1 IRIBURIRO
Ubushinwa bwateje imbere minisiteri yiteguye imyaka irenga 20. Cyane cyane mu myaka yashize, amashami ya leta ajyanye na leta ajyanye n'akamaro mu iterambere ry'iterambere ryiteguye kandi rihabwa politiki atera inkunga. Kugeza ubu, hari intara zirenga 10 zo mugihugu cyakoresheje minisiteri yiteguye. Kurenga 60%, hari ibigo birenga 800 biteguye hagati yimibare isanzwe, hamwe nubushobozi bwumwaka bwo gushushanya toni miliyoni 274. Muri 2021, umusaruro wa buri mwaka witeguye kuri minisiteri uvanze ni toni miliyoni 62.02.
Mugihe cyo kubaka, minisiteri akenshi itakaza amazi menshi kandi ntabwo afite umwanya uhagije n'amazi kugirango adaha imbaraga kandi bikaviramo imbaraga zidahagije no kuvuza sima. Ubuturo bwa selile ni polymer isanzwe kuri minisiteri yumye. Ifite imikorere yo kugumana amazi, kubyimba, kudindira no kwishora mu kirere, kandi birashobora kunoza cyane imikorere ya minisiteri.
Kugirango mortar yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa kandi bikemuke ibibazo byo guswera no gukurura imbaraga nke, bifite akamaro gakomeye kugirango wongere selile ether kuri minisiteri. Iyi ngingo itangiza muri make ibimenyetso bya selile ningaruka zayo kubikorwa byibikoresho bishingiye ku byaro, yizeye ko bizakemura ibibazo bijyanye na tekiniki byiteguye.
2 Intangiriro Kuri Noheri
Cellulose Ether (ether ether) ikozwe muri selile yanyuze muburyo bwa hantu hantu hantu hantu hataha cyangwa guhangayikishwa no gusya.
2.1 Ibyiciro bya selire
Dukurikije imiterere yimiti ya ether abasimbuye, abakoresha selile barashobora kugabanywamo muri ainic, bates na batanduye. Ionic selile ikubiyemo ahanini ikubiyemo imodoka ya Carboxymethyl ether churther (cmc); Abakoresha selile badafite selile barimo methyl selile (mc), hydroxypropyl methyl methyl Methyl Mether (HPMC) na hydroxyEthyl fibre (HC) nibindi. Abanyamahanga batari ivite bagabanijwemo bagabanijwemo amazi n'amavuta yo gukemura amavuta. Abatanga amazi atari make bikoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa bya mirtar. Imbere ya Calcium ions, ionic sellese selver idahungabana, nuko badakoreshwa gake mumye-byuma rwimiryango ikoresha ibikoresho, bicisha Lime, nibindi nkibikoresho byo kubunga. Abatanga amazi adasanzwe bashonga amazi akoreshwa cyane mu nganda zo kubaka kubera umutekano wahagaritswe no kuba hafi y'amazi.
Nk'uko abakozi batandukanye bakurikiranwe mu buryo bwo gutangiza, ibikomoka kuri selile birimo methyl Methymethyl Methymethyl Methymethyl Methymethyl Methyle Benzyl cyanoethyyl selile na Phenyl selile.
Abashiraho selile bakoresheje muri minisiteri ubusanzwe barimo Methyl Cellulose (MC), HPDROXYPropyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methy muri Methy
2.2 Imitungo ya chimique ya selile ether
Buri selile ether ifite imiterere yibanze yububiko bwa selile. Muburyo bwo gutanga selile ether, fibre ya selile ishyuha bwa mbere mubisubizo bya alkaline hanyuma bivurwa numukozi ushishikaje. Ibicuruzwa bya fibrous reaction byegerejwe nubutaka kugirango ukore ifu imwe hamwe nibyiza runaka.
Mubikorwa bya MC, gusa methyl chloride ikoreshwa nkumukozi ushishikaje; Usibye methyl chloride, okiside ya proplene nayo ikoreshwa kugirango ibone smoredroppeyl abasimbuye HPMC. Abahanga bashya ba Celipi bafite The Christyl na HydroxyPropyl Ibiciro byo gusimbuza ibyanganiye, bigira ingaruka kumiterere kama nubushyuhe bwa gel yubushyuhe bwa selile ether.
2.3 Ibiranga ibiranga selile
Ubuzima bwo kuvugurura bwa Celilose bwabamwe na Ether bagira uruhare runini ku gikorwa cya sima. Uburenganzira bwa Cellulose burashobora gukoreshwa mugutezimbere ubumwe no kugumana amazi ya sima, ariko ibi biterwa na selile ether bikaba byuzuye byuzuye mumazi. Ibintu nyamukuru bireba iseswa rya selile ni igihe cyo gutandukana, gukurura umuvuduko nubwiza bwifu.
2.4 Uruhare rwo kuniha muri sima
Nkikibazo cyingenzi cyo gucibwa na sima, kurimbura bifite ingaruka zayo mubikurikira.
(1) Kunoza imikorere ya minisiteri kandi byongera virkositimu ya minisiteri.
Gukora indege ya flame irashobora kubuza minisiteri gutandukana no kubona umubiri wa pulasitike. Kurugero, ibyumba birimo hemc, hpmc, nibindi, byoroshye kuri minisiteri yoroheje kandi ya plaster. , Igipimo cyo gutora, ubushyuhe, kwibanda ku ntera kandi bishonga umunyu.
(2) Ifite ingaruka zishingiye ku kirere.
Kubera umwanda, gutangiza amatsinda mu bice bigabanya imbaraga zubuso, kandi biroroshye kumenyekanisha ibice bihamye, kimwe nibintu byiza muri mirtar bivanze na minisiteri ikanga "Kunoza umupira" biteza imbere imikorere yubwubatsi ya minisiteri, bigabanya ubushuhe bwa minisiteri kandi bigabanya ubushyuhe bwa minisiteri. Ibizamini byerekanye ko iyo uvanze na HPMC na HPMC ari 0.5%, ibikubiye muri minisiteri nicyo kinini, nka 55%; Iyo amafaranga yo kuvanga arenze 0.5%, ibikubiye muri minisiteri biragenda bikura buhoro buhoro mubirimo bya gaze nkuko amafaranga yiyongera.
(3) Komeza udahinduka.
Ibishashara birashobora gushonga, gusiga amavuta no gukangura muri minisiteri, kandi byorohereza ifu yoroshye ya minisiteri na peteroli. Ntabwo ikeneye gutontoma mbere. Nyuma yo kubaka, ibikoresho bifatika birashobora kandi kugira igihe kirekire cyo gukomeza kuzenguruka ku nkombe kugirango utezimbere amahano hagati ya minisiteri na substrate.
Ingaruka zo guhinduranya kwa selile ku bikoresho bishya bishingiye kuri sima bishingiye cyane cyane birimo kubyimba, kugumana amazi, no kwigomeka no kudindira. Hamwe no gukoresha ibijyanye na selile ya selile mubikoresho bishingiye kuri sima, imikoranire hagati ya selile na sima irahagarara buhoro buhoro iba hotspot yubushakashatsi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-16-2021