1 IRIBURIRO
Kuri ubu, ibikoresho nyamukuru bikoreshwa muguteguraselile etherni ipamba, kandi ibisohoka byayo biragabanuka, kandi igiciro nacyo kizamuka;
Byongeye kandi, bakunze gukoreshwa abakozi bashishikaye nka aside ya chloroacetike (uburozi bwinshi) na royone okiside (kanseri) nayo yangiza umubiri wumuntu nibidukikije. Igitabo
Muri iki gice, telefone ya pinusi ifite isuku yagereranijwe ya 90% yakuwe mu gice cya kabiri ikoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo, na sodium chlorocetate na 2-chloroethanol ikoreshwa nkibisimbuye.
Ukoresheje acide ya chloroacetic cyane nka agering aginti, anionticCarboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC), idafite hydroxyAythyl selile yateguwe.
Cellulose (HEC) na HydroxyAyIthyyl Carboxymethyl TOLLECOULOSE (HECMC) Abahanga batatu ba Celipi. Ikintu kimwe
Ubuhanga bwo gutegura abatanga selile batatu barishimye bakoresheje ubushakashatsi n'ubushakashatsi bwakariro, kandi abahanga ba seliki baburiwe na FT-Ir, Xrd, H-nmr, nibindi.
Ishingiro rya Gutsimbaga
Ihame ryo guhinduranya ubugari rishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri. Igice cya mbere ni inzira ya alkalisation, ni ukuvuga mugihe cya alkalisation ya selile,
Kutatana muri Naoh igisubizo, pinusi ya pinusibyinye bibyimba bikabije bikozwe mubikorwa byubukanishi, kandi hamwe no kwagura amazi
Umubare munini wa molekile ntoya yinjiye mu irindi rikuru rya pinule
Biherekeranye na selile ya alkali, hagati ya reaction ya ering.
Igice cya kabiri ni inzira yo guhindura, ni ukuvuga imyitwarire iri hagati yikigo gikora na sodium chlorotate cyangwa 2-chloroethanol munsi yimiterere ya alkaline, bivamo
Muri icyo gihe, umukozi wa sodium ya erisium chlorocetate na 2-chloroethanol izatanga kandi urwego runaka rwamazi munsi ya alkaline.
Ibisubizo byo kuruhande byiyemeje kubyara sodium glycolate na royone glycol,.
2 Yibanze kuri Alkali Secrystallisation PretSeatment ya Pine Soleulose
Ubwa mbere, tegura ibitekerezo runaka bya Naoh igisubizo hamwe namazi adapfunyitse. Noneho, ku bushyuhe runaka, 2g ya pine
Vitamine yashonga mu gitabo runaka cya Naoh, cyatewe igihe, hanyuma kikangurura gukoreshwa.
Icyitegererezo cyicyitegererezo
Precision ph metero
Ubwoko bwabakoranye buri gihe ubushyuhe butwara magnetique
Vacuum kumisha
Impirimbanyi za elegitoronike
Gukwirakwiza ubwoko bwamazi menshi ya vacuum
Bine byahinduwe neza
X-ray itandukanye
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spesonance
Hangzhou AOlilong Igikoresho Co., Ltd.
Ibikoresho byo guhugera hamwe ibikoresho co., Ltd.
Shanghai Jinghong ibikoresho byubushakashatsi Co., Ltd.
Metler Torledo Ibikoresho (Shanghai) Co, Ltd.
Hangzhou David siyanse nuburezi Igikoresho co, Ltd.
Umunyamerika FIsher Co., Ltd.
Umunyamerika wa Thermoelectric Ubusuwisi Arl Isosiyete
Igisosiyete y'Abasuwisi
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Gutegura CMCs
Ukoresheje pine Igiti alkali selile yateguwe no kwibanda kuri alkali gucika intege nkibikoresho fatizo, ukoresheje ethanol nka sodirocetate nkibitekerezo
CMC hamwe na DS yo hejuru yongeyeho alkali kabiri kandi inyamiye agent kabiri. Ongeraho 2G ya Pine Igiti cya Alkali Cellulose mumazi ane yisumbuye, hanyuma ongeraho ingano ya ethanol ya ethanol, hanyuma ukangure neza 30min
Hafi, kuburyo selile ya alkali yatatanye byuzuye. Noneho ongeraho umubare runaka wa alkali na sodium chlorotace kugirango witondere mugihe runaka ku bushyuhe runaka
NYUMA, kongeramo inshuro ya kabiri ya alkaline agent na sodium chlorotate ikurikirwa nubuzima mugihe runaka. Nyuma yo kubyitwaramo birangiye, bikonje kandi bikonje, hanyuma
Kudahinduranya hamwe numubare ukwiye wa aside yinda yijimye, hanyuma yo gushungura, gukaraba no gukama.
Gutegura Hecs
Ukoresheje pine Igiti alkali selile yateguwe na Alkali Yibanze nkibikoresho fatizo, Ethanol nka sorvent na 2-chloroethanol
Hec hamwe na ms yo hejuru yateguwe wongeyeho alkali kabiri kandi bikareba umukozi kabiri. Ongeraho 2G ya pine yinkwi alkali selile muri flask yinjije inenge, hanyuma wongereho ingano ya 90% (igice cyimijwi) ethanol, kangura
Kangurira igihe cyo gutatanya neza, hanyuma ongeraho umubare runaka wa alkali, hanyuma uheshere hejuru, ongeraho amajwi ya 2-
Chloroethanol, yababajwe cyane n'ubushyuhe buri gihe, hanyuma yongeraho sodium hydroxide igisigaye na 2-chloroethanol kugirango ikomeze gukurikira mugihe runaka. kuvura
Nyuma yimyitwarire irangiye, itendukira hamwe numubare runaka wa acide yijimye, hanyuma uyungurura hamwe nikirahuri (g3), gukaraba, no gukama.
Gutegura Hemcc
Gukoresha HEC biteguye muri 3.2.3.4 nkibikoresho fatizo, ethanol nkibisanzwe, na sodium chlorotate nkumukozi ushimishije wo gutegura
Hecmc. Inzira yihariye ni: Fata umubare runaka wa HEC, ubishyire muri ml 100 my shy-neck-shysh yinjije, hanyuma wongere umubare munini wijwi
90% Ethanol, ikangura imashini mugihe cyo gutatana neza, ongeraho umubare runaka wa alkali nyuma yo gushyushya, hanyuma wongereho
Sodium chlorotate, birashira mugihe ubushyuhe buri gihe burangirira mugihe runaka. Nyuma yimyitwarire irangiye, kuyavaho hamwe na acide yinda yijimye kugirango itesha agaciro, hanyuma ukoreshe ikirahuri (G3)
Nyuma yo guswera, gukaraba no gukama.
Gusukura abakora selile
Muburyo bwo gutegura Tliver, bimwe nibicuruzwa bikunze gukorwa, ahanini byakozwe na sodium yumunyu wa sodium idasanzwe hamwe nibindi
umwanda. Kugirango utezimbere ubwiza bwa selile ether, kweza byoroshye byakorewe kuri selile yabonetse. kuko bari mumazi
Hariho ukubikesha, ubushakashatsi rero bukoresha igice runaka cya ethanol kugirango ihanagure kuri seliki eshatu.
impinduka.
Shyira selile ether sample yateguwe hamwe nubwiza runaka muri beaker kuri 10 ℃. min. Fata umusangeri wumye
Mu mvugo isukuye, koresha sidate ya feza kugirango urebe chloride ion. Niba hari umushyitsi wera, kuyungurura ukoresheje ikirahuri hanyuma ufate icyemezo gikomeye
Subiramo intambwe zabanjirije igice, kugeza igihe icyapa nyuma yo kongeramo 1 Igitonyanga cya Agno3 kidafite umushyitsi, ni ukuvuga kwezwa no gukaraba birangiye.
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muri (cyane cyane kugirango ukureho reaction ukoresheje-ibicuruzwa Nacl). Nyuma yo guswera, gukama, gukonjesha ubushyuhe bwo mucyumba no gupima.
misa, g.
Uburyo bwo kugerageza no kuranga abakora selile
Kugena Impamyabumenyi yo gusimbuza (DS) na Morar Urwego rwo gusimbuza (MS)
Kugena DS: Icyambere, ipima 0.2 g (zukuri kuri 0.1 gg) ya ether ya selile yasukuye kandi yumye, yamenetse
80ML y'amazi yatoboye, yatewe ubwoba bwo kwiyuhagira amazi ahoraho saa 30 ℃ ~ 40 ℃ kuri 10min. Noneho uhindure hamwe nigisubizo cya sulfurike cyangwa naoh igisubizo
Ph of igisubizo kugeza PH yumuti ari 8. Noneho muraho ibikoresho hamwe na PH Meter electrode, koresha igisubizo gisanzwe cya acide sulfuric
Gutwita, mu bihe bishimishije, witegereze PH Meter mu gihe cyo gutwika, igihe agaciro PH agaciro k'igisubizo cyahinduwe kuri 3.74,
Imitwe irangira. Reba ingano ya aside sulfuric igisubizo gisanzwe cyakoreshejwe muriki gihe.
Igisekuru:
Umubare wimibare yo hejuru ya proton hamwe nitsinda rya hydroxyeberyl
Igipimo cyumubare wa proton yo hejuru; I7 ni masa yitsinda rya methylene kumatsinda ya hydroxyyerthyl
Ubukana bw'impanuka ya proton; ni ubukana bwimisoro ya proton, itsinda rya methine rya methine hamwe nitsinda rimwe rya metinene kumurongo wa selile glucose
Amafaranga.
Uburyo bwo kugerageza bwasobanuwe kwipimisha infrared ya selisiti itatu CMC, Hec na Heecmc
Amategeko
3.2.4.3 Ikizamini cya Xrd
X-ray isesengura ikizamini cyo kurangizwa cya seliki eshatu CMC, Hec na Heecmc
Uburyo bw'ikizamini bwasobanuwe.
3.2.4.4 Kwipimisha H-nmr
HE NMR ya SHC yapimwe na Avance400 h nmr spectrometero yakozwe na Bruker.
Ukoresheje Dimethyl Sulfoxide ya Guhuza gahunda nkuruke, igisubizo cyageragejwe n'amazi NMR ibona. Inshuro yikizamini yari 75.5mhz.
Gishyushye, igisubizo ni 0.5ml.
3.3 Ibisubizo n'Isesengura
3.3.1 Kwemeza inzira yo gutegura CMC
Gukoresha selile ya pine byakuwe mu gice cya kabiri nk'ibikoresho fatizo, no gukoresha sodiyumu chlorotate nk'abakozi bakurikiraho, uburyo bw'ibintu bimwe byagaragaye,
Inzira yo kwitegura CMC yari ifite intego, kandi impinduka zambere zubushakashatsi zashyizwe nkuko bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe 3.3. Ibikurikira ni inzira yo gutegura ibiteguro
Mu buhanzi, isesengura ry'ibintu bitandukanye.
Imbonerahamwe 3.3 Indangagaciro zambere
Ikintu cyambere
Pretreatment Alkaling Ubushyuhe / ℃ 40
Pretreatment Alkaling Igihe / h 1
Pretreatent-Ratio-Amazi / (G / ML) 1:25
Pretreatment lye kwibandaho /% 40
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Icyiciro cya mbere cyamamare / ℃ 45
Igihe cyambere-Icyifuzo Igihe / H 1
Icyiciro cya kabiri cyahinduwe ubushyuhe / ℃ 70
Icyiciro cya kabiri Gufunga Igihe / H 1
Urufatiro shingiro muburyo bworoshye / G 2
Umubare wa agent agent muburyo bwo guhagarika / g 4.3
Igipimo gikomeye-cyamazi / (G / ML) 1:15
3.3
1. Ingaruka zo guhagarika ubushyuhe bwa Alkalisation ku rwego rwo gusimbuza CMC
Kugirango usuzume ingaruka zo kwishyurwa kwa altreatment ku rwego rwo gusimburwa muri CMC yabonetse muri CMC yabonetse muri CMC yabonetse, mugihe cyo gutunganya izindi ngingo nkindangagaciro zambere,
Mubihe, ingaruka zo kwishyurwa kwa alkalisant ya altroatment kurwego rwa CMC rwaganiriweho, kandi ibisubizo byerekanwe ku gishushanyo.
Pretreatment Alkaling Ubushyuhe / ℃
Ingaruka zo Kwitegura Alkaling Ubushyuhe Kurwego rwa CMC
Birashobora kugaragara ko urwego rwo gusimburwa na CMC rwiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe bwa altreatment, nubushyuhe bwa alkalisation ni 30 ° c.
Impamyabumenyi yavuzwe haruguru yo gusimbuza igabanuka hamwe n'ubushyuhe bworoshye. Ibi ni ukubera ko ubushyuhe bwa alkaling buciri bugufi cyane, kandi molekile ntabwo ikora kandi idashobora
Gusenya neza agace ka kristu ya selile, bikagora umukozi ushishikaza kwinjiza imbere muri selile ya selile, kandi urwego rwimyitwarire ni hejuru.
hasi, bivamo urwego rwo hasi rwo gusimburwa ibicuruzwa. Ariko, ubushyuhe bwa alkalisation ntibugomba kuba hejuru cyane. Nkuko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, buyobowe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru na alkali ikomeye,
Cellulose ikunda kwangirika kwa okiside, hamwe nurwego rwo gusimbuza CMC ya CMC iragabanuka.
2. Ingaruka zo Kwitegura Alkalisation Igihe cyo gusimbuza CMC
Mubisabwa ko ubushyuhe bwa altreatement bwa mbere ari 30 ° C nibindi bintu ni indangagaciro zambere, ingaruka zo igihe cya altroatment cya altroatment kuri CMC cyaganiriweho.
Ingaruka zo gusimburwa. Urwego rwo gusimbuza
Pretreatment Alkaling Igihe / h
Ingaruka zo Kwitegura Alkalisation Igihe cyaCmcImpamyabumenyi
Inzira yo guswera ubwayo nihuse cyane, ariko igisubizo cya Alkali gikeneye igihe runaka cyoroshye muri fibre.
Birashobora kugaragara ko igihe cyo igihe cya alkalisation ari 0.5-1.5h, urwego rwo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa rwiyongera hamwe no kongera igihe cya alkalisation.
Urwego rwo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa rwabonetse nirwo runini igihe nikigera 1.5h, kandi urwego rwo gusimburwa rwagabanutse rwiyongera nyuma ya 1.5h. Ibi birashoboka
Birashoboka kubera ko intangiriro ya alkalisation, mugihe cyo kurambagiza alkalisation, gucapa Alkali kuri selile birahagije, kuburyo fibre
Imiterere yimbere iraruhutse, yongera umukozi ukurikira hamwe nuburyo bukora
Igihe cyo kohereza: APR-26-2024