Sodium carboxymethyl selulose (izwi kandi nka: sodium carboxymethyl selulose, carboxymethyl selulose,CMC, Carboxymethyl, Sodium ya Cellulose, umunyu wa Sodium ya Caboxy Methyl Cellulose) niyo ikoreshwa cyane kandi nini cyane ikoreshwa kwisi muri iki gihe ubwoko bwa selile.
CMC-Na muri make, ni selile ikomoka kuri glucose polymerisation ya 100-2000, hamwe na misile ya molekile igereranije ya 242.16. Ifu yera cyangwa ifu ya granular. Impumuro nziza, uburyohe, uburyohe, hygroscopique, idashonga mumashanyarazi.
Ibintu shingiro
1. Imiterere ya molekuline ya sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)
Yakozwe bwa mbere n’Ubudage mu 1918, kandi bwahawe patenti mu 1921 bugaragara ku isi. Umusaruro wubucuruzi umaze kugerwaho muburayi. Muri kiriya gihe, byari ibicuruzwa gusa, byakoreshwaga nka colloid na binder. Kuva mu 1936 kugeza 1941, ubushakashatsi bwogukoresha inganda za sodium carboxymethyl selulose bwakoraga cyane, kandi havumbuwe patenti nyinshi zishishikaje. Mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, Ubudage bwakoresheje sodium carboxymethylcellulose mu bikoresho byogeza. Hercules yakoze sodium carboxymethylcellulose bwa mbere muri Amerika mu 1943, kandi ikora sodium carboxymethylcellulose inoze mu 1946, izwiho kongeramo ibiryo byizewe. igihugu cyanjye cyatangiye kucyakira mu myaka ya za 70, kandi cyakoreshejwe cyane mu myaka ya za 90. Nibikoreshwa cyane kandi binini bya selile ku isi muri iki gihe.
Inzira yuburyo: C6H7O2 (OH) 2OCH2COONa Inzira ya molekulari: C8H11O7Na
Iki gicuruzwa ni umunyu wa sodium ya selulose carboxymethyl ether, fibre ya anionic
2. Kugaragara kwa sodium carboxymethyl selulose (CMC)
Iki gicuruzwa ni umunyu wa sodium ya selulose carboxymethyl ether, anionic selulose ether, ifu yera cyangwa amata ya fibrous yera cyangwa granule, ubucucike 0.5-0.7 g / cm3, hafi yumunuko, uburyohe, hygroscopique. Biroroshye gutatanya mumazi kugirango habeho igisubizo kiboneye cya colloidal, kandi ntigishobora gukemuka mumashanyarazi nka Ethanol [1]. PH yumuti wamazi wa 1% ni 6.5-8.5, mugihe pH> 10 cyangwa <5, ububobere bwa mucilage bugabanuka cyane, kandi imikorere nibyiza mugihe pH = 7. Ihagaze neza kugirango ubushyuhe, ubukonje buzamuka vuba munsi ya 20 ° C, kandi buhinduka buhoro kuri 45 ° C. Gushyushya igihe kirekire hejuru ya 80 ° C birashobora gutandukanya colloid kandi bikagabanya cyane ububobere n'imikorere. Biroroshye gushonga mumazi, kandi igisubizo kiragaragara; irahagaze neza mumuti wa alkaline, ariko iroroshye hydrolyz mugihe ihuye na aside, kandi izagwa mugihe agaciro ka pH ari 2-3, kandi izanakorana numunyu wibyuma bya polyvalent.
Intego nyamukuru
Ikoreshwa nk'ibyimbye mu nganda y'ibiribwa, nk'abatwara ibiyobyabwenge mu nganda zikora imiti, kandi nk'umukozi uhuza kandi urwanya ibicuruzwa biva mu nganda za buri munsi. Mu nganda zo gucapa no gusiga amarangi, ikoreshwa nka colloid ikingira ibipimo binini hamwe no gucapa. Mu nganda za peteroli, irashobora gukoreshwa nkigice cyo kugarura amavuta yamenetse. [2]
Kudahuza
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose ntishobora kubangikanya ibisubizo bikomeye bya acide, umunyu wa fer ushonga, hamwe nibindi byuma nka aluminium, mercure, na zinc. Iyo pH iri munsi ya 2, kandi iyo ivanze na 95% Ethanol, imvura izaba.
Sodium carboxymethyl selulose irashobora gukora co-agglomerates hamwe na gelatine na pectine, kandi irashobora no gukora inganda hamwe na kolagen, zishobora kugabanura poroteyine zimwe na zimwe zashizwemo neza.
ubukorikori
Ubusanzwe CMC ni ifumbire ya anionic polymer yateguwe mugukora selile naturel hamwe na caustic alkali na acide monochloroacetic, ifite uburemere bwa 6400 (± 1 000). Ibicuruzwa nyamukuru ni sodium chloride na sodium glycolate. CMC ni ihindagurika rya selile. Ishami ry’ibiribwa n’ubuhinzi ry’umuryango w’abibumbye (FAO) n’umuryango w’ubuzima ku isi (OMS) bise ku mugaragaro “selile yahinduwe”.
Ibipimo nyamukuru bipima ubuziranenge bwa CMC ni urwego rwo gusimbuza (DS) nubuziranenge. Mubisanzwe, imitungo ya CMC iratandukanye niba DS itandukanye; urwego rwo hejuru rwo gusimbuza, gukomera gukomeye, nuburyo bwiza bwo gukorera mu mucyo no guhagarara neza. Nk’uko raporo zibitangaza, gukorera mu mucyo kwa CMC ni byiza iyo urwego rwo gusimburwa ari 0.7-1.2, kandi ubwiza bw’umuti wabwo w’amazi ni bunini iyo agaciro ka pH ari 6-9. Kugirango hamenyekane ubuziranenge bwayo, usibye guhitamo agent ya etherification, hagomba no gusuzumwa ibintu bimwe na bimwe bigira ingaruka kurwego rwo gusimbuza no kweza, nkumubano uri hagati yumubare wa alkali na etherification, igihe cya etherification, ibirimo amazi muri sisitemu, ubushyuhe, pH agaciro, igisubizo Kwibanda hamwe numunyu nibindi
uko ibintu bimeze
Mu rwego rwo gukemura ikibazo cy’ibura ry’ibikoresho fatizo (ipamba itunganijwe ikozwe mu mwenda w’ipamba), mu myaka yashize, ibigo bimwe by’ubushakashatsi mu bya siyansi mu gihugu cyanjye byafatanije n’inganda gukoresha mu buryo bwuzuye ibyatsi by’umuceri, ipamba y’ubutaka (ipamba y’imyanda), hamwe n’ibiti by’ibishyimbo. kubyara CMC neza. Igiciro cy'umusaruro cyaragabanutse cyane, gifungura isoko rishya ry'ibikoresho fatizo byo gutunganya inganda za CMC kandi bikamenya gukoresha neza umutungo. Ku ruhande rumwe, ikiguzi cy'umusaruro kiragabanuka, kurundi ruhande, CMC iratera imbere igana neza. Ubushakashatsi n'iterambere rya CMC byibanda cyane cyane ku guhindura ikoranabuhanga rihari no guhanga udushya, ndetse n'ibicuruzwa bishya bya CMC bifite imitungo idasanzwe, nk'uburyo bwa “solvent-slurry” [3] bwateguwe neza mu mahanga kandi yarakoreshejwe henshi. Ubwoko bushya bwahinduwe bwa CMC hamwe nubutumburuke buhanitse. Bitewe nurwego rwo hejuru rwo gusimburana hamwe no gukwirakwiza kimwe gusimburanya ibintu, birashobora gukoreshwa mugice kinini cyimirima yinganda zikora inganda hamwe nibidukikije bigoye gukoresha kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa murwego rwo hejuru. Ku rwego mpuzamahanga, ubu bwoko bushya bwa CMC bwahinduwe nabwo bwitwa “polyanionic selulose (PAC, Poly anionic selulose)”.
umutekano
Umutekano muke, ADI ntabwo ikeneye amabwiriza, kandi hashyizweho ibipimo byigihugu [4].
Porogaramu
Iki gicuruzwa gifite imirimo yo guhuza, kubyimba, gushimangira, kwigana, gufata amazi no guhagarika.
Gukoresha CMC mu biryo
FAO na OMS bemeje ikoreshwa rya CMC nziza mu biryo. Byemejwe nyuma yubushakashatsi bukomeye bwibinyabuzima nuburozi. Kwinjira neza (ADI) kurwego mpuzamahanga ni 25mg / (kg · d), ni hafi 1.5 g / d kumuntu. Byavuzwe ko abantu bamwe batigeze bagira uburozi ubwo gufata byageze kuri kg 10. CMC ntabwo ari nziza ya emulisifike gusa kandi ikabyimbye mugukoresha ibiryo, ariko kandi ifite ubukonje buhebuje no gushonga, kandi irashobora kunoza uburyohe bwibicuruzwa no kongera igihe cyo kubika. Amafaranga akoreshwa mu mata ya soya, ice cream, ice cream, jelly, ibinyobwa, n'amabati ni 1% kugeza 1.5%. CMC irashobora kandi gukora imitekerereze ihamye hamwe na vinegere, isosi ya soya, amavuta yimboga, umutobe wimbuto, gravy, umutobe wimboga, nibindi, kandi dosiye ni 0.2% kugeza 0.5%. By'umwihariko, ifite imikorere myiza ya emulisiyasi yamavuta yinyamanswa n’ibimera, proteyine hamwe n’ibisubizo by’amazi, bikabasha gukora emulioni imwe kandi ikora neza. Kubera umutekano wacyo no kwizerwa, igipimo cyacyo ntikigarukira gusa ku rwego rw’isuku ry’ibiribwa mu gihugu ADI. CMC yatejwe imbere mu rwego rw’ibiribwa, kandi n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku ikoreshwa rya sodium carboxymethylcellulose mu musaruro wa divayi nabwo bwakozwe.
Gukoresha CMC mubuvuzi
Mu nganda zimiti, irashobora gukoreshwa nka stabilisateur ya emulsion yo gutera inshinge, guhuza hamwe nogukora firime kubinini. Abantu bamwe bagaragaje ko CMC itwara imiti igabanya ubukana kandi yizewe binyuze mubushakashatsi bwibanze n’inyamaswa. Ukoresheje CMC nk'ibikoresho bya membrane, uburyo bwahinduwe bwa dosiye yubuvuzi gakondo bwabashinwa Yangyin Shengji Powder, Yangyin Shengji Membrane, burashobora gukoreshwa mubikomere bya dermabrasion nibikomere. Ubushakashatsi bw’icyitegererezo bw’inyamaswa bwerekanye ko firime irinda kwandura ibikomere kandi nta tandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati yimyambarire ya gaze. Mu rwego rwo kugenzura ibikomere byamazi yo gusohora no gukira ibikomere byihuse, iyi firime ni nziza cyane kuruta imyambarire ya gauze, kandi ifite ingaruka zo kugabanya ibibyimba nyuma yo kubagwa no kurakara. Gutegura firime bikozwe muri alcool ya polyvinyl: sodium carboxymethyl selulose: polycarboxyethylene ku kigereranyo cya 3: 6: 1 nicyo kintu cyiza cyane, kandi igipimo cyo gufatira hamwe no kurekura byombi byiyongera. Gufatanya kwitegura, igihe cyo gutura cyo kwitegura mumyanya yumunwa hamwe nubushobozi bwimiti mugutegura byose byateye imbere cyane. Bupivacaine ni anesthetic ikomeye yaho, ariko irashobora rimwe na rimwe gutanga ingaruka zikomeye z'umutima-damura iyo uburozi. Kubwibyo, mugihe bupivacaine ikoreshwa cyane mubuvuzi, ubushakashatsi ku gukumira no kuvura ingaruka z’uburozi bwagiye bwitabwaho cyane. Ubushakashatsi bwa farumasi bwerekanye ko CIVIC nkibintu birekura-bisohora byakozwe n'umuti wa bupivacaine bishobora kugabanya ingaruka mbi zibiyobyabwenge. Mu kubaga PRK, gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana bwa tetracaine hamwe n’imiti itari steroidal anti-inflammatory hamwe na CMC birashobora kugabanya cyane ububabare nyuma yo kubagwa. Kwirinda kwanduza peritoneal nyuma yo kubagwa no kugabanya inzitizi zo munda nikimwe mubibazo bihangayikishijwe cyane no kubaga amavuriro. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko CMC iruta cyane sodium hyaluronate mu kugabanya urugero rwa peritoneal nyuma yo gutangira gukorerwa, kandi irashobora gukoreshwa nkuburyo bwiza bwo gukumira ko habaho kwifata kwa peritoneal. CMC ikoreshwa muri catheter hepatic arterial infusion yimiti igabanya kanseri yo kuvura kanseri yumwijima, ishobora kongera igihe kinini cyo gutura imiti irwanya kanseri yibibyimba, ikongerera imbaraga zo kurwanya ibibyimba, kandi ikanagira ingaruka zo kuvura. Mubuvuzi bwinyamanswa, CMC nayo ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha. Byagaragaye [5] ko kwinjiza intraperitoneal ya 1% ya CMC yumuti wintama bigira ingaruka zikomeye mukurinda dystokiya no gufatira mu nda nyuma yo kubagwa inzira yimyororokere mu matungo.
CMC mubindi bikorwa byinganda
Mu byuma byangiza, CMC irashobora gukoreshwa nkigikorwa cyo kurwanya ubutaka, cyane cyane kumyenda ya hydrophobique synthique fibre, ikaba nziza cyane kuruta fibre ya carboxymethyl.
CMC irashobora gukoreshwa mukurinda amariba ya peteroli nka stabilisateur yicyondo hamwe nogukoresha amazi mugucukura peteroli. Igipimo cya buri riba ryamavuta ni 2.3t kumariba magufi na 5.6t kumariba yimbitse;
Mu nganda z’imyenda, ikoreshwa nkigikoresho kinini, ikabyimbye cyo gucapa no gusiga irangi, gucapa imyenda no kurangiza bikabije. Iyo ikoreshejwe nkibikoresho bingana, irashobora kunoza ubukana nubwiza, kandi byoroshye kubishaka; nk'umukozi ukomeye, dosiye yayo iri hejuru ya 95%; iyo ikoreshejwe nkibikoresho bingana, imbaraga nubworoherane bwa firime yubunini biratera imbere cyane; hamwe na fibroin ya silike ivuguruye Ikomatanyirizo rigizwe na carboxymethyl selulose ikoreshwa nka matrix yo guhagarika glucose oxydease, na glucose oxydease na ferrocene carboxylate irahagarikwa, kandi biosensor ya glucose yakozwe ifite sensibilité kandi ihamye. Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko iyo silika gel homogenate iteguwe hamwe nigisubizo cya CMC hamwe nuburinganire bwa 1% (w / v), imikorere ya chromatografique ya plaque yateguwe neza nibyiza. Muri icyo gihe, isahani yoroheje yometseho mubihe byiza ifite imbaraga zikwiye, zikwiranye nubuhanga butandukanye bwo gutoranya, byoroshye gukora. CMC ifatanye na fibre nyinshi kandi irashobora kunoza isano iri hagati ya fibre. Ihungabana ryubwiza bwayo irashobora kwemeza uburinganire, bityo bikazamura imikorere yububoshyi. Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkigikorwa cyo kurangiza imyenda, cyane cyane kurangiza burundu anti-wrinkle, izana impinduka zirambye kumyenda.
CMC irashobora gukoreshwa nkumuti urwanya ubukana, emulisiferi, ikwirakwiza, umukozi uringaniza, hamwe nugufatira hamwe. Irashobora gukora ibintu bihamye byigitambaro bikwirakwijwe neza, kugirango igipfundikizo kidasiba igihe kirekire. Irakoreshwa kandi cyane mu gusiga amarangi. .
Iyo CMC ikoreshwa nka flocculant, ikora neza kuruta sodium gluconate mugukuraho ion ya calcium. Iyo ikoreshejwe nka cation yo guhana, ubushobozi bwayo bwo guhana bushobora kugera kuri 1,6 ml / g.
CMC ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bipima impapuro munganda zimpapuro, zishobora kuzamura cyane imbaraga zumye nimbaraga zitose zimpapuro, hamwe no kurwanya amavuta, kwinjiza wino no kurwanya amazi.
CMC ikoreshwa nka hydrosol mu kwisiga no kubyimbye mu menyo yinyo, kandi dosiye yayo igera kuri 5%.
CMC irashobora gukoreshwa nka flocculant, chelating agent, emulsifier, kubyimbye, kugumana amazi, agent ingana, ibikoresho byo gukora firime, nibindi, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imiti yica udukoko, uruhu, plastike, icapiro, ububumbyi, umuti wamenyo, burimunsi imiti nizindi nzego, kandi kubera imikorere yayo myiza nuburyo bugari bwo gukoresha, ihora ifungura imirima mishya ikoreshwa, kandi isoko ryagutse cyane.
Kwirinda
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(2) Kwemererwa gufata iki gicuruzwa ni 0-25mg / kg · d.
Amabwiriza
Kuvanga CMC n'amazi kugirango ukore kole ya paste kugirango ikoreshwe nyuma. Mugihe ushyizeho kole ya CMC, banza wongere umubare munini wamazi meza mumazi yo gutekesha hamwe nigikoresho gikurura, kandi mugihe igikoresho cyo gukingura gifunguye, gahoro gahoro kandi kuringaniza CMC mumateke, bikomeza, kugirango CMC yinjire byuzuye n'amazi, CMC irashobora gushonga rwose. Iyo iseswa rya CMC, impamvu ituma igomba kuminjwa neza no gukangurwa ubudahwema ni "gukumira ibibazo bya agglomeration, agglomeration, no kugabanya umubare wa CMC washeshwe mugihe CMC ihuye namazi", no kongera umuvuduko wa CMC. Igihe cyo kubyutsa ntabwo ari kimwe nigihe cya CMC cyo gushonga burundu. Ni imyumvire ibiri. Muri rusange, igihe cyo gukangura ni kigufi cyane kuruta igihe CMC isenyuka burundu. Igihe gikenewe kuri bombi giterwa nibihe byihariye.
Ishingiro ryo kumenya igihe gikangura ni: iyo iCMCikwirakwizwa kimwe mumazi kandi ntihaboneka ibibyimba binini bigaragara, kubyutsa birashobora guhagarara, bigatuma CMC namazi byinjira kandi bigahuza hamwe muburyo buhagaze.
Ishingiro ryo kumenya igihe gisabwa kugirango CMC iseswe burundu niyi ikurikira:
(1) CMC n'amazi birahujwe rwose, kandi nta gutandukanya-amazi gukomeye hagati yombi;
(2) Ivangavanze rivanze rimeze kimwe, kandi hejuru irasa kandi yoroshye;
. Kuva igihe CMC ishyizwe mu kigega cyo kuvanga ikavangwa n'amazi kugeza igihe CMC yasheshwe burundu, igihe gisabwa kiri hagati yamasaha 10 na 20.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-26-2024