Cellulose Ether (Celluloseethether) ikozwe muri selile banyuze muburyo bwa hantu hantu hantu hataha Dukurikije imiti itandukanye ya Ether abasimbuye ba Ether, abakoresha selile barashobora kugabanywamo muri ainic, batic na batanduye. Ionic selile ikubiyemo ahanini ikubiyemo imodoka ya Carboxymethyl ether churther (cmc); Abakoresha selile badafite selile barimo methyl selile (MC), HydroxyPropyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl Methyl (HPMC) na HydroxyEthyl Twoher. Chlorine ether (hc) nibindi. Abakoresha ntabwo ba Ioni bigabanyijemo ibice n'amazi n'amavuta yo gukenara amavuta, kandi abahanga mu bitari by'amazi bakoreshwa cyane mu bicuruzwa bya mirtar. Imbere ya Calcium, ionic selile ether ntabwo ari ibintu bidahungabana, ni gake ikoreshwa muburyo bwumutse bwibicuruzwa byumye bikoresha sima, yica Lime, nibindi nkibikoresho byo kubunga. Abatanga ibicuruzwa bitana amazi bakoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byo kubaka kubera umutekano wabo no kugumana amazi.
1. Imiterere yimiti ya selile ether
Buri selile ether ifite imiterere yibanze yimiterere ya selile -anabuza. Muburyo bwo gutanga ibisobanuro bya selile, fibre ya selile yashyutswe bwa mbere mubisubizo bya alkaline, hanyuma bivurwa numukozi ushishikaje. Ibicuruzwa bya fibrous reaction byegerejwe kandi byahagaritswe kugirango ukore ifu imwe hamwe nibyiza runaka.
Mubikorwa bya MC, gusa methyl chloride ikoreshwa nkumukozi wabuze; Usibye methyl chloride, okiside ya proplene nayo ikoreshwa kugirango ibone amatsinda asimbuza hydroxyPropyl mumusaruro wa HPMC. Abahanga mubi na selile bafite methyl na hydroxyPropyl ibipimo byo gusimbuza, bigira ingaruka kumiterere kama hamwe nubushyuhe bwa genile ya selile ya selile.
2. Ibintu byashizweho bya selile
Ubugari bwa selile ni igice kitari emic igice cya sy-synthic polymer, kikaba cyashonze amazi hamwe na societe. Ifite ingaruka zitandukanye munganda zitandukanye. Kurugero, mubikoresho byubaka imiti, ifite ingaruka zikurikira:
Amazi Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama Yama
Mu nganda za chlovinel chloride, ni emulifier no gutabarwa; Mu nganda za farumasi, ni ihuriro ryibikoresho bitinda kandi bigenzurwa kandi bigenzurwa, kuko selile bifite ingaruka zitandukanye zifatika, porogaramu yacyo nayo irakomeye. Ibikurikira byibanda ku ikoreshwa n'imikorere ya selile ether mubikoresho bitandukanye byubaka.
(1) mu kirato cya latex:
Mu nganda za latex irangi, kugirango uhitemo HydroxyAythyl selile, ibisobanuro rusange bya Stuscosity ni RT30000CPS, bihuye n'isobanura Hb250, kandi dosage yerekana muri rusange 1.5 ‰ -2 ‰. Imikorere nyamukuru ya hydroxyyethyl mu kiraro cya latex nukujyanywa, kubuza i peris on pigment, gihambiriye gutanyagura pigment, gituje kuri lapitx, kandi kigatera inkunga iy'ibice by'ubwubatsi: Hydroxyyethyl selile irariyoroshye gukoresha. Irashobora gushonga mumazi akonje namazi ashyushye, kandi ntabwo bigira ingaruka ku gaciro ya PH. Irashobora gukoreshwa hamwe namahoro yo mumutima mugihe agaciro ka PI ari hagati ya 2 na 12. Uburyo bwo gukoresha ni ibi bikurikira: Kuri ubu buryo, hydroxyAyl ubwoko bwitinda bugomba gutotezwa Igihe cyo kuvura kirenze iminota 30. Intambwe ni izi zikurikira: ① shyira muri kontineri ifite agitator yo hejuru. Amazi meza ②tart akurura ubudahwema, kandi icyarimwe yongeraho hydroxiethyl mubikoresho byose byamazi , hanyuma ongeraho ibindi bice muri formula, hanyuma usya kugeza ibicuruzwa byarangiye. Ⅱ. Gukoresha inzoga za Mama kugirango ukoreshe nyuma: Ubu buryo burashobora guhitamo ako kanya, bifite ingaruka zo kurwanya mildew. Ibyiza byubu buryo nuko ifite guhinduka cyane kandi irashobora kongeweho ipaki ya latex. Uburyo bwo gutegura ni kimwe nintambwe ①-④. Ⅲ. Tegura igikoma kugirango ukoreshe nyuma: Kubera ko imbibi zidakemuka ari nkennye (ibidashobora) kuri hydroxyethyyl, ibi bicuruzwa birashobora gukoreshwa mugutegura pororge. Ibicuruzwa bikunze gukoreshwa ni amazi meza muri latex irangi, nka royone glycol, nka propylene glycol, hamwe nabakozi ba firime (nka sipilelene glycol butyl acetate). Igikori hydroxyyeryl selile irashobora kongeweho irangi. Komeza guhagurukira kugeza gushonga rwose.
(2) mu rukuta rukuraho urukuta:
Muri iki gihe, mu mijyi myinshi yo mu gihugu cyanjye, qust yo kurwanya amazi n'abagenzi bacu bahanganye bahawe agaciro gakomeye n'abantu. Ikozwe na acetal reaction ya vinyl inzoga na formaldehyde. Kubwibyo, ibi bikoresho bivambuwe buhoro buhoro nabantu, kandi selile ya selile yatunganijwe ikoreshwa mugusimbuza ibi bikoresho. Nukuvuga, kubushake bwibikoresho byubaka ibidukikije, ubutugo ni ibintu byonyine. Mu rwego rwo kurwanya amazi, igabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: ifu yumye ipakira kandi ipakira paste. Muri ubwo bwoko bubiri bwa putty, bwahinduwe methyl selile na hydroxypropyl methyl igomba gutorwa. Ibisobanuro byagaragaye muri rusange biri hagati ya 30000-600CPS. Imirimo nyamukuru ya selile ishonga ni ifungwa ry'amazi, ihuza no gusiga amavuta. Kubera ko ibiganiro byambere byabakora bitandukanye, bamwe ni calcium yubururu, calcium yoroheje, sima, na bamwe muri Calcium, nibindi, virusire ya selile Inzira ebyiri ziratandukanye kandi. Amafaranga yongeweho ni 2 ‰ -3 ‰. Mububatsi bwurukuta rushobora gushonga Huza hamwe no guhumeka kwisi, niba gushiramo amazi vuba, bizaganisha ku gikona cyangwa gukuraho ifu, bizagabanya imbaraga zabashonga. Kubwibyo, ongeraho ether entique izakemura iki kibazo. Ariko ubwiza bwuzuzanya, cyane cyane ubuziranenge bwa calcium ya Ash nayo ni ngombwa cyane. Kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi bwa selile, buoyancy yo muri quol nayo yiyongera, kandi ibintu byatewe mugihe cyo kubaka no kubaka kandi birindwa kandi, kandi biroroshye kandi byo kuzigama imirimo nyuma yo gusiba. Nibyiza cyane kongeramo selile ether mu ifu ya prowder. Umusaruro wacyo no gukoresha biroroshye. Umwuka kandi kongeweho birashobora kuvanga ku ifu yumye.
(3) Mriste Terar:
Muri minisiteri ndube beje, kugirango bagere ku mbaraga zihebuje, CEVEME igomba kuba iryamye. Cyane cyane mu kubaka icyuho, minisiteri itoroshye itakaza amazi vuba, kandi ingamba zo gukumira byuzuye zikoreshwa mugukomeza no kuminjagira amazi. Guta umutungo no kubaga, urufunguzo nuko amazi ari hejuru, kandi umukero wimbere uracyafite imbaraga zikibazo umunani, muri rusange hitamo hydroxypropyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl methyl Cyangwa methyl selile, ibisobanuro bya vinosity biri hagati ya 20000-60000CPS, kandi umubare winyongera ni 2% -3%. Igipimo cyo kugumana amazi gishobora kwiyongera kugera kuri 85%. Uburyo bwo gukoresha muri beto ya mirtar nukuvanga ifu yumye kandi ikayisuka mumazi.
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Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryinganda zubwubatsi, abantu basaba ibikoresho bishya byubaka nabo biyongera umunsi kumunsi. Kubera ubwiyongere bw'abantu bukamenya kurengera ibidukikije no gukomeza kunoza imikorere yubwubatsi, ibicuruzwa bya scavolious byateye imbere byihuse. Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa bisanzwe gypsum bikunze gupakira gypsum, umuyoboro wa Gypsum, Gysesimu, na Tilepsum, no gufatira neza. Gysing Gypsum ni ibintu byiza cyane byo gukomaza kurukuta rwimbere nicyaro. Urukuta rwanditseho ni rwiza kandi rworoshye. Ikibaho gishya kimurika ikibaho kirimo ibintu bifatika bikozwe muri gypsum nkibikoresho fatizo hamwe ninyongeramusaruro zitandukanye. Birakwiriye guhuza hagati yibikoresho bitandukanye byinjizamo. Ntabwo ari uburozi, impuguke, imbaraga zambere no gushiraho byihuse, guhuza bikomeye nibindi biranga, nibikoresho bifatika byo kubaka imbaho no guhagarika kubaka; Gypsum Caulking Agent numukino uhindura icyuho hagati yimbaho ya Gypsum hamwe nuzuzanya gusana inkuta nibice. Ibicuruzwa bya Gypsum bifite urukurikirane rwimirimo itandukanye. Usibye uruhare rwa Gypsum hamwe nuzuza ibijyanye, ikibazo cyingenzi nuko ongeraho Celiki Ether ongeramo uruhare rugira uruhare runini. Kubera ko Gypsum igabanijwemo Gypsum na Hemihydate Gypsum, Gypsum itandukanye ifite ingaruka zitandukanye kumikorere yibicuruzwa, birakabije, kugumana amazi hamwe no kudindikana kumenya ubuziranenge bwibikoresho byubaka Gypsum. Ikibazo rusange cyibi bikoresho ni ugusebanya no gucika, kandi imbaraga zambere ntishobora kugerwaho. Kugirango ukemure iki kibazo, ni uguhitamo ubwoko bwa selile hamwe nuburyo bwo gukoresha inoze bwa redirder. Ni muri urwo rwego, methyl cyangwa hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 yatoranijwe muri rusange. -60000CPS, amafaranga yiyongera ni 1.5% -2%. Muri bo, selile yibanda ku kugumana amazi no kudindiza amavuta. Ariko, ntibishoboka kwishingikiriza kuri selile nkabadasiba, kandi ni ngombwa kongeramo aside citric kugirango tuvange kandi tugakoreshe bitabangamiye imbaraga zambere. Ifungwa ry'amazi muri rusange ryerekeza ku nkeka amazi angahe atazimiye nta mazi yo hanze. Niba urukuta rwumye cyane, rushingiye ku mazi kandi guhumeka bisanzwe ku buso buse buzatakaza amazi vuba, kandi ubujura no kuvunika nabyo bizabaho. Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha buvanze nifu yumye. Niba utegura igisubizo, nyamuneka reba uburyo bwo gutegura umuti.
(5) Umubumbe w'isuku
Inyigisho za Pertar ni ubwoko bushya bwibikoresho byo kwinjiza imbere mukarere kamajyaruguru. Nibintu bifatika bya synthesied mubikoresho byo kwinjizamo, minisiteri na binder. Muri ibi bikoresho, selile igira uruhare runini muguhuza no kongera imbaraga. Muri rusange uhitemo methyl selile hamwe na vinolusiti nkuru (hafi 10000eps), dosage muri rusange iri hagati ya 2 ‰ -3 ‰), nuburyo bwo gukoresha ni intunga zumye.
(6) Agence Agent
Hitamo HPNC 20000CPS ya interineti, hitamo 60000cps cyangwa byinshi kubibyimba byibanze, hanyuma wibande ku bunini mu mutungo wa interineti, ushobora kunoza imbaraga za kanseri n'imbaraga za kurwanya umwambaro. Ikoreshwa nkumukozi ugumana amazi mumashami ya tile kugirango wirinde amabati kuva mu butaha vuba no kugwa.
3. Urunigi rwinganda
(1) Inganda zo hejuru
Ibikoresho nyamukuru bisabwa kugirango umusaruro wa selile harimo ipamba yatunganijwe (cyangwa igiti kimwe cya poroglene, soda ya caustic, to heylene okiside, toluene nibindi bikoresho bifasha. Inganda zinjiza inganda za Hestreary zirimo ipamba itunganijwe, imiyoboro yumusaruro wibiti hamwe nibigo bimwe na bimwe bya shimi. Ihindagurika ryibiciro ryibikoresho byibanze byavuzwe haruguru bizagira impamyabumenyi zitandukanye ku giciro cyatanga umusaruro no kugurisha igiciro cya selile.
Igiciro cyo gupamba neza ni hejuru. Gufata urwego rwo kubaka ibikoresho ether nk'urugero, mu gihe cyo gutanga raporo, ikiguzi cya pari inoze, 28.59% na 26.99% by'ibiciro byagurishijwe mu rwego rwo kubaka ibikoresho. Ihindagurika ryibiciro ryipamba ritunganijwe rizagira ingaruka ku giciro cya selile ether. Ibikoresho nyamukuru byifatizo byo gukora ipamba itunganijwe ni ipamba. Ipamba ya pamba ni kimwe mubicuruzwa mubicuruzwa byumusaruro wa Pantton, cyane cyane bikoreshwa mugukora ipamba, ipamba itunganijwe, nitrocellse nibindi bicuruzwa. Gukoresha agaciro no gukoresha ipamba hamwe nipamba biratandukanye cyane, kandi igiciro cyacyo biragaragara ko kiri munsi yipamba, ariko gifite isano runaka ifite ihindagurika ryipamba. Ihindagurika ryibiciro by'ipamba rigira ingaruka ku giciro cy'ipamba utunganijwe.
Ihindagurika rityaye mu giciro cy'ipamba gitunganijwe kizaba gifite ingaruka zinyuranye zijyanye no kugenzura ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa, ibiciro by'ibicuruzwa no ku nyungu z'ibigo muri iyi nganda. Iyo igiciro cyipamba gitunganijwe ni kinini kandi igiciro cyimbaho zihenze, kugirango ugabanye ibiciro, kugirango ugabanye ibiciro, bikaba bikoreshwa nkumusimbura hamwe ninyongera kumusaraba wangirika, cyane cyane umusaruro wa electhity nka Imiti ya farumasi na Feliulose. Dukurikije amakuru avuye ku rubuga rwa Biro y'Igihugu, muri 2013, agace k'ipamba y'igihugu cyanjye kari hegitari miliyoni 4.35, kandi ibisohoka by'impande z'igihugu byari toni miliyoni 61. Nk'uko imibare yaturutse mu ishyirahamwe ry'ubushinwa, muri 2014, ibisohoka byose by'ipamba binonosowe byakozwe mu ngo zitunganya ipamba 332.000, kandi itangwa ry'ibikoresho fatizo ni byinshi.
Ibikoresho nyamukuru byifatizo kugirango umusaruro wibikoresho bya shimi bishushanyije ni ibyuma n'ibishushanyo bya karubone. Igiciro cya karubone n ibishushanyo bya karubone ugereranije ugereranije nigiciro cyimikorere yibikoresho bya shimi. Ihindagurika ryibiciro ryibi bikoresho fatizo bizagira ingaruka runaka ku giciro cyo gukora no kugurisha igiciro cyibikoresho bya shimi.
(2) inganda zamanutse wa selile ether
Nka "monosodium monosodute", ether ether ifite umubare muto wa selile ether kandi ifite porogaramu zitandukanye. Inganda zamanutse zinyanyagiye munzira zose zubuzima mubukungu bwigihugu.
Mubisanzwe, inganda zitumvikana nubwubatsi n'inganda zitimukanwa zizagira ingaruka runaka ku muvuduko wo gukura wo kubaka ibiciro bya selile. Iyo inganda zubwubatsi mu rugo n'inganda zitimukanwa zikura vuba, isaba mu gihugu yo kubaka urwego rwa selile irakura vuba. Iyo igipimo cyo gukura kw'inganda z'abakangurambaga mu gihugu n'inganda zitimukanwa zitinda, igipimo cyo gukura cyo kubaka ibikoresho byo mu gihugu bizagabana amarushanwa muri iyi nganda no kwihutisha inzira yo kubaho Icy'ingirakamaro mu bigo muri iyi nganda.
Kuva mu mwaka wa 2012, mu rwego rwo guhagarika isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu no mu nganda zitimukanwa, icyifuzo cyo kubaka ibikoresho bya selile ku isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu ntibyari bihindagurika. Impamvu nyamukuru ni: 1. Ikigereranyo rusange cyinganda zishinzwe kubaka murugo ninganda zitimukanwa ni nini, kandi icyifuzo cyose cyisoko ni kinini; Isoko rikuru ry'abaguzi mu rwego rwo kubaka ibikoresho bya selile irangira buhoro buhoro mu mijyi yateye imbere mu bukungu ndetse n'imijyi ya kabiri ya kabiri kugeza mu turere twa gatatu no mu turere twa gatatu, kuzamuka mu kirere; 2. Umubare wa selile wongeyeho mugiciro cyibikoresho byo kubaka ni bike, kandi amafaranga akoreshwa numukiriya umwe ni muto, kandi abakiriya baratatanye, kandi abakiriya baratatanye, kandi ibisabwa byose mu isoko ryamanutse gihamye; 3. Guhindura igiciro cyisoko nikintu cyingenzi kigira ingaruka kumiterere ikenewe guhindura urwego rwa selile ether. Kuva mu mwaka wa 2012, igiciro cyo kugurisha cyo kubaka urwego rwa Cellulose Ether wagabanutse cyane, wateje igiciro kinini mu giciro cyo kuva mu bicuruzwa biri hejuru, bikurura abakiriya benshi kugura no guhitamo, kongera icyifuzo hagati --Ibicuruzwa bigezweho, hanyuma ukandagiza isoko hamwe nigiciro cyimigero isanzwe.
Urwego rwo guteza imbere inganda za farumasi no kwiyongera kw'inganda z'imiti bizagira ingaruka ku bisabwa kuri selile ya farurlatique ether. Gutezimbere ibipimo nzima yabantu hamwe ninganda zateye imbere zifasha gutwara isoko kugirango ubone ibiciro bya selile yibiribwa.
4. Iterambere Ryerekana selile
Kubera itandukaniro ryimiterere mugusaba isoko kuri selile ether, ibigo bifite imbaraga nintege nke birashobora kubana. Urebye uburyo bwo guhuza imiterere y'isoko, abakora ibigori byo mu ngo barakora ingamba zitandukanijwe no gutandukanya imbaraga zabo, kandi icyarimwe, bagomba gusobanukirwa kugendera ku isoko neza.
(1) Kugenzura umutekano wibicuruzwa bizakomeza kuba amarushanwa yibanze ya selile ether
Cotherlese Konti ya Ether kuringaniza umubare muto wibiciro byumusaruro wimikorere myinshi yo hasi muriki nganda, ariko bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yibicuruzwa. Amatsinda yo hagati yo hagati-yo hejuru agomba kunyura mubushakashatsi bwa formula mbere yo gukoresha ikirango runaka cya selile. Nyuma yo gukora formula ihamye, mubisanzwe ntabwo byoroshye gusimbuza izindi ndabi yibicuruzwa, kandi icyarimwe, ibisabwa byinshi bishyirwa kumutekano mwiza wa selile. Iyi ngingo iragaragara cyane mumirima yo hejuru nkabakora ibintu binini byubaka ibikoresho murugo no mumahanga, abaterankunga ba phirumotives, ibiryo, na PVC. Kugirango utezimbere irushanwa ryibicuruzwa, abakora bagomba kwemeza ko ubuziranenge n'umutekano by'ibice bitandukanye bya selile ba Ether batanga bishobora kugumaho igihe kirekire, kugira ngo hamenyekane ku isoko ryiza.
(2) Kunoza urwego rwikoranabuhanga ryibicuruzwa nicyerekezo cyiterambere cya Cellulose yo murugo
Hamwe na tekinoroji yo gukura cyane kuri selile ya selile, urwego rwo hejuru rwikoranabuhanga ryo gusaba rifasha kuzamura irushanwa ryuzuye ryibigo no gushiraho umubano uhamye wabakiriya. Amasosiyete azwi cyane yaka umuriro mu bihugu byateye imbere cyane cyane afata ingamba zo guhatanira "kugira ngo ziteze imbere aho zikoresha na selkes Korohereza ikoreshwa ry'abakiriya, no gutsimbataza ibyifuzo bya ewnstream. Amarushanwa ya selime ya selile mubihugu byateye imbere yagiye mubicuruzwa byinjira mumarushanwa murwego rwo gusaba tekinoroji yo gusaba.
Igihe cyagenwe: Gashyantare-27-2023