Ruzivo rwemakemikari tsananguro uye mutsauko weFiber, cellulose uye cellulose ether

Fiber:

Fiber, mumamiriro ezvinhu emakemikari uye zvigadzirwa zvesainzi, zvinoreva kirasi yezvinhu zvinoratidzwa neyavo yakareba, tambo-kunge chimiro. Zvigadzirwa izvi zvinoumbwa nevolymers, iwo mamorekuru akakura anoumbwa nekudzokorora zvikamu zvinonzi Monomer. Fibers inogona kuve yechisikigo kana kuyananisa, uye ivo vanowana kushandiswa kwakapararira mumasango akasiyana siyana kusanganisira manyorerwo, makomendi, uye bionyicine.

Machira echisikigo anotorwa kubva kune zvidyarwa, mhuka, kana zvicherwa. Mienzaniso inosanganisira machira, makushe, silika, uye asbestos. Synthetic fibers, kune rumwe rutivi, anogadzirwa kubva pazvinhu zvemakemikari kuburikidza nemaitiro kunge polymerization. Nylon, polyester, uye acrylic inozivikanwa mienzaniso yemakwenzi echiSynthetic.

Mudenga remakemikari, izwi rekuti "fiber" rinowanzo kureva chimiro chechimiro chechinyorwa kwete kuumbwa kwayo. Fibers inoonekwa neyavo yakakwirira chikamu chiyero, zvichireva kuti vakareba kupfuura zvavakafara. Iyi fomu yakarongedzwa inopa zvivakwa zvakadai sesimba, kushanduka, uye kuisirwa zvinhu, kugadzira machira akakosha mumanyorero akasiyana siyana kubva kune zvipfeko kusimbisa mune zvigadzirwa.

Cellulose:

CelluloseIyo polysaccharide, inova mhando yekarabhydrate yakaumbwa nemaketani akareba emamolekyudhi. Ndiwo wakawanda kwazvo organic polymer pasi pano uye anoshanda sechinhu chomukati muchimiro mumasero emasero ezvirimwa. Mumakeically, cellulose ine zvikamu zvekudzokorora zveGlucose chakabatana pamwe ne β-1,4-glycosic zvisungo.

Chimiro che cellulose chinotyisa kwazvo, nemumoyo weCellulose Cellulose achizvishongedza mumicrofilils ayo anowedzera kuunganidza kuumba zviumbwa sechigadzirwa. Aya machira anopa rutsigiro rwemhando kumasima masero, achivanza kuomarara nesimba. Pamusoro pekuita kwayo mune zvidyarwa, cellulose zvakare ndiyo chikamu chikuru chechikafu chekudya chakawanikwa mumichero, miriwo, uye zviyo. Vanhu vanoshaya ma enzymes akakosha kuputsa cellulose, saka inopfuura kuburikidza neiyo yekugaya system yakanyanya kungwarira, kubatsira mukugaya uye kusimudzira hutano hwehupfu.

Cellulose ine akawanda maindasitiri ekushandisa nekuda kwekuwanda, kuvandudza, uye zvinodikanwa zvivakwa zvakadai seBiodergradability, biginiki, uye simba. Zvinowanzoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwepepa, zvifananidzo, zvekuvakisa, uye biofuls.

Cellulose ether:

Cellulose etanaiboka remakemikari emakemikari anotorwa kubva ku cellulose kuburikidza nemakemikari kugadziridzwa. Izvi zvinoshandisika zvinosanganisira kuiswa kwemapoka anoshanda, akadai sehydroxytheh, hydroxyprichyl, kana carboxymymylme, kune cellulose backbone. Iyo inokonzeresa cellulose eterulose ana mimwe yehunhu hwehunhu hwema cellulose paunenge uchiratidza zvitsva zvivakwa zvinopihwa nemapoka anowedzerwa anoshanda.

Imwe yemisiyano yakakosha pakati pe cellulose uye cellulose anaiters iri mune yavo yekubatanidza zvivakwa. Nepo cellulose isisunganwi nemvura uye yakawanda organic sol soles, cellaulose eters kazhinji inowanzo kuve yemvura-solubit kana kuratidza yakavezwa solubility solicic sol. Iyi solubility inoita cellulose zvigadzirwa zvine mimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa mumaindasitiri senge mishonga, chikafu, zvidyarwa, uye kuvaka.

Mienzaniso yakajairika yemherem cellulose ethyl inosanganisira methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxyprosl cellulose (HPC), uye Carboxymell Cellulose (CMC). Aya makomputa anoshandiswa sehana, mabhenji, stabilizer, uye vhiziri-yekugadzira vamiririri mune zvakasiyana siyana. Semuenzaniso, CMC inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikafu zvekudya seyemumiriri ane simba uye emulsifier, nepo HPC inoshandirwa muzvimiro zvekudzora zvinodhaka.

Fiber inoreva zvinhu zvine nguva refu, tambo-senge polymer yakasikwa inowanikwa mumadziro emasero, uye cellulose etinhi yakagadziridzwa mishonga yemapepa ine maindasitiri emumaindasitiri. Nepo cellulose inopa chimiro chemhando yezvirimwa uye inoshanda seinobva chikafu fiber, cellulose etimility fiber uye anopa inosimbiswa yekushandisa uye kuwana yakashandiswa muzvivakwa zvakasiyana.