Ubumenyi bwa chimique ibisobanuro nitandukaniro rya fibre, selile na selile

Fibre:

Fibre, murwego rwo kurwara cya chimie nibikoresho siyanse, bivuga ibyiciro byibikoresho birangwa nimiterere miremire, yuzuye urudodo. Ibi bikoresho bigizwe na polymers, nibibi binini bigizwe no gusubiramo ibice byitwa monomers. Fibre irashobora kuba isanzwe cyangwa synthique, kandi basanga bakoresheje cyane mu nganda zinyuranye harimo imyenda, abahiga, na biomedicine.

Fibre karemano ikomoka mubimera, inyamaswa, cyangwa amabuye y'agaciro. Ingero zirimo ipamba, ubwoya, ubudodo, na asibesitosi. Kurundi ruhande, fibre, kurundi ruhande, bakozwe mubintu bya shimi binyuze muburyo nka polymerizira. Nylon, Polyester, na Acrylic ni ingero zisanzwe za fibre ya synthetic.

Mubice bya chimie, ijambo "fibre" mubisanzwe bivuga imiterere yibikoresho aho kuba imiti. Fibre irangwa nigipimo cyihariye cyo kwikuramo, bivuze ko ari ndende cyane kuruta ko bakugari. Iyi nyubako ndende itanga imitungo nkimbaraga, guhinduka, no kuramba mubikoresho, bituma fibre yingenzi muburyo butandukanye muburyo butandukanye bwivanze mumyenda kugirango bashimangire mubikoresho bisanzwe.

Cellulose:

Selileni polysaccharide, ni ubwoko bw'akabiri igizwe n'iminyururu ndende ya molekile. Nubukorikori bwimbere cyane kwisi kandi ni igice cyukuri kurukuta rw'akagari cyibimera. Mu mvurungano, selile igizwe no gusubiramo ibice bya glucose bihujwe hamwe na β-1,4-GLYCOsic Bonds.

Imiterere ya selile ni fibrous cyane, hamwe na molekile kugiti cye ihuza muri microfibrils ko ibindi binini bitera imiterere minini nka fibre. Izi fibre zitanga inkunga yububiko kugirango zitere selile, ubaha imbaraga nimbaraga. Usibye uruhare rwayo mu bimera, selile nabyo ni igice kinini cya fibre kiboneka mu mbuto, imboga, n'ibinyampeke. Abantu ntibabura imisemburo zikenewe kugirango basenye selile, niko bigenda binyuze kuri sisitemu yo gusya ahanini, bigafasha mu igogora no guteza imbere ubuzima bw'amara.

Cellulose ifite ibyifuzo byinshi byinganda bitewe nubwinshi, ubushobozi, nibiranga byifuzwa nka biodegrafiya, biocompat, nimbaraga. Bikunze gukoreshwa mumusaruro wimpapuro, imyenda, ibikoresho byo kubaka, na biomuels.

Cellulose Ether:

Abahanga muri Celefonini itsinda ryibice byimiti biva muri selile binyuze muburozi. Izi mpinduka zirimo kumenyekanisha amatsinda yimikorere, nka HydroxyEthyyl, hydroxypeeppoyl, cyangwa carboxymethyl, kuri selile. Abahanga ba seliki bavuyemo kugumana bimwe mubiranga imiterere ya selile mugihe ntagaragaza imitungo mishya yahawe amatsinda yongeweho.

Imwe mu itandukaniro ryingenzi hagati ya selile na selire ziryamye mubuzima bwabo. Mugihe selile idahujwe mumazi hamwe namashusho meza, abakoresha selile bakunze gushonga amazi cyangwa errahit kubyumvikanye cyangwa bagaragaza ko bamerewe neza mubintu bya kama. Uku kwishyurwa gukora selile bashiraho selile ibikoresho bitandukanye hamwe nibisabwa muburyo butandukanye bwinganda nka faruceti, ibiryo, kwisiga, no kubaka.

Ingero zisanzwe za ELOSHOSE ZIKURIKIRA GEHILYL TOLLECHILOSE (MC), HYDROXYPropyl Tliverlese (HPC), na Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC). Ibi bikoresho bikoreshwa nkibibyimba, bihuza, abigata, nabakozi ba firime bashiraho film muburyo butandukanye. Kurugero, CMC ikoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa byibiribwa nkumukozi wijimye, mugihe HPC ikoreshwa mubutaka bwo kurekurwa ibiyobyabwenge.

Fibre ivuga ibikoresho hamwe nuburyo burebure, bwuzuye, selile ni polymer karemano iboneka murukuta rwibimera, kandi bahanganye na selile bahinduye imitekerereze mibi nibikorwa bitandukanye byinganda. Mugihe churilose itanga imiterere yibimera kandi ikora nk'isoko ya fibre zimirire, extlese enver itange umusaruro wongerewe kandi ushake gukoresha mu nganda zidasanzwe.