Ethers ya selile ni icyiciro gishimishije cyibintu biva muri selile, imwe muri polymers karemano cyane kwisi. Ibi bikoresho bitandukanye usanga bikoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye, harimo imiti, ibiryo, amavuta yo kwisiga, ubwubatsi, hamwe nimyenda, kubera imiterere yihariye n'imikorere.
1. Imiterere n'imiterere ya Cellulose:
Cellulose ni polysaccharide igizwe n'iminyururu miremire ya glucose ihujwe hamwe na β (1 → 4) glycosidic. Ibice bisubiramo glucose bitanga selile hamwe numurongo ugororotse kandi ukomeye. Ubu buryo bwubaka butera hydrogène ikomeye ihuza iminyururu yegeranye, bigira uruhare muburyo bwiza bwa selile ya selile.
Amatsinda ya hydroxyl (-OH) aboneka mumurongo wa selile akora hydrophilique cyane, bigatuma ifata kandi ikagumana amazi menshi. Nyamara, selile yerekana ububobere buke mumashanyarazi menshi bitewe numuyoboro ukomeye wa hydrogène uhuza hydrogène.
2. Intangiriro kuri Ethers ya Cellulose:
Ether ya selile ni inkomoko ya selile aho amwe mumatsinda ya hydroxyl asimbuzwa amatsinda ya ether (-OR), aho R ihagarariye insimburangingo zitandukanye. Ihindurwa rihindura imiterere ya selile, bigatuma irushaho gushonga mumazi no kumashanyarazi kama mugihe igumana bimwe mubiranga, nka biodegradabilite hamwe nuburozi.
3. Synthesis ya Cellulose Ethers:
Synthesis ya selulose ethers mubisanzwe ikubiyemo etherification ya selile hydroxyl ya selile hamwe na reagent zitandukanye mubihe bigenzurwa. Ibisanzwe bisanzwe bikoreshwa muri etherification harimo alkyl halide, okiside ya alkylene, na alkyl halide. Imiterere yimyitwarire nkubushyuhe, ibishishwa, hamwe na catalizator bigira uruhare runini mukumenya urwego rwo gusimbuza (DS) hamwe nimiterere ya selile ya ether.
4. Ubwoko bwa Cellulose Ethers:
Ether ya selile irashobora gushyirwa mubice ukurikije ubwoko bwibintu bifatanye nitsinda rya hydroxyl. Bimwe mubikoreshwa cyane muri selile ya selile harimo:
Methyl selulose (MC)
Hydroxypropyl selile (HPC)
Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC)
Ethyl hydroxyethyl selulose (EHEC)
Carboxymethyl selulose (CMC)
Buri bwoko bwa selulose ether yerekana imiterere yihariye kandi irakwiriye gukoreshwa muburyo bwihariye bitewe nimiterere yimiti nintera yo gusimburwa.
5. Ibyiza nibisabwa bya selile ya Ethers:
Ethers ya Cellulose itanga ibintu byinshi byingirakamaro bituma iba ingenzi mubikorwa bitandukanye:
Kubyimba no gutuza: Ethers ya selile ikoreshwa cyane nkibibyimbye hamwe na stabilisateur mu biribwa, imiti, nibicuruzwa byawe bwite. Batezimbere ubwiza bwimiterere nibisubizo byibisubizo hamwe na emulisiyo, bizamura ibicuruzwa bihamye hamwe nimiterere.
Imiterere ya firime: Ethers ya selile irashobora gukora firime yoroheje kandi ibonerana mugihe ikwirakwijwe mumazi cyangwa kumashanyarazi. Izi firime zisanga porogaramu muri coatings, gupakira, hamwe na sisitemu yo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge.
Kubika Amazi: Imiterere ya hydrophilique ya selile ya selile ibafasha gufata no kugumana amazi, bigatuma iba inyongera zingirakamaro mubikoresho byubwubatsi nka sima, minisiteri, nibicuruzwa bya gypsumu. Batezimbere imikorere, gufatana, no kuramba kwibi bikoresho.
Gutanga ibiyobyabwenge: Ethers ya selile ikoreshwa muburyo bwa farumasi nkibikoresho byo kugenzura irekurwa ryibiyobyabwenge, kunoza bioavailable, hamwe na mask uburyohe cyangwa impumuro mbi. Bakunze gukoreshwa mubinini, capsules, amavuta, no guhagarikwa.
Guhindura Ubuso: Ethers ya selile irashobora guhindurwa muburyo bwa chimique kugirango itangire amatsinda akora ibintu byihariye nkibikorwa bya mikorobe, ibikorwa bya flame, cyangwa biocompatibilité. Izi selile zahinduwe zishakisha porogaramu muburyo bwihariye, imyenda, nibikoresho bya biomedical.
6. Ingaruka ku bidukikije no Kuramba:
Ether ya selile ikomoka kubishobora kuvugururwa nkibiti byimbaho, ipamba, cyangwa izindi fibre yibimera, bigatuma bikomeza kuramba. Ikigeretse kuri ibyo, ni ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika kandi bidafite uburozi, bitera ingaruka nke z’ibidukikije ugereranije na polimeri ikora. Nyamara, synthesis ya selile ya selile irashobora kuba irimo reaction yimiti isaba gucunga neza kugabanya imyanda ningufu zikoreshwa.
7. Ibitekerezo by'ejo hazaza:
Ibisabwa kuri selile ya selile biteganijwe ko bizakomeza kwiyongera bitewe nuburyo butandukanye hamwe nibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije. Imbaraga zubushakashatsi zirimo kwibanda mugutezimbere udushya twa selile ya selile hamwe nibikorwa byongerewe imbaraga, kunoza imikorere, hamwe nimiterere ijyanye nibikorwa byihariye. Byongeye kandi, kwinjiza ethers ya selile mu buhanga bugenda bugaragara nko gucapa 3D, nanocomposite, hamwe n’ibikoresho bikomoka ku binyabuzima bitanga amasezerano yo kwagura ibikorwa byazo no kugera ku isoko.
selulose ethers yerekana icyiciro cyingenzi cyimvange hamwe nibikorwa bitandukanye bikora inganda nyinshi. Guhuza kwabo kwihariye kwimiterere, ibinyabuzima, hamwe no kuramba bituma bakora ibintu byingenzi mubintu byinshi nibikorwa. Gukomeza guhanga udushya muri selilose ether chimie nikoranabuhanga byiteguye guteza imbere iterambere no gufungura amahirwe mashya mumyaka iri imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-18-2024