamvu kwambiri, ndipo kukula kwa kulemera kwakukulu ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimachitika. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa ma efka-4580 opangidwa ndi emulsion polymerization kumapangidwa mwapadera zokutira zamafuta opangidwa ndi madzi, zoyenera kupezeka kwa organic ndi informon.
Magulu a Amano ali ndi ubale wabwino kwa utoto wambiri kudzera mu asidi wa asidi kapena ophatikizika hydrogen. Chovala chotchinga chimabalalitsa ndi aminoacrylic ad monga momwe amapangira gulu la zokondera amasamala.
Wobalalitsa ndi dimethylaminuthyl methacrylate ngati gulu lolingana
Kuwononga kwa Teho
Chifukwa cha zovuta zachilengedwe, zonyowa zonyowa komanso zobalalitsa zidapangidwa, monga kunyozedwa ae serm-cell kunyowa ndi osokoneza, omwe ndi otsika onyowa.
2 Decomer:
Pali mitundu yambiri ya zojambula zachikhalidwe zopangidwa ndi madzi, zomwe zimagawidwa m'magulu atatu: Mafuta a mchere, mawonekedwe a polysiloxane ndi defano ina.
Mafuta a mchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, makamaka muthyathyathyathyathyathyathya.
Ma Dephums a Polysiloxane ali ndi vuto lotsika kwambiri, ndikusungunulira mwamphamvu, ndipo musakhudzenso mawu osasinthika, adzagwiritsa ntchito zilema monga kubwezeretsanso.
Zovala zamadzi zochokera ku utoto sizigwirizana ndi gawo lamadzi kuti akwaniritse cholinga chodziletsa, motero ndikosavuta kutulutsa zofooka.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, mawonekedwe a matope a maselo a matope apangidwa.
Wothandizira mankhwalawa ndi polymer wopangidwa ndi kugwirira ntchito molunjika ma antifoamaming ogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zonyamula. Chidziwitso cha ma polymer chili ndi gulu lonyowa la hydroxyl, chinthu chosinthika chimagawidwa mozungulira molekyulu, chinthu chogwira ntchito sichophweka kuphatikizika, komanso kuphatikizidwa ndi makina omata ndi abwino. Mafuta olerera-oterewa amaphatikizapo mafuta amchere - chitsutso mndandanda wa A10, disicon-desicon, ndi ma policon, osakhala ma poicers a Saamstar.
Amanenedwanso kuti derocular iyi-level iyi imagwiritsa ntchito ma polima ophatikizika osagwiritsidwa ntchito osagwirizana, ndipo wakwaniritsa zabwino m'mapulogalamu okhudzana ndi madzi. Mpweya wa mpweya wa mpweya-wa pregiramu adanenedwa ndi stuut et al. ndi gawo la Acetylene Greycol-bycol-control ndi dentomer ndi zonse zonyowa katundu, monga ma surfynol md 20 ndi surfynol df 37.
Kuphatikiza apo, pofuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira zopangira zero-vac, palinso zotchinga zopanda pake, monga Agitan 315, Agitan E 255, etc.
3 Otsatsa 3:
Pali mitundu yambiri ya otsatsa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma cellulose ndi otumphukira, ophatikizika a alkali-spalluble (hase) ndi polyurethane okulitsa (helyurethanene.
3.1. Cellulose ether ndi zotuluka zake
Hydroxyethyl cellulose (hec) adapangidwa koyamba ndi kampani ya Union Carbide mu 1932, ndipo ali ndi mbiri yoposa zaka zopitilira 70. Pakadali pano, okweza ma cellulose ndi zotulukapo zake makamaka zimaphatikizapo ma hydroxethyl cellulose (mhpc), methyl hydrothyl cellulose (MC) Celrose (Mc) ndi Xanthan chingamu, etc., awa ndi okutira osakhala a ionic, komanso gawo la magawo osagwirizana ndi madzi osagwirizana. Pakati pawo, HeC ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu utoto wa latex.
Hydrophophy Movied Cellose (HMHOC) amayambitsa magulu ochepa kwambiri a hydyl pamutu wa hydrophilic ya cellouse kukhala wophatikizana, monga wa Narosol kuphatikiza SG-100, Brmocoles Ehm-100. Zotsatira zake zakumwamba ndizofanana ndi za cellulose etherkers yokhala ndi kulemera kokulirapo kwambiri. Zimakhala bwino mafayilo ndi kuwongolera ico, ndikuchepetsa kusokonezeka kwa mawonekedwe, monga kusokonezeka kwa Hec kuli pafupifupi 67mm / m, ndipo nkhawa za Hhehec ndi 55-65m / m.
3.2 Alkali-Sweclele
Maluwa owuma alkali-swalleb agawidwa m'magulu awiri: osagwirizana ndi alkali-spancele (ase) ndi othandizira alkali-spalluble (hase), omwe ndi owaza anyezi. Aser Osagwirizana ndi a Polyacirry alkali kutupa. Kuphatikiza kwa hadhaut ndi njira yosinthika yosinthika ya polyacryte alkali kutukuka emulsion.
3.3. Polyurethane Thickener ndi Hydrophobhobhokelly yosinthidwa osakhala ndi polyirethane
Polurethane Thickener, amatchedwa Heur, ndi gulu la hydrophobic-losinthidwa polyrethane madzi-sungunuka polymer, womwe ndi wa Thicker yophatikizana. Heir ali ndi gawo zitatu: gulu la hydrophobic, hydrophilic tynine ndi gulu la poureurethane. Gulu la Hydrophophobic limachita mbali yolumikizana ndipo ndi chinthu chothandiza kwambiri, nthawi zambiri olerll, oyang'anira dodecyl, omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma polytuthylene ndi zochokera. Chidziwitso cha matope a Heir chimakulitsidwa ndi magulu a polyurethaine, monga Ipdi, TDI ndi HMDI. Mbali yazida zophatikizana ndi anthu ophatikizika ndikutha ndi magulu a hydrophobic. Komabe, kuchuluka kwa magulu a hydrophobic m'malekezero onse a mandimu ena omwe ali ndi maphokoso omwe ali ndi 0,9, ndipo abwino kwambiri ali ndi 1.7 okha. Zochitikazo ziyenera kulamulidwa mwamphamvu kuti mupeze polyurethaner yotsekera ndi kuchuluka kopapatiza molemphuka ndi ntchito yokhazikika. Madzuwa ambiri amaphatikizidwa ndi polymerization wofanana, motero phokoso lomwe limapezeka pamasewera ambiri nthawi zambiri ndimamwa zolemera.
Richey et al. Kugwiritsa ntchito fluorescent tracer pyrene mayanjano (Pat, nambala ya ma celecular olemera 30000) kuti muchepetse ma 1.02% (kulemera), 825 ndi Pat inali pafupi 6. The Mphamvu Zamagetsi pakati pa Thicker ndi pamwamba pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tiri pafupifupi 25 kj / mol; Dera lomwe lili ndi Thculener Moleky Pamalo a Thralics Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi pafupifupi 13 NM2, zomwe zili pafupi ndi malo okhala ndi Triton X-405 NM2. Kuyanjanitsa polyirethane kumaliseche monga RM-2020nrr, DSX 1550, etc.
Kukula kwa chilengedwe cham'madera pozizira obanki alanje akulandila chidwi. Mwachitsanzo, Byk-425 ndi a Ureo-Free Ureathane Thicker. Rheant 210, Borchi Gel 0434, FOSCOPUS 3010, 3030 ndi 3060 ndi kuphatikiza pouyurethane yopanda tanthauzo.
Kuphatikiza pa mzere wogwirizana ndi poldurethane okulitsa omwe adafotokozedwa pamwambapa, palinso chisa, monga kugwirizanitsa polyiretharene oba. The-yotchedwa bet ochezera polyirethane Thicker amatanthauza kuti pali gulu la kachilombo ka penderophobic pakati pa molekyulu aliyense wa Thickener. Otsatsa oterewa ngati SCT-200 ndi Sct-275 etc.
The hydrophost yosinthika ya Aminoplast yosinthika (Hydrophopher adasinthidwa a aminoplast tlickener-kutentha) Magulu a Amino a Amino ali m'magulu anayi a Hydrophobic, koma ndalama zomwe zidalipo ndizosiyana. Muzowonjezera magulu a hydrophobic, pali magulu awiri a hydrophobic okha, kotero kuti apanga ma hydrophobic osinthika a amino Thuti Zomwe zimachitika zitha kusintha kuti zitheke ma amno olima okhala ndi magulu osiyanasiyana a hydrophobic. Zachidziwikire, izi ndi chisa chachikulu. Ino ya Hydrophobic yosinthidwa imatha kuletsa utoto wa utoto kuti uchotse chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa zochulukirapo ndipo glycol solfornts pomwe zofananira zimawonjezeredwa. Cholinga chake ndi chakuti magulu amphamvu a hydrophobic amphamvu amatha kupewa kuthekera, ndipo magulu angapo hydrophobic amakhala ndi mayanjano olimba. Otsatsa oterewa monga Oltiflo TV.
Hydrophobic Red Polyther Thickener (HMPE) magwiridwe antchito a hydrophofhobucally wosinthika ndi wofanana, ndipo zinthuzo zimaphatikizaponso zingwe za EROFY 800 ndi NHS210 ya Hercules.
Makina ake okulirapo ndi mphamvu ya onse hydrogen yolumikizana ndi magulu omaliza. Poyerekeza ndi otuwa wamba, imakhala ndi ma odana ndi zisudzo komanso ma samu-sag. Malinga ndi m'mabuku osiyanasiyana a magulu omaliza, otsatsa osinthika a polyirea amatha kugawidwa m'mitundu itatu: Medium Polarity Ourum Backkers ndi mkulu wokulirapo paulyurea. Awiri oyamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokutira zosinthika, pomwe okumbika-porouty polarea amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito polankhula ndi zotupa za polarity ndi zokutira zamadzi. Zogulitsa zamalonda zotsika kwambiri, sing'anga polarity ndi mkulu polarity outker ndi Byk-411, Byk-410 ndi Byland.
Kusinthidwa kwa Polwomide Wax Slurry ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo osakirana ndi magulu a hydrophilic monga pig mu makele a amidex. Pakadali pano, mitundu ina imachokera kunja ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusinthitsa thixotropy ya dongosolo ndikusintha anti-thixotropy. Magwiridwe antchito a Anti-Sag.
Post Nthawi: Nov-22-2022