Zvinamira zvechisikigo zvinowanzoshandiswa zvinonamira muhupenyu hwedu. Zvinoenderana neakasiyana masosi, inogona kukamurwa kuita mhuka glue, yemiriwo glue uye mineral glue. Nama yemhuka inosanganisira namo yeganda, namo yebhonzo, shellac, casein glue, albumin glue, hove dundira guruu, nezvimwewo; muriwo guruu rinosanganisira starch, dextrin, rosin, gum arabic, natural rubber, nezvimwewo; mineral glue inosanganisira mineral wax, asphalt Mirira. Nekuda kwekuwanda kwayo, mutengo wakaderera uye yakaderera muchetura, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mufenicha, kusunga mabhuku, kurongedza uye kugadzira nemaoko.
starch adhesive
Mushure mokunge starch yakanamatira inopinda muzana remakore rechi21, kushanda zvakanaka kwezvakatipoteredza kwechinhu chacho kuchava chinhu chikuru chechinhu chitsva. Starch isiri-chepfu, isingakuvadzi, ine mutengo wakaderera, inogona kuparara uye ine hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza inovandudzwa sosi. Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana. Kunyanya mumakore achangopfuura, tekinoroji yekugadzira maindasitiri yepasi rose iri kusimukira munzira yekuchengetedza simba, mutengo wakaderera, pasina huwandu hwekukuvadza, yakakwira viscosity uye isina solvent.
Semhando yechigadzirwa chegirinhi chekudzivirira kwezvakatipoteredza, starch adhesive yakakwezva kutarisisa kwakanyanya uye kutarisisa kukuru muindasitiri yekunamira. Nezve mashandisirwo uye kugadzirwa kwemasitashi anonamira, tarisiro yekunamatira sitachi yakasanganiswa nechibage starch iri kuvimbisa, uye tsvakiridzo nekushandisa ndizvo zvakanyanya.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura, starch seanonamira inonyanya kushandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvemapepa nemapepa, senge katoni uye kuvhara katoni, kunyora, ndege gluing, mahamvuropu anonamira, akawanda-layer pepa bhegi bonding, nezvimwe.
Mazhinji akajairwa starch adhesive anounzwa pazasi:
Oxidized starch adhesive
Iyo gelatinizer yakagadzirwa kubva musanganiswa westarch yakagadziridzwa ine yakaderera dhigirii yepolymerization ine aldehyde boka uye carboxyl boka uye mvura pasi pekuita kweiyo oxidant nekupisa kana gelatinizing pakudziya kwekamuri ndeye yakatakura starch adhesive. Mushure mokunge starch yakasvibiswa, starch yakasvibiswa nemvura inonyunguduka, kunyorova uye kunamatira kunoumbwa.
Kuwanda kweoxidant idiki, dhigirii yeoxidation haina kukwana, huwandu hwese hwemapoka matsva anoshanda anogadzirwa ne starch anoderera, viscosity yekunamatira inowedzera, iyo yekutanga viscosity inoderera, fluidity haina kunaka. Iine simba guru pane acidity, pachena uye hydroxyl yezvinyorwa zvekunamatira.
Nekuwedzera kwenguva yekuita, chiyero che oxidation chinowedzera, zviri mu carboxyl boka zvinowedzera, uye viscosity yechigadzirwa inoderera zvishoma nezvishoma, asi kujeka kuri kuita nani uye zvirinani.
Esterified starch adhesive
Esterified starch adhesives asingaparadzike starch adhesives, ayo anopa starch nemapoka matsva anoshanda kuburikidza ne esterification reaction pakati pemapoka ehydroxyl emamorekuru estarch nezvimwe zvinhu, nekudaro anovandudza mashandiro emasitashi anonamira. Nekuda kwechikamu chemuchinjiko-chinongedzo che esterified starch, saka Iyo viscosity inowedzera, kugadzikana kwekuchengetedza kuri nani, hunyoro-uchapupu uye anti-virus zvivakwa zvinovandudzwa, uye iyo inonamira layer inogona kumira yakakwirira uye yakaderera uye neimwe nzira.
Grafted starch adhesive
Kubatanidza starch kushandisa nzira dzemuviri uye dzemakemikari kuita kuti starch molecular chain ibudise mahara radicals, uye kana wasangana nemapolymer monomers, ketani inogadzirwa. Cheni yepadivi inoumbwa nemapolymer monomers inogadzirwa pane starch main chain.
Kutora mukana weiyo iyo polyethylene uye starch mamorekuru ane hydroxyl mapoka, hydrogen zvisungo zvinogona kuumbwa pakati pepolyvinyl doro uye starch mamorekuru, ayo anoita basa re "grafting" pakati pepolyvinyl doro uye starch mamorekuru, kuitira kuti yakawanikwa starch adhesive ine zvakawanda. Yakanaka kunamatira, fluidity uye anti-kutonhora zvivakwa.
Nekuti starch adhesive ndeye yakasikwa polymer adhesive, yakaderera mumutengo, isiri-chepfu uye haina kuravira, uye haina kusvibisa nharaunda, saka yakatsvagirwa zvakanyanya uye kuiswa. Munguva ichangopfuura, zvinonamirwa nesitachi zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumapepa, machira edonje, mahamvuropu, mavara, uye makadhibhokisi ane marara.
Cellulose adhesive
Cellulose ether derivatives inoshandiswa seanamira kunyanya inosanganisira methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose uye imwe ethyl cellulose (EC): is a A thermoplastic, mvura-insoluble, nonionic cellulose alkyl ether.
Iine kugadzikana kwakanaka kwemakemikari, yakasimba alkali kuramba, yakanakisa magetsi ekudzivirira uye mechanical rheology, uye ine maitiro ekuchengetedza simba uye kushanduka kwepamusoro uye kuderera kwekushisa. Inoenderana nyore newakisi, resin, plasticizer, nezvimwewo, sepepa, rabha, dehwe, Adhesives emachira.
Methyl cellulose (CMC): ionic cellulose ether. Muindasitiri yemachira, CMC inowanzo shandiswa kutsiva yemhando yepamusoro sitachi senge saizi mumiriri wemachira. Machira akaputirwa neCMC anogona kuwedzera kupfava uye nekuvandudza zvakanyanya kudhinda uye kudhaya zvivakwa. Muindasitiri yechikafu, akasiyana ekirimu ice cream akawedzerwa neCMC ane chimiro chakanaka, chiri nyore kuisa ruvara, uye hazvisi nyore kupfava. Sekunamatira, inoshandiswa kugadzira mbariro, mabhokisi emapepa, mabhegi emapepa, mapepa uye huni hwekugadzira.
Cellulose esterzvinobva: kunyanya nitrocellulose uye cellulose acetate. Nitrocellulose: Iyo inozivikanwawo se cellulose nitrate, iyo nitrogen yemukati inowanzova pakati pe10% ne14% nekuda kwemadhigirii akasiyana esterification.
Izvo zvakakwirira zvinowanzozivikanwa semoto wekotoni, iyo yakashandiswa mukugadzira isina utsi uye colloidal pfuti. Izvo zvakaderera zvinowanzozivikanwa se collodion. Haina kunyungudika mumvura, asi inonyungudika mune yakasanganiswa solvent ye ethyl doro uye ether, uye mhinduro ndeye collodion. Nekuti collodion solvent inoputika uye inoita firimu rakaoma, rinowanzo shandiswa kuvhara mabhodhoro, kudzivirira maronda uye yekutanga purasitiki celluloid munhoroondo.
Kana huwandu hwakakodzera hwealkyd resin huchiwedzerwa sechigadziriso uye huwandu hwakakodzera hwecamphor hunoshandiswa sechinhu chinoomesa, inova nitrocellulose adhesive, iyo inowanzoshandiswa pakubatanidza mapepa, machira, dehwe, girazi, simbi uye ceramics.
Cellulose acetate: Iyo inozivikanwawo se cellulose acetate. Muhupo hwe sulfuric acid catalyst, cellulose inosanganiswa nemusanganiswa weacetic acid uye ethanol, uye ipapo dilute acetic acid inowedzerwa ku hydrolyze chigadzirwa kune chinodiwa dhigirii esterification.
Kuenzaniswa ne nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate inogona kushandiswa kugadzira solvent-based adhesives kune bond epurasitiki zvigadzirwa senge magirazi uye matoyi. Kuenzaniswa ne cellulose nitrate, ine yakanakisa viscosity kuramba uye kusimba, asi ine kushomeka kweasidhi, kusamira kwehunyoro uye kuramba kwemamiriro ekunze.
protein glue
Protein adhesive imhando yekunamira kwechisikigo ine mapuroteni-ine zvinhu seyakanyanya mbishi. Zvinamira zvinogona kugadzirwa kubva kumapuroteni emhuka uye mapuroteni emiriwo. Zvinoenderana neprotein inoshandiswa, yakakamurwa kuita mapuroteni emhuka (fen glue, gelatin, yakaoma protein glue, uye albumin) uye mapuroteni emiriwo (bhinzi chingamu, nezvimwewo). Ivo vanowanzove nepamusoro bond tension kana yakaoma uye inoshandiswa mukugadzira fenicha uye kugadzirwa kwehuni. Zvisinei, kudzivirira kwayo kupisa uye kudzivirira kwemvura kwakashata, iyo mapuroteni emhuka anonamatira anonyanya kukosha.
Soy protein glue: Mapuroteni emuriwo haangori chikafu chakakosha chekudya, asi ane huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa muminda isiri chikafu. Yakagadzirwa pasoya mapuroteni anonamira, kutanga muna 1923, Johnson akanyorera patent yemasoya mapuroteni anonamira.
Muna 1930, soybean protein phenolic resin board adhesive (DuPont Mass Division) haina kushandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekusimba kwekubatana uye mutengo wepamusoro wekugadzira.
Mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemusika wekunamira, acidity yezviwanikwa zvemafuta epasi rose uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza zvakwezva kutarisa, izvo zvakaita kuti indasitiri yekunamira itarise zvitsva zvinonamira, zvichikonzera kuti soyabhinzi mapuroteni anonamira zvakare ave hotspot yekutsvaga.
Soybean adhesive haina muchetura, haina kuravira, iri nyore kushandisa, asi ine kushomeka kwemvura. Kuwedzera 0.1% ~ 1.0% (mass) e-cross-linking agents akadai thiourea, carbon disulfide, tricarboxymethyl sulfide, nezvimwewo zvinogona kuvandudza kusamira kwemvura, uye kugadzira zvinonamira zvehuni nekugadzira plywood.
Mhuka mapuroteni glues: Mhuka glues ave achishandiswa zvakanyanya mufenicha uye maindasitiri ekugadzira huni. Zvigadzirwa zvinowanzo shandiswa zvinosanganisira fenicha yakaita secheya, matafura, makabhati, modhi, matoyi, midziyo yemitambo nemadhiri.
Nyowani nyowani yemvura yemhuka glues ine solids yemukati ye50-60% inosanganisira kukurumidza-kurapa uye inononoka-kurapa marudzi, ayo anoshandiswa mukubatana kwefuremu mapaneru ehardboard makabati, nhare yeimba yekusangana, yakaoma laminates, uye dzimwe dzisingadhure mhuka dzinopisa. Zvidiki uye zvepakati zvinonamira zvinoda nguva dzeglue.
Nama yemhuka imhando yekutanga yekunamira inoshandiswa mumatepi ekunamira. Matepi aya anogona kushandiswa kune akajairwa mabhegi ezvitoro emagetsi anorema senge kuvharwa kana kurongedza kwefiber yakasimba uye mabhokisi ane marata ekutumira uko kunodiwa mashandiro emakanika nekukurumidza uye kwenguva refu yakasimba yebhondi.
Panguva ino, chiyero chepfupa chepfupa chakakura, uye ganda reganda rinowanzoshandiswa roga kana kusanganiswa nepfupa glue. Sekureva kweCoating Online, chinonamira chinoshandiswa chinowanzo kugadzirwa nechinhu chakasimba chinosvika makumi mashanu muzana, uye chinogona kusanganiswa ne dextrin pa10% kusvika 20% yehuremu hwakaoma, pamwe chete nechidimbu chekunyorova, plasticizer, gel inhibitor (kana zvichidiwa).
Adhesive (60 ~ 63 ℃) inowanzosanganiswa nependi pabepa rinotsigira, uye huwandu hwekuisa hwakasimba hunowanzo 25% yehuremu hwebhesi. Wet tepi inogona kuomeswa pasi pekukakavadzana nemhepo inopisa rollers kana neinogadziriswa air direct heaters.
Pamusoro pezvo, kushandiswa kweglue yemhuka kunosanganisira kugadzirwa kwesandpaper uye gauze abrasives, saizi uye kupfekedzwa kwemachira nemapepa, uye kusungirirwa kwemabhuku nemagazini.
Tannin adhesive
Tannin ndeye organic compound ine polyphenolic mapoka, anowanikwa zvakanyanya muhunde, bark, midzi, mashizha uye michero yemiti. Kunyanya kubva kumapuranga ekugadzira bark zvimedu uye zvirimwa zvine yakakwira tannin. Iyo tannin, formaldehyde nemvura inosanganiswa uye inopisa kuti iwane tannin resin, ipapo mushonga wekurapa uye muzadzi unowedzerwa, uye tannin adhesive inowanikwa nekukurudzira zvakafanana.
Tannin adhesive ine zvakanaka kupikisa kupisa uye humidity kuchembera, uye kuita kwehuni yegluing kwakafanana neye phenolic adhesive. Inonyanya kushandiswa gluing huni, nezvimwewo.
lignin adhesive
Lignin chimwe chezvikamu zvikuru zvehuni, uye zvinyorwa zvayo zvinokwana 20-40% yehuni, yechipiri kune cellulose. Zvakaoma kubvisa lignin zvakananga kubva muhuni, uye sosi huru ndeye pulp tsvina yemvura, iyo yakapfuma zvakanyanya muzviwanikwa.
Lignin haina kushandiswa seanonamatira chete, asi phenolic resin polymer inowanikwa nekuita kwephenolic boka re lignin uye formaldehyde seanonamatira. Kuti uvandudze kudzivirira kwemvura, inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nering-loaded isopropane epoxy isocyanate, stupid phenol, resorcinol uye mamwe maitiro. Lignin adhesives anonyanya kushandiswa kubatanidza plywood uye particleboard. Nekudaro, viscosity yayo yakakwira uye ruvara rwakadzika, uye mushure mekuvandudzwa, chiyero chekushandisa chinogona kuwedzerwa.
Arabic gum
Gum arabic, inozivikanwawo seacacia gum, ndeye exudate kubva kumuti wemusango wemhashu. Yakatumidzwa nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwayo kwakanyanya munyika dzeArab. Gum arabic inonyanya kuumbwa neakaderera molecular uremu polysaccharides uye yakakwirira molecular uremu acacia glycoproteins. Nekuda kwekunyungudika kwemvura kwegum arabic, kuumbwa kuri nyore kwazvo, hakudi kupisa kana accelerator. Gum Arabic inomesa nekukasira. Inogona kushandiswa kubatanidza lenzi dzemaziso, zvitambi zvegluing, kubatidza mabhii echiratidzo, kubatanidza chikafu chekurongedza uye kudhinda uye kudhaya anobatsira.
Inorganic adhesive
Adhesives akagadzirwa neinorganic zvinhu, senge phosphates, phosphates, sulfates, boron munyu, metal oxides, nezvimwewo, anonzi inorganic adhesives. Hunhu hwayo:
(1) High tembiricha kuramba, anogona kutsungirira 1000 ℃ kana yepamusoro tembiricha:
(2) Zvakanaka anti-kuchembera zvivakwa:
(3) Kudzikira kudiki
(4) Kufembera kukuru. Iyo elastic modulus ndeyekurongeka kwetsoka kwakakwira kupfuura iyo organic adhesives:
(5) Kuramba kwemvura, asidhi uye alkali kuramba hazvina kunaka.
Unoziva here? Zvinamira zvine zvimwe zvinoshandiswa kunze kwekunamira.
Anti-corrosion: Mapombi ezvikepe anonyanya kuvharwa nealuminium silicate uye asbestos kuti awane kupisa kwekupisa, asi nekuda kwekudonha kana kuchinjika kutonhora nekupisa, mvura inogadzirwa inogadzirwa, iyo inoungana pamadziro ekunze epasi pepombi; uye mapombi emvura anoratidzirwa kune tembiricha yakakura kwenguva yakareba, soluble salts Basa rekunze kwemadziro ekuora kwakakomba kwazvo.
Kuti izvi zviitike, magirazi emvura akatevedzana anonamira anogona kushandiswa semidziyo yekupfekedza pazasi pearuminiyamu silicate kuti igadzire jasi rine enamel-yakafanana chimiro. Mukugadzira michina, zvikamu zvinowanzovharwa. Kugara kwenguva refu kumhepo yezvishandiso zvakabhoti kunogona kukonzera kukoromoka kwemukova. Mukuita basa remagetsi, dzimwe nguva mabhoti anosunungurwa nekuda kwekudengenyeka kwakanyanya.
Kuti ugadzirise dambudziko iri, zvikamu zvekubatanidza zvinogona kusungirirwa neinorganic adhesives mune yekumisikidza yekumisikidza, uyezve yakabatana nemabhaudhi. Izvi hazvigone kungoita basa rekusimbisa, asiwo kuita basa mukurwisa-corrosion.
Biomedical: Kuumbwa kwezvinhu hydroxyapatite bioceramic iri padyo neinorganic chikamu chepfupa remunhu, ine biocompatibility yakanaka, inogona kuumba yakasimba chemikemikari bond nebhonzo, uye ndiyo yakanaka yakaomarara kutsiva zvinhu.
Nekudaro, iyo general elastic modulus yeakagadzirirwa HA implants yakakwira uye simba rakaderera, uye chiitiko hachina kunaka. Phosphate girazi rinonamira rinosarudzwa, uye iyo HA raw material poda inosungirirwa pamwe chete pane yakaderera tembiricha pane yechinyakare sintering tembiricha kuburikidza nekuita kwekunamira, nekudaro ichidzikisa elastic modulus uye kuve nechokwadi chekuita kwezvinhu.
Cohesion Technologies Ltd. yakazivisa kuti vakagadzira Coseal sealant inogona kushandiswa pakubata kwemoyo uye yakashandiswa zvinobudirira mukiriniki. Kuburikidza nekuenzanisa kushandiswa kwemakesi e21 ekuvhiyiwa kwemwoyo muEurope, zvakaonekwa kuti kushandiswa kweCoseal kuvhiyiwa kwakaderedza zvakanyanya kubatanidzwa kwekuvhiya kuenzaniswa nedzimwe nzira. Zvidzidzo zvekutanga zvekiriniki zvakatevera zvakaratidza kuti Coseal sealant ine mukana mukuru mukuvhiya mwoyo, gynecological uye mudumbu.
Iko kushandiswa kwemanamira mukurapa kunozivikanwa senzvimbo nyowani yekukura muindasitiri yekunamatira. Structural glue inoumbwa ne epoxy resin kana unsaturated polyester.
Mune tekinoroji yekudzivirira: Stealth submarines chimwe chezviratidzo zvechizvino-zvino chemidziyo yengarava. Nzira yakakosha yekubira pasi pegungwa ndeyekuisa matiles anobata ruzha pagoko repasi pegungwa. Tile inobata ruzha imhando yerabha ine ruzha-inobata zvinhu.
Kuti uone kusanganiswa kwakasimba kwemuffler tile uye ndiro yesimbi yemadziro echikepe, zvinodikanwa kuvimba nekunamatira. Inoshandiswa munhandare yemauto: kugadzirisa matangi, kuungana kwezvikepe zvemauto, mabhomba emauto ehondo, missile warhead thermal protection layer bonding, kugadzirira kwecamouflage zvinhu, kurwisa hugandanga uye anti-hugandanga.
Zvinoshamisa here? Usatarise diki yedu yekunamatira, kune ruzivo rwakawanda mairi.
Iyo huru yemuviri uye yemakemikari maitiro ekunamatira
Operation nguva
Yakakura nguva yepakati pakati pekunamira kusanganiswa uye pairing yezvikamu zvinosungirwa
Nguva yekutanga yekuzorora
Nguva yeSimba Rinobvisika Inobvumira Simba Rakakwana reKubata Bond, kusanganisira Kufambisa Zvikamu kubva kune Fixtures.
nguva yakazara yekurapa
Nguva inodiwa kuti uwane ekupedzisira mechaniki zvivakwa mushure mekunamira kusanganiswa
nguva yekuchengetedza
Pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, iyo yakanamatira inogona kuramba ichichengetedza maitiro ayo ekubata uye nguva yekuchengetedza yesimba rakatarwa
bond simba
Pasi pechiito chesimba rekunze, kushushikana kunodiwa kugadzira iyo interface pakati peanonamatira uye inonamatira mune inonamatira chikamu inoputsika kana padyo.
Kuveura simba
Shear simba inoreva simba rekugera iro unit bonding surface inogona kumira kana chikamu chekubatanidza chakanganiswa, uye chikwata chayo chinoratidzwa muMPa (N/mm2)
Simba rekudhonza risina kuenzana
Mutoro wepamusoro wejoinhi unogona kutakura kana uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchi kutakura , uye simba rinoenderana neyuniti kureba kwete panzvimbo yeyuniti . iri KN/m
Tensile Simba
Kusimba kwesimba, kunozivikanwawo seunifomu yekudhonza-kure simba uye yakanaka tensile simba, inoreva kusimba kwesimba pane imwe unit nharaunda kana adhesion yakuvadzwa nechisimba, uye chikwata chinoratidzwa muMPa (N/mm2).
svuura simba
Simba rePeel ndiro rinorema paupamhi hweyuniti hunogona kumira kana zvikamu zvakasungwa zvakapatsanurwa pasi pemamiriro akatsanangurwa ekuperera, uye chikamu chayo chinoratidzwa muKN/m.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-25-2024