1.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)inokosha cellulose ether, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuvaka, mishonga, chikafu, zvizoro uye mamwe minda. HPMC ine yakanaka thickening, firimu-kuumba, emulsifying, kumiswa uye mvura kuchengetedza zvivakwa, saka inoita basa rinokosha mumaindasitiri akawanda. Kugadzirwa kweHPMC kunonyanya kutsamira pamagadzirirwo emakemikari. Mumakore achangopfuura, nekufambira mberi kwebiotechnology, nzira dzekugadzira dzinobva pakuviriswa kwehutachiona dzakatangawo kukwezva kutarisa.
2. Kuvirisa kugadzirwa kwemutemo weHPMC
Iyo yechinyakare HPMC yekugadzira maitiro inoshandisa yakasikwa cellulose seyakagadzirwa uye inogadzirwa nenzira dzemakemikari senge alkalization, etherification uye kunatsa. Nekudaro, kuita uku kunosanganisira huwandu hukuru hwezvinonyungudutsa uye makemikari reagents, ayo ane simba guru pane zvakatipoteredza. Naizvozvo, kushandiswa kweiyo microbial fermentation kugadzira cellulose uye kuwedzera etherify yave nzira yekugadzira ine hushamwari uye inoenderera.
Microbial synthesis ye cellulose (BC) yanga iri nyaya inopisa mumakore achangopfuura. Utachiona hunosanganisira Komagataeibacter (seKomagataeibacter xylinus) neGluconacetobacter hunokwanisa kugadzira zvakananga high-purity cellulose kuburikidza nekuvirisa. Aya mabhakitiriya anoshandisa glucose, glycerol kana mamwe carbon sources se substrates, kuvirisa pasi pemamiriro akakodzera, uye secrete cellulose nanofibers. Iyo mhedzisiro yebhakitiriya cellulose inogona kushandurwa kuita HPMC mushure mehydroxypropyl uye methylation modification.
3. Nzira yekugadzira
3.1 Kuvirisa maitiro ebhakitiriya cellulose
Iko optimization yemaitiro ekuvirisa kwakakosha mukuvandudza goho uye mhando yebhakitiriya cellulose. Matanho makuru ndeaya anotevera:
Kuongorora uye kurima: Sarudza mhando dzeserulosi dzine goho repamusoro, dzakadai seKomagataeibacter xylinus, kuitira kupfuya nekugonesa.
Fermentation medium: Ipa carbon sources (glucose, sucrose, xylose), nitrogen masosi (yeast extract, peptone), inorganic munyu (phosphates, magnesium salt, etc.) uye regulators (acetic acid, citric acid) kusimudzira kukura kwebhakitiriya uye selulosi synthesis.
Fermentation mamiriro ekudzora: kusanganisira tembiricha (28-30 ℃), pH (4.5-6.0), yakanyungudika oksijeni mwero (inokurudzira kana static tsika), nezvimwe.
Kuunganidza nekucheneswa: Mushure mekuvirisa, bhakitiriya cellulose inounganidzwa nekusefa, kuwacha, kuomeswa uye mamwe matanho, uye mabhakitiriya asara uye humwe hutsvina hunobviswa.
3.2 Hydroxypropyl methylation shanduko ye cellulose
Iyo yakawanikwa bhakitiriya cellulose inoda kuvandudzwa kemikari kuti ipe hunhu hweHPMC. Matanho makuru ndeaya anotevera:
Alkalinization kurapwa: kunyura muhuwandu hwakakodzera hweNaOH mhinduro yekuwedzera iyo cellulose ketani uye kugadzirisa maitiro ekuita etherification inotevera.
Etherification reaction: pasi petembiricha chaiyo uye inokonzeresa mamiriro, wedzera propylene oxide (hydroxypropylation) uye methyl chloride (methylation) kutsiva cellulose hydroxyl boka kuti riumbe HPMC.
Neutralization uye kucheneswa: gadzirisa neasidhi mushure mekuita kuti ubvise makemikari reagents asina kubatwa, uye uwane chigadzirwa chekupedzisira nekugeza, kusefa nekuomesa.
Kupwanya uye giredhi: kupwanya HPMC kuita zvimedu zvinosangana nezvakatsanangurwa, uye skrini nekuzvirongedza zvinoenderana neakasiyana viscosity mamakisi.
4. Makiyi matekinoroji uye maitiro ekugadzirisa
Kuvandudza Strain: kunatsiridza goho re cellulose uye mhando kuburikidza nemajini engineering yemicrobial strains.
Fermentation process optimization: shandisa bioreactors yesimba rekutonga kuti uvandudze kugadzirwa kwe cellulose.
Green etherification process: kuderedza kushandiswa kweorganic solvents uye kuvandudza yakawedzera hushamwari etherification tekinoroji, senge enzyme catalytic gadziriso.
Kudzora kwemhando yechigadzirwa: nekuongorora iyo inotsiva dhigirii, solubility, viscosity uye zvimwe zviratidzo zveHPMC, ive nechokwadi chekuti inosangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa.
The fermentation-basedHPMCnzira yekugadzira ine zvakanakira kuve inogona kudzokororwa, yakatenderedza nharaunda uye inoshanda, iyo inoenderana nemaitiro egirinhi kemisitiri uye kusimudzira kwakasimba. Nekufambira mberi kwebiotechnology, tekinoroji iyi inotarisirwa kutsiva zvishoma nezvishoma nzira dzemakemikari echinyakare uye kusimudzira kushandiswa kwakakura kweHPMC muminda yekuvaka, chikafu, mushonga, nezvimwe.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-11-2025