Kuki selile yitwa polymer?

Cellulose, bakunze kwita ibinyabuzima byinshi ku isi, ni molekile ishimishije kandi igoye ifite ingaruka zikomeye ku mibereho itandukanye, uhereye ku miterere y'ibimera kugeza ku mpapuro n'imyenda.

Kumva impamvuselileni ibyiciro nka polymer, ni ngombwa gucengera mubice bya molekuline, imiterere yimiterere, nimyitwarire yerekana haba murwego rwa macroscopique na microscopique. Mugusuzuma izi ngingo zose, turashobora gusobanura imiterere ya polymer ya selile.

Polymer Chimie Yibanze:
Ubumenyi bwa Polymer nishami rya chimie ryita kubushakashatsi bwa macromolecules, ni molekile nini igizwe no gusubiramo ibice byubaka bizwi nka monomers. Inzira ya polymerisation ikubiyemo guhuza aba monomers binyuze mumigozi ya covalent, ikora iminyururu ndende cyangwa imiyoboro.

Imiterere ya molekulire ya selile:
Cellulose igizwe cyane cyane na karubone, hydrogène, na atome ya ogisijeni, itondekanye mumurongo umeze nkurunigi. Ikibanza cyibanze cyubaka, molekile ya glucose, ikora nkigice cya monomeric ya selile ya polymerizasiyo. Buri gice cya glucose kiri mumurongo wa selile gihujwe nubutaha binyuze kuri β (1 → 4) ihuza glycosideque, aho amatsinda ya hydroxyl (-OH) kuri karubone-1 na karubone-4 yibice bya glucose yegeranye bigenda byuzuzanya kugirango bibe bihuza.

Imiterere ya Polymeric ya Cellulose:

Gusubiramo ibice: β (1 → 4) ihuza glycosideque muri selile bivamo gusubiramo ibice bya glucose kumurongo wa polymer. Uku gusubiramo ibice byubatswe nikintu cyibanze kiranga polymers.
Uburemere buke bwa molekile: molekile ya selile igizwe nibihumbi kugeza kuri miriyoni ya glucose, biganisha ku buremere buke bwa molekile busanzwe bwa polymer.
Imiterere y'urunigi rurerure: Itondekanya umurongo wibice bya glucose muminyururu ya selile ikora iminyururu yagutse ya molekile, bisa nkibintu biranga urunigi rumeze nkimiterere igaragara muri polymers.
Imikoranire hagati ya molekile: molekile ya selile yerekana hydrogène intermolecular ihuza iminyururu yegeranye, byoroha gukora microfibrile hamwe na macroscopique, nka fibre selile.
Ibikoresho bya mashini: Imbaraga zubukanishi nubukomezi bwa selile, ingenzi kugirango uburinganire bwimiterere yinkuta zi selile, biterwa na kamere ya polymer. Iyi mitungo iributsa ibindi bikoresho bya polymer.
Biodegradability: Nubwo ifite imbaraga, selile irashobora kwangirika, igenda yangirika na enzymatique na selile, ikaba hydrolyze ihuza glycosideque ihuza ibice bya glucose, amaherezo ikamenagura polymer muri monomers ziyigize.

Porogaramu n'akamaro:
Imiterere ya polymer yaselileIshimangira ibikorwa byayo bitandukanye mubikorwa bitandukanye, harimo impapuro na pulp, imyenda, imiti, ningufu zishobora kubaho. Ibikoresho bishingiye kuri selile bihabwa agaciro kubwinshi, kubora ibinyabuzima, kuvugurura, no guhuza byinshi, bigatuma biba ingenzi muri societe igezweho.

selile yujuje ibisabwa nka polymer kubera imiterere ya molekile, igizwe no gusubiramo ibice bya glucose bihujwe na β (1 → 4) glycosideque, bikavamo iminyururu ndende ifite uburemere buke bwa molekile. Imiterere ya polymer yayo igaragarira mubintu bitandukanye, harimo no gushiraho iminyururu yagutse, imikoranire hagati y’imiterere, imiterere yubukanishi, hamwe na biodegradability. Gusobanukirwa selile nka polymer ningirakamaro mugukoresha porogaramu zitabarika no gukoresha ubushobozi bwayo muburyo bwikoranabuhanga nibikoresho.