Ubudotu bwa selile ni ubwoko bwa polymer yatunganijwe, bufite ibiranga impamyabumenyi no guhagarikwa. Mu bwoko bwinshi, HPMC nimwe hamwe nibisohoka byinshi kandi ikoreshwa cyane, kandi ibisohoka byayo biriyongera vuba.
Mu myaka yashize, tubikesheje gukura kwubukungu bwigihugu, umusaruro wa selile mu gihugu cyanjye watumye umwaka. Muri icyo gihe, hamwe n'iterambere ry'ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga mu gihugu, bahanganye na selile yo hejuru basabye amafaranga menshi yo gutumizwa buhoro buhoro, kandi ubunini bwoherezwa mu mahanga bwa Cellulose bwo mu rugo bukomeje kwiyongera. Amakuru yerekana ko kuva Mutarama kugeza mu Gushyingo 2020, Ubushinwa bwahujwe n'amatori mu Gushyingo mu mwaka wa 64.806, mu gihe cyo kwiyongera k'umwaka 14.2%, biruta byinshi byoherezwa mu mahanga muri 2019.
Uburenganzira bwa Cellulose bigira ingaruka kubiciro bya Ipamba:
Ibikoresho by'ibanze bya selile birimo ibicuruzwa by'ubuhinzi n'amashyamba harimo n'ipamba binonosoye hamwe n'ibicuruzwa bishyize mu gaciro. Ibikoresho fatizo byipamba byatunganijwe ni LARTETL. Igihugu cyanjye gifite ipamba nyinshi, kandi imisaruro y'ipamba ikozwe ahanini i Shandong, Xinjiag, Hebei, Jiani, Hiingsu n'ahandi. Ipamba ikora cyane ni nyinshi cyane kandi mubibazo byinshi.
Ipamba ifite igipimo kinini mu buryo bugereranije mu miterere y'ubukungu bw'ubukungu, kandi igiciro cyacyo kigira ingaruka ku bintu byinshi nkibihe bisanzwe hamwe no gutanga amakuru hamwe nibisabwa mpuzamahanga. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, imiti imeze nka proppide na methyl chloride nayo yibasiwe n'ibiciro mpuzamahanga bya peteroli. Kuva konte yibanze kubikoresho binini mumiterere ya selile ya selile, ihindagurika mubiciro byibiciro mbisi bigira ingaruka muburyo bwo kugurisha bwa selile.
Mu gusubiza igitutu cyafatiwe, abakora selile bakunze kwimura igitutu cyinganda zamanutse, ariko ingaruka zo kwimura zigoye kubicuruzwa bya tekiniki, ibicuruzwa bitandukanye nibicuruzwa byongeweho agaciro. Mubisanzwe, imishinga ifite inzitizi za tekiniki, ibyiciro bikize byibicuruzwa, hamwe n'agaciro gakomeye bifite ibyiza byinshi, kandi imishinga igereranya urwego rutandukanye rwinyungu zikomeye; Bitabaye ibyo, ibigo bikeneye guhangana nigitutu kinini. Byongeye kandi, niba ibidukikije byo hanze bidahungabana kandi imiterere yimigabane ni nini, ibigo bifatika bifatika byiteguye guhitamo abakiriya bamanutse bafite imbaraga nini zumwanzuro kandi imbaraga zikomeye zuzuye zo gukemura ibibazo byubukungu no kugabanya ingaruka. Kubwibyo, ibi bigabanya iterambere ryimibare mito ya selile ya ether kumunota runaka.
Imiterere ya Downstream:
Hamwe no gutera imbere kwa siyanse n'ikoranabuhanga, Isoko ryamanutse rizamuka mbike. Muri icyo gihe, biteganijwe ko hateganijwe ingamba zo kumanuka zizakomeza kwaguka, kandi hazakomatirwa ibitagenda neza bizakomeza gukura gahoro. Muburyo bwisoko ryakarengane bwa selile ya selile, ibikoresho byubaka, ubushakashatsi bwa peteroli, ibiryo nibindi bibanza bifata umwanya ukomeye. Muri bo, ibikoresho byo kubaka ni isoko rinini ry'abaguzi, ibarura rirenga 30%.
Inganda zubwubatsi nubunini bwabaguzi bunini bwibicuruzwa bya HPMC:
Mu nganda zubwubatsi, ibicuruzwa bya HPMC bigira uruhare runini muguhuza no kugumana amazi. Nyuma yo kuvanga na HPMC nkeya na sima ya sima, irashobora kongera ubuswa, bishobora kongera imbaraga za sima, miritar, bityo bigatera imbere imikorere y'ibikoresho byo kubaka, kunoza ubuziranenge bwo kubaka no kubaka ibwubatsi. Byongeye kandi, HPMC na we ni umutangiriro w'ingenzi kugira ngo umusaruro no gutwara abantu batungo ry'ubucuruzi, bushobora gufunga amazi no kuzamura imitekerereze ya beto. Kugeza ubu, HPMC nicyo gicuruzwa nyamukuru cya kallulose cya ether gikoreshwa mukubaka ibikoresho bya kashe.
Inganda zubwubatsi ni inganda zikomeye zo mu nkingi zubukungu bwigihugu cyanjye. Amakuru yerekana ko agace k'ubwubatsi rwubaka byiyongereye kuva kuri miliyari 7.08 mu mwaka wa 2010 kugeza ku ya 2010 kugeza kuri miliyari ya miliyari 14.42, bikaba byashishikarije kwiyongera ku isoko rya selile.
Gutera imbere muri rusange inganda zubutaka bwitiriwe imitungo itimukanwa, kandi agace kwubaka no kugurisha kwatumye umwaka umwe. Amakuru rusange yerekana ko muri 2020, umwaka wa buri kwezi ugabanuka mukarere gashya ko amazu yo guturamo abacuruzi yagabanutse, kandi umwaka ugabanuka umwaka ugabanuka 1.87%. Muri 2021, biteganijwe ko gukira mu buryo buteganijwe gukomeza. Kuva muri Mutarama kugeza Gashyantare, umubare w'iterambere ry'ibicuruzwa by'imiturire y'ubucuruzi n'inyubako zo guturamo zasubijwe ku 104.9%, biyongera cyane.
Gucukura amavuta:
Isoko ryubwubatsi bwinganda ziterwa no kwifashishwa no gushakisha ubucuruzi ku isi no gushora imari, hamwe hafi 40% yubushakashatsi ku isi yose yubushakashatsi ku isi hose yateguye gucukura serivisi zubuhanga.
Mugihe cyo gucukura amavuta, gucukura amazi bigira uruhare runini mugutwara no guhagarika ibiti, gushimangira inkuta hamwe no gukundana nigitutu, gukonjesha no gusiga ibicumbabyo, no kohereza ibiryo bya hydrodynamic. Kubwibyo, muburyo bwo gutekanya amavuta, ni ngombwa cyane gukomeza ubushuhe bukwiye, vinosiya, amazi nibindi bipimo byerekana amazi yo gucukura. Ubugari bwa Polyiniya, PAC, burashobora kubyimba, gusiga amavuta bito, no kohereza hydrodynamic imbaraga. Bitewe na geologiya igoye mubice byo kubika peteroli nibibazo byo gucukura, hari PAC birakenewe cyane PAC.
Inganda za farumasi
Abatanga na selile baninic bakoreshwa cyane mu nganda za farumasi nkabababarira ba farumasi nk'abarimbyi, bapatanye, kuzenguruka hamwe nabahinzi. Ikoreshwa mugukunda firime no kumemeka ibinini bya farumasi, kandi birashobora kandi gukoreshwa muguhagarika kwamaso, ibinini bireremba, nibindi. Kuva mubwiza bwibicuruzwa bigoye kandi hariho byinshi byo gukaraba. Ugereranije nandi manota ya selile ya selile, igipimo cyo gukusanya kiri hasi kandi igiciro cyumusaruro kiri hejuru, ariko agaciro kiyongereyeho kandi ni hejuru. Abavandimwe ba farumasi bakoreshwa cyane cyane mugutegura ibicuruzwa nko kwitegura imiti, imiti yitato za gishinwa nibicuruzwa bya biokimike.
Bitewe n'intangiriro y'inganda z'imiti y'igihugu cyanjye, urwego rwiterambere rusange ni ruto, kandi inganda zigomba kurushaho kuba nziza. Mubisohoka agaciro k'imyiteguro ya farumasi yo mu rugo, agaciro k'imyambarire y'imbere mu gihugu igereranya umubare muto wa 2% kugeza kuri 3%, biruta kuri 15%. Birashobora kugaragara ko abarinzi b'imiti yo mu rugo bagifite umwanya munini wo kwiteza imbere.
Dukurikije uko ibishoboka byose bya Cellulose Muri rusange, amarushanwa yo mu nganda arakaze, kandi biteganijwe ko kwibandaho kuzakomeza kongera.
Igihe cya nyuma: Werurwe-29-2023