1.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)ni selile yingenzi ya selile, ikoreshwa cyane mubwubatsi, imiti, ibiryo, kwisiga nizindi nzego. HPMC ifite umubyimba mwiza, gukora firime, emulisitiya, guhagarika no gufata amazi, bityo igira uruhare runini mubikorwa byinshi. Umusaruro wa HPMC ushingiye ahanini kubikorwa byo guhindura imiti. Mu myaka yashize, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ibinyabuzima, uburyo bwo gukora bushingiye kuri fermentation ya mikorobe nabwo bwatangiye gukurura abantu.
2. Ihame ry'umusaruro wa fermentation ya HPMC
Umusaruro gakondo wa HPMC ukoresha selile naturel nkibikoresho fatizo kandi bikozwe nuburyo bwa chimique nka alkalisation, etherification no gutunganya. Nyamara, iyi nzira ikubiyemo ubwinshi bwumuti wumuti hamwe nubushakashatsi bwimiti, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubidukikije. Kubwibyo, gukoresha fermentation ya mikorobe muguhuza selile no gukomeza etherify byahindutse uburyo bwangiza ibidukikije kandi burambye.
Microbial synthesis ya selile (BC) yabaye ingingo ishyushye mumyaka yashize. Indwara ya bagiteri irimo Komagataeibacter (nka Komagataeibacter xylinus) na Gluconacetobacter irashobora guhuza mu buryo butaziguye selile nziza cyane binyuze muri fermentation. Izi bagiteri zikoresha glucose, glycerol cyangwa izindi nkomoko ya karubone nka substrate, ferment mugihe gikwiye, hamwe na selile ya nanofibers. Indwara ya bacteri selile ishobora guhinduka muri HPMC nyuma ya hydroxypropyl na methylation ihinduwe.
3. Inzira yumusaruro
3.1 Uburyo bwo gusembura bwa selile selile
Gutezimbere uburyo bwa fermentation ningirakamaro mugutezimbere umusaruro nubwiza bwa selile selile. Intambwe zingenzi nizi zikurikira:
Kugenzura no guhinga: Hitamo umusaruro mwinshi wa selile, nka Komagataeibacter xylinus, kugirango ube mu rugo kandi ushimishe.
Uburyo bwa fermentation: Tanga isoko ya karubone (glucose, sucrose, xylose), isoko ya azote (umusemburo, umusemburo, peptone), imyunyu ngugu (fosifate, umunyu wa magnesium, nibindi) hamwe nubugenzuzi (acide acetike, aside citric) kugirango uteze imbere gukura kwa bagiteri no guhuza selile.
Kugenzura imiterere ya fermentation: harimo ubushyuhe (28-30 ℃), pH (4.5-6.0), urwego rwa ogisijeni yashonze (gukurura cyangwa umuco uhagaze), nibindi.
Gukusanya no kweza: Nyuma yo gusembura, selile ya bacteri ikusanywa no kuyungurura, gukaraba, gukama nizindi ntambwe, hanyuma bagiteri zisigara nizindi myanda zikurwaho.
3.2 Hydroxypropyl methylation ihindura selile
Indwara ya bacteri selile yabonetse igomba guhindurwa muburyo bwa chimique kugirango itange ibiranga HPMC. Intambwe zingenzi nizi zikurikira:
Kuvura alkalinisation: shyira muburyo bukwiye bwa NaOH igisubizo kugirango wagure urunigi rwa selile kandi utezimbere ibikorwa bya reaction ya etherification.
Etherification reaction: mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwihariye hamwe na catalitiki, ongeramo okiside ya propylene (hydroxypropylation) na methyl chloride (methylation) kugirango usimbuze selile hydroxyl ya selile kugirango ube HPMC.
Kutabogama no gutunganya: gutesha agaciro aside nyuma yo kubyitwaramo kugirango ikureho imiti itavuwe, hanyuma ubone ibicuruzwa byanyuma ukaraba, kuyungurura no gukama.
Kumenagura no gutondekanya amanota: kumenagura HPMC mubice byujuje ibisobanuro, hanyuma ukabigaragaza hanyuma ukabipakira ukurikije amanota atandukanye.
4. Tekinoroji yingenzi ningamba zo gutezimbere
Gutezimbere imbaraga: kuzamura umusaruro wa selile hamwe nubwiza binyuze mubwubatsi bwa genetike ya mikorobe.
Gutezimbere uburyo bwa fermentation: koresha bioreactors kugirango igenzure imbaraga kugirango utezimbere umusaruro wa selile.
Icyatsi cya etherification yicyatsi: gabanya ikoreshwa ryumuti wumuti kandi utezimbere tekinoroji yangiza ibidukikije yangiza ibidukikije, nka enzyme catalitike ihindura.
Kugenzura ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa: ukoresheje isesengura ryurwego rusimburwa, solubilité, viscosity nibindi bipimo bya HPMC, menya neza ko byujuje ibisabwa.
Bishingiye kuri fermentationHPMCuburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro bufite ibyiza byo kuvugururwa, kubungabunga ibidukikije no gukora neza, ibyo bikaba bijyanye nuburyo bwa chimie yicyatsi niterambere rirambye. Hamwe niterambere ryibinyabuzima, ikoranabuhanga riteganijwe gusimbuza buhoro buhoro uburyo bwa chimique gakondo no guteza imbere ikoreshwa rya HPMC mubijyanye nubwubatsi, ibiryo, ubuvuzi, nibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-11-2025