Ni uruhe rugero rwa selile?

Abahanga ba selile bahagarariye icyiciro gitandukanye cy'ibice bikomoka kuri selile, abagore benshi baboneka mu rukuta rw'Akagari w'ibimera. Ibi bikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zinyuranye kubera imitungo yabo idasanzwe, harimo kubyimba, gukomera, gushishika muri firime, no kugumana amazi. Muri ubu bushakashatsi bwagutse, tuzajya gucengera mu isi ya selile, dusuzuma imiterere yabo, imitungo, uburyo bw'uruko synthesi, no gusaba mu nzego zitandukanye.

1. Kumenyekanisha abakoresha selile:

Abashiraho selile ni ibikomoka kuri selile aho bamwe muri hydroxyl (-Oh) amatsinda ya polymer ya selile asimburwa namatsinda ya ether. Izi mpinduka zahinduye imiterere yumubiri wa filime, uyikoreshwe mumazi nibindi bicuruzwa, atari byo hamwe na selile kavukire. Gusimbuza amatsinda ya hydroxyl hamwe na ether ihuza rya selile itanga imitungo yifuzwa, harimo no kwifuza, viccosity, ubushobozi bwo gushiraho firime, nubushobozi bwumuriro.

2. Imiterere n'imitungo ya elegiteri:

Imiterere ya ba ba mbere ba selile iratandukanye bitewe n'urwego rwo gusimbuza. Abahanga muri seliki basanzwe barimo Methyl selile, EthroxyEsethyl, HydroxyAyll Twolilel, HydroxyPropYl Twollese, na CarboxyMethyl selile. Ibi bikomokaho byerekana imitungo itandukanye, nko kwitonda, gukomera, gushinga gel, hamwe nubushyuhe, bituma bikwiranye no gusaba bitandukanye.

Kurugero, methyl selile irashonga mumazi akonje ariko ikora gel iyo ashyushye, bigatuma bisabwa gusaba gusaba imitungo ya selling, nko mubicuruzwa byibiribwa hamwe nibicuruzwa. Ethyl selile, kurundi ruhande, ihujwe n'amazi ariko ishonje mu buryo bwa kama, bigatuma bikwirakwira mu maringa, kumeneka, no kugenzurwa-kurekura-igenzurwa na Sisitemu yo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge.

3. Synthesis ya elegiteri ya selile:

Abashiraho selile basanzwe banyuze mu guhindura imiti ya selile bakoresheje ibikoresho bitandukanye nibibazo. Uburyo busanzwe burimo guhinduka, gushikama, no kuri okiside. Guhangana bikubiyemo gufata selile hamwe na alkyl halide cyangwa alkylene oxide mubihe bya alkaline kugirango itangire ether ihuza. Kubundi ukuboko, bikubiyemo gufata selile hamwe na kanseri ya carbox cyangwa aside anhyddride kugirango ikore ester ihuza.

Synthesis ya elefli selile isaba kugenzura ibintu byitondewe kugirango ugere ku rwego rwifuzwa rwo gusimbuza n'umutungo. Ibintu nkibisubizo, ubushyuhe, PH, na catalests bakina inshingano zingenzi muguhitamo intsinzi yimikorere ya synthesis.

4. Gusaba abakora selile:

Abahanga ba selile basanga ibyifuzo byinshi mu nganda zitandukanye kubera imitungo yabo itandukanye. Mu nganda zibiribwa, zikoreshwa nkabaribabi, abigannye, kandi bamagana ibicuruzwa nkibisobe, isupu, imyambarire, hamwe na desser. Methyl selile, bikunze gukoreshwa nkababyimbye kandi bihuza ibikomoka ku gikoni, amavuta, hamwe ninyama.

Mu nganda z'imiti, abahanga muri seliki bakoreshwa nk'ubusambanyi, basenyuka, n'abakozi bagenzurwa na bashinzwe kurekura muri Tablet. HydroxyPropyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC), ikoreshwa cyane nka bunder muri tablet ya tablet kubera imiterere yacyo yo guhuza no guhuza nabandi bibabaye.

Mu nganda zubwubatsi, abakoresha seliki bakoreshwa nkinyongera muri sima na minisiteri yo kunoza imikorere, kubamo gusuka amazi, hamwe nibiranga. HydroxyAythyl

Mu nganda z'umuntu ku giti cye no kwisiga, abakoresha selile bakoreshwa ahantu hanini, barimo shampos, bakingike, amavuta, amavuta, n'amavuta. HydroxyPropyl Cellulose (HPC), kurugero, ikoreshwa nkumuntu wigitugu hamwe na firime yo kwivuza mumisatsi, mugihe CarboxyMethyl TOLLEULOULLL. CMC) ikoreshwa nka equacosity formice.

5. Imyumvire y'ibizaza n'ibibazo:

Nubwo bakoreshejwe cyane kandi bifite akamaro mu nganda zitandukanye, abahanga muri selile bahura n'ibibazo bimwe na bimwe, harimo ibibazo by'ibidukikije, ibibuza kugenzura, no guhatanira ibindi bikoresho. Gukoresha abahanga ba selile bikomoka ku masoko rusange no guteza imbere uburyo bwa synthesi burambye ni ahantu ho gukora ubushakashatsi n'iterambere.

Byongeye kandi, gutera imbere muri Nanotecnology na Biotechnologiya no mu binyabuzima bifungura amahirwe mashya yo guhindura no gukora imikorere ya selile, biganisha ku iterambere ry'ibikoresho bishya hamwe n'imitungo yongerewe n'imikorere.

Mu gusoza, abakoresha ba selire bagereranya ibyiciro bitandukanye byimibare hamwe nibisabwa bitandukanye mubijyanye n'inganda zitandukanye. Ibintu byabo byihariye, harimo no kwikunda, viccosity, hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukora firime, bituma bitabagira uruhare mubiryo, imiti, kubaka, hamwe nibicuruzwa byita kugiti cye. Nubwo bahuye nibibazo, nkibidukikije nibibazo, abahanga ba selile bakomeje kugira uruhare rukomeye muguhuza imikorere n'imikorere yabaguzi benshi nibicuruzwa byinganda.