Ndi mitundu iti yomwe imachepetsa madzi ndi mawonekedwe awoani?

Mankhwala ochepetsa madzi, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ma pulasitiki kapena superplarizers, ndi zowonjezera zamankhwala zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito konkriti ndi matope kuti musinthe zinthu, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito. Pali mitundu ingapo ya othandizira madzi, iliyonse yokhala ndi mawonekedwe ndi ntchito zake. Nazi mitundu yodziwika:

1. Ligsulfonites: Ligsulfonites imachokera ku prg zamkati ndipo ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yakale kwambiri ya othandizira madzi. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yomweyo kusakaniza konkriti kuti muchepetse kugwirira ntchito komanso kuchepetsa umunthu wamadzi mukakhalabe wolimba. Lignolfonites ndi mtengo wokwera mtengo komanso wogwirizana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya simenti.
2. Natihthalene sulfonites: Madzi am'madzi a Sulfolene amagwiritsa ntchito bwino kuti athetse mankhwala m'maseti a konkriti mukamasintha maluwa. Ali oyenera kwambiri pakupanga konkriti yayikulu yokhala ndi ma ratios a simenti. Naphthalene sulfonites amathanso kuthandizanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha tsankho komanso magazi ku konkriti.
3. Melamine sulfonites: Madzi am'madzi amkati amapereka mphamvu yayikulu yamadzi poyerekeza ndi lignosulfonites ndi aputoneene salponites. Amathandiza kwambiri, mphamvu zoyambirira zoyambirira, komanso kulimba kwambiri pakusakaniza konkriti. Melamine sulfonites nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito malemu ogwiritsira ntchito monkriti monga puctary.
4. Polycaxoxtlate eya (mafinya): Polycapotettotrate ndi m'badwo watsopano wamadzi opulumutsa madzi odziwika bwino ndi kusintha kwawo kwapamwamba komanso kusiyanasiyana. Amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri madzi mu konkriti sakanikirana ndikusungabe nthawi yayitali. Zithunzi zimapatsana bwino kufanana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya simenti ndi ma admixtives ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mongoganiza bwino (scc) ndi konkriti yoyendetsedwa (HPC).
5. Kuphatikiza ka Advinaltures: Mankhwala ena ochepetsa madzi amapangidwa ngati othandizirana, omwe angaphatikizepo kuphatikiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala kuti akwaniritse zolinga zapadera. Akwatiwo amatha kupereka zotsatira za syrnergist, monga kusungunuka bwino, kukulitsa mphamvu kukula, kapena kuchepetsa mpweya.

Makhalidwe a othandizira madzi angaphatikizeponso:

• Kuchepetsa Madzi: Ntchito yoyambirira yothetsa madzi ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa madzi osakanikira komwe kumafunikira kuti akwaniritse kusinthasintha kwa konkriti kapena matope. Izi zimathandiza kukonza mphamvu, kukhazikika, komanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zinthuzo pamene mukuchepetsa chiopsezo cha tsankho komanso magazi.
• Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Mankhwala ochepetsa madzi amathandizira kugwirira ntchito komanso kuchepa kwa zosakanikirana kwa zosakanikirana, kulola kuyika kosavuta ndikuphatikizira popanda kupereka mphamvu kapena kuphatikizira. Amathandizira kuti agawidwe ofanana ndi zifananizo ndi zinthu zingapo zosakanikirana.
• Kugwirizana: Othandizira ochepetsa madzi ayenera kukhala ogwirizana ndi ma addictures ndi owonjezera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kusakaniza konkriti, monga othandizira mpweya, amakhazikitsa ogulitsa, komanso othamanga. Kugwirizana kumatsimikizira kuti zomwe mukufuna ndi magwiridwe antchito a konkriti zimatheka popanda kusokonekera kapena zotsatira zoyipa.
• Mlingo wa Mlingo: Kuthandiza kwa mankhwala ochepetsera madzi kumadalira mlingo, womwe nthawi zambiri umafotokozedwa ngati gawo lazinthu zomwe zili muzosakanikirana. Mitengo yabwino kwambiri imatha kukhala yosiyanasiyana kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi zinthu monga mtundu wa simenti, mawonekedwe ophatikizika, kutentha kozungulira, ndikukonzekera konkriti.
• Kukhazikitsa Nthawi: Mankhwala ena ochepetsa madzi atha kupangitsa kuti nthawi ya ma Connet2 itha kusintha ma concrete, ngakhale kuthamanga kapena kubweza nthawi yoyambirira ndi yomaliza. Mlingo woyenera ndi kusankha kwa mandimu amadzi ndikofunikira kuti mukwaniritse mawonekedwe omwe akufuna kuti agwiritse ntchito zomanga zina.
• Mtengo ndi magwiridwe antchito: Zofunikira monga kuchuluka kwa mtengo wodula, zomwe zikugwirizana, ndipo zojambula zake zimagwira ntchito yofunika posankha wothandizira wogwiritsa ntchito madzi pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena. Ndikofunikira kuwunika zabwino ndi malire olephera mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamadzi kuti mudziwe njira yoyenera yofunikira polojekiti.

Mankhwala ochepetsa madzi amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakutha kugwiritsa ntchito magwiridwe ake ndi kukhazikika kwa konkriti ndi kusakani kwa matope, kulola kuti pakhale malo opangira nyumba zomalizidwa.