Ndi zowonjezera ziti zomwe zimalimbitsa matope?

Simenti ya Portland: Monga chigawo chofunikira cha dothi, simenti ya Portland imathandizira kuti ikhale yamphamvu. Imathira madzi kuti ipange zosakaniza za simenti, zomangirira pamodzi.
Laimu: Tondo lachikale nthawi zambiri limaphatikizapo laimu, lomwe limapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yabwino komanso yapulasitiki. Laimu amathandizanso kuti matope azitha kudzichiritsa okha ndikuwonjezera kukana kwake ku nyengo.

Silica Fume: Chida cha Ultrafine ichi, chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chopangidwa ndi silicon, chimagwira ntchito kwambiri ndipo chimapangitsa kuti matope azitha kulimba komanso kulimba kwake podzaza ma voids ndikukweza masanjidwe a simenti.
Phulusa la Fly: Chopangidwa ndi malasha, phulusa la ntchentche limapangitsa kuti ntchito zitheke, zimachepetsa kutentha, komanso zimawonjezera mphamvu ndi kulimba kwa nthawi yayitali pochita ndi calcium hydroxide kupanga mankhwala owonjezera a simenti.

Metakaolin: Wopangidwa ndi calcining dongo la kaolin pa kutentha kwakukulu, metakaolin ndi pozzolan yomwe imawonjezera mphamvu yamatope, imachepetsa kupenya, komanso imapangitsa kuti ikhale yolimba pochita ndi calcium hydroxide kupanga mankhwala owonjezera a simenti.
Zowonjezera Polima: Ma polima osiyanasiyana, monga latex, acrylics, ndi mphira wa styrene-butadiene, amatha kuwonjezeredwa kumatope kuti azitha kumamatira, kusinthasintha, kulimba, komanso kukana madzi ndi mankhwala.

Cellulose Ether: Zowonjezera izi zimathandizira kugwira ntchito, kusunga madzi, komanso kumamatira kwamatope. Amachepetsanso kuchepa ndi kung'ambika kwinaku akukulitsa kulimba komanso kukana kuzungulira kwa kuzizira.
Superplasticizers: Zowonjezera izi zimathandizira kutuluka kwa matope popanda kuwonjezera madzi, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito komanso kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa madzi owonjezera, omwe amatha kusokoneza mphamvu.
Zopangira Mpweya: Mwa kuphatikiza tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta mpweya mumatope, zopangira mpweya zimathandizira kugwira ntchito, kukana kusungunuka kwamadzi, komanso kulimba polola kusintha kwa mphamvu chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwa kutentha.
Calcium Chloride: Pang'ono pang'ono, calcium chloride imafulumizitsa kusungunuka kwa simenti, kuchepetsa nthawi yokhazikitsa ndi kupititsa patsogolo kukula kwa mphamvu. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kungayambitse dzimbiri pakulimbitsa.

Zowonjezera zochokera ku Sulfate: Zinthu monga gypsum kapena calcium sulfate zimatha kupititsa patsogolo kukana kwa matope ku sulphate komanso kuchepetsa kufalikira komwe kumachitika pakati pa ayoni a sulfate ndi magawo a aluminate mu simenti.
Corrosion Inhibitors: Zowonjezera izi zimateteza zitsulo zokhazikika kuti zisawonongeke, motero zimasunga kukhulupirika kwadongosolo komanso moyo wautali wazinthu zamatope.
Nkhumba Zamitundu: Ngakhale sizimalimbitsa matope mwachindunji, mitundu yamitundu imatha kuwonjezeredwa kuti iwonjezere kukongola komanso kukana kwa UV, makamaka pazomangamanga.
Zowonjezera Zochepetsera Shrinkage: Zowonjezera izi zimachepetsa kuchepa kwa madzi pochepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi, kukulitsa mphamvu ya ma bond, ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mpweya pakuchiritsa.
Ma Microfibers: Kuphatikiza ma microfibers, monga polypropylene kapena ulusi wagalasi, kumapangitsa kuti matope asasunthike komanso kuti azisinthasintha, amachepetsa kung'amba ndi kukulitsa kulimba, makamaka m'zigawo zopyapyala.

zowonjezera zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupititsa patsogolo zinthu zamatope, ndipo kusankha kwawo mwanzeru ndikugwiritsa ntchito ndikofunikira kuti tipeze mphamvu, kulimba, ndi magwiridwe antchito pamagwiritsidwe osiyanasiyana.