Kapangidwe ka cellulose et

Zomangira ziwiricellulose earsamaperekedwa mu zisindikizo 1.1 ndi 1.2. Chilichonse cha β-d-de-drobrated mphesa molekyu ya cellulose

The shuga

gulu la eyathe. Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa magulu a hydroxyl, cellulose macromolecles ali ndi maulendo a hymulecular ndi intermorolecular, omwe ndi ovuta kusungunuka m'madzi.

Ndipo nkovuta kusungunuka pafupifupi onse oyipitsidwa. Komabe, mutatha kusinthika ma cellulose, magulu a ether amayambitsidwa mu ma molecular cheni,

Mwanjira imeneyi, maofesi a hydrojeni mkati ndi pakati pa mamolekyulu a cellulose amawonongedwa, ndipo hydrophicity yake imasinthidwanso, kotero kuti kusandutsidwa kwake kumatha kusintha.

anasintha kwambiri. Pakati pawo, Chithunzi 1.1 ndiye kapangidwe ka magawo awiri a ma anil molelul ethal ether ether ether ether ethel ethel ethel ethel ethel ethel ethel ether

kapena okhazikika m'malo. 1.2 Chidutswa cha Carboxymethyl hydroxethyl cellulose ma celluul molecular molekula

Digiri yolowa ya hydroxyethyl ndi 2.0, ndipo digiri ya molar ndi 3.0.

Kwa gawo lililonse la cellulose, kuchuluka kwake kokwanira kumatha kufotokozedwa ngati mulingo wazolowa (DS). wopangidwa ndi ulusi

Itha kuwoneka kuchokera pamtundu wa molekyulu wa prime kuti kuchuluka kwa zolowa m'malo kuyambira 0-3. Ndiye kuti, aliyense wa anitgecose

, chiwerengero cha ma hydroxyl olowa m'malo mwa mitundu ya wothandizila. Chifukwa cha gulu la hydroxyalkyl la cellulose, lomwe limalowa m'malo mwake

Kuyesa kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi gulu latsopano la hydroxyl. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa kulowetsa mtundu wamtunduwu wa ethel ether amatha kufotokozedwa m'mapangidwe.

kuchuluka kwa zolowa m'malo (ms). Kuchuluka kwa molar kwa cholowa cha cholowa kumawonetsa kuchuluka kwa wothandizila wowonjezeredwa ku terhyroglucose iliyonse ya cellulose

Pafupifupi unyinji wa zopereka.

Kapangidwe kakang'ono ka Glucose

2 zidutswa za cellulose ether ma unyolo

1.2.2 Kugawa kwa cellulose etrase

Kaya cellulose eders ndi amodzi kapena osakanikirana nawo, katundu wawo ndi wosiyana. Cellulose macromolecles

Ngati gulu la hydroxyl la mphete ya unit yagawidwa ndi gulu la hydrophilic, malonda amatha kukhala ndi gawo lotsika la cholowa m'malo mwa gawo lotsika.

Ili ndi madzi ena osusuka; Ngati yalowa m'malo mwa gulu la hydrophobic, malonda ali ndi gawo lina la cholowa pokhapokha ngati digiri yazolowa ili.

Makina osungunuka madzi ocheperako a cellulose amatha kungotupa m'madzi, kapena kusungunuka mosalekeza njira ya alkali

pakati.

Malinga ndi mitundu ya magantipontimita, cellulose eders imatha kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: magulu a alkyl, monga methyl cellulose, ethyl cellose;

Hydroxyaxyalyls, monga hydroththyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose; Ena, monga Carboxymethyl cellulose, etc. ngati ma ionaniza

Gulu, cellulose eders zitha kugawidwa: Ionic, monga carboxymethyl cellulose; osakhala ionic, monga hydrothyl cellulose; wosakanizidwa

mtundu, monga hydroxethyl carboxymethyl cellulose. Malinga ndi gulu la kusandulika, cellulose amatha kugawidwa: madzi osungunuka, monga carboxymethyl cellose,

Hydroxyethyl cellulose; Madzi - zopanda pake, monga methyl cellulose, etc.

1.2.3 katundu ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kwa cellulose et

Cellulose ether ndi mtundu wa malonda atatha kusinthasintha kwa cellulose kusinthidwa, ma cellulose ether ali ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika kwambiri. ngati

Ili ndi katundu wabwino wopanga mafilimu; Monga phala losindikiza, ili ndi madzi abwino kususuka, makulidwe, kusungidwa kwamadzi komanso kukhazikika;

5

Ether ether ndi wopanda fungo, wopanda poizoni, ndipo ali ndi zinthu zabwino. Pakati pawo, Carboxymethyl cellulose (cmc) ali ndi "mafakitale monoodium glutamate"

dzina.

1.2.3.1 mapangidwe filimu

Kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa cellulose ether kumapangitsa kwakukulu pa mawonekedwe ake okhala ngati mawonekedwe a filimu ndi mphamvu yolumikizana. Cellulose ether

Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zabwino komanso kugwirizana ndi matekitsi osiyanasiyana, itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mafilimu apulasitiki, omatira ndi zinthu zina.

Kukonzekera zakuthupi.

1.2.3.2 Kusungunuka

Chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa magulu ambiri a hydroxyl pa mphete ya oxygen okhala ndi udzu wa glucose, cellulose eders ali ndi madzi abwinobwino. ndi

Depending on the cellulose ether substituent and the degree of substitution, there are also different selectivity for organic solvents.

1.2.3.3 Kukula

Cellulose ether imasungunuka munjira ya colloid, komwe mumakhala kuchuluka kwa polymerization kwa cellulose etheluluse

Kutulutsa kwa ether. Mosiyana ndi madzi a ku Newtonian, mamasukidwe a ethel ethel ethels amasintha ndi mphamvu yamahanga, ndipo

Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka macromolecles, mafayilo a njirayi adzachulukana mwachangu ndikuwonjezera kolimba kwa cellulose ether ether, komabe yankho la mavalo

Ma utuvecnce amachepetsa mwachangu ndi kutentha kwambiri [33].

1.2.3.4 Kuwonongeka

Cellulose yothetsera ma cellulose kusungunuka m'madzi kwakanthawi idzamera mabakiteriya, potero kupanga mabakiteriya a enzyme ndikuwononga cellulose ether.

Zovala zapamwamba za Glucose zoyandikana nazo, potero kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma macromolecule. Chifukwa chake, cellulose et

Kusungidwa kwa mayankho am'madzi kumafunikira kuwonjezera kwa osungirako ena.

Kuphatikiza apo, cellulose etars ali ndi zinthu zina zambiri zapamwamba monga zochitika zapadzikoli, ionic ntchito, zokhazikika ndi zowonjezera

kuchitapo kanthu. Chifukwa cha zinthu izi, cellosese yokhazikika zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matumba, zopanga zopanga, zopangidwa, zodzola, zodzola, chakudya, mankhwala

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda yambiri.

1.3 Kuyambitsa kubzala zomera

Kuchokera pa chidule cha 1.2 ether Ether, itha kuwoneka kuti zopangira pokonzekera cellulose ether ether ether ether ether ether ethel cellose, ndi imodzi mwamalemba awa

Ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ma cellulose omwe amachotsedwa kubzala zomera kuti alowetse cellon cellouse pokonza ma etherse ether ether. Izi ndi mawu oyamba kwa mbewuyo

nkhani.

Monga mafuta wamba monga mafuta, malasha ndi gasi wachilengedwe akuchepera, kukula kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana potengera iwo, monga mafilimu a pansi, nawonso adzaletsedwa. Ndi chitukuko mosalekeza kwa anthu ndi mayiko padziko lonse lapansi (makamaka

Ndi dziko lotukuka) yemwe amasamalira kwambiri vuto la kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe. Cellulose yachilengedwe imakhala ndi biodegradiimation ndi mgwirizano wachilengedwe.

Pang'onopang'ono imadzakhala gwero lalikulu la zida zazikulu zamitundu.