Ndeipi basa rekuchengetedza mvura yakasanganiswa mune gypsum poda zvinhu?
Mhinduro: gypsum plastering, bonded gypsum, caulking gypsum, gypsum putty uye zvimwe zvekuvaka poda zvinhu zvinoshandiswa. Kuti zvive nyore kuvaka, gypsum retarders inowedzerwa panguva yekugadzirwa kuti iwedzere nguva yekuvaka yegypsum slurry. A retarder inowedzerwa kuti inhibit iyo hydration process yehemihydrate gypsum. Iyi mhando yegypsum slurry inoda kuchengetwa pamadziro kweawa 1 kusvika maviri isati yanyunguduka, uye mazhinji emadziro ane midziyo yekunyudza mvura, kunyanya madziro ezvidhinha, pamwe neAir-concrete madziro, porous insulation mapuranga uye zvimwe zviyereru-huremu zvinhu zvitsva zvemadziro, saka gypsum slurry inofanira kuchengetwa-mvura kudzivirira chikamu chemvura kubva pamadziro emvura, zvichiguma nekupfupikisa kwemvura. gypsum slurry inoomesa uye haina kukwana hydration. Zvakakwana, zvichikonzera kupatsanurwa uye kuputika kwejoini pakati pepurasita uye pamusoro pemadziro. Kuwedzerwa kwemvura-inochengetedza mumiriri ndeyekuchengetedza hunyoro huri mugypsum slurry, kuve nechokwadi chekuita kwe hydration ye gypsum slurry pane interface, kuitira kuve nechokwadi chesimba rekubatanidza. Inowanzo kushandiswa kwemvura-kuchengetedza mishonga inonzi cellulose ethers, yakadai se: methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC), etc. Uyezve, polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate, modified starch, diatomaceous earth, isingawanzoitiki pasi poda, nezvimwewo zvinogonawo kushandiswa kugadzirisa kushandiswa kwemvura.
Hazvina mhosva kuti rudzii rwemvura inochengetedza mumiriri inogona kunonoka hydration mwero wegypsum kune akasiyana madhigirii, kana huwandu hweretarder hunoramba husina kuchinjika, mumiriri anochengetedza mvura anogona kazhinji kudzoreredza kuseta kwemaminetsi gumi nemashanu-30. Nokudaro, chiyero che retarder chinogona kuderedzwa zvakakodzera.
Ndeipi dosage yakakodzera yemvura inochengetedza mumiriri mune gypsum poda zvinhu?
Mhinduro: Zvishandiso zvinochengeta mvura zvinowanzo shandiswa mukuvaka hupfu hwakadai sepurasita gypsum, bonding gypsum, caulking gypsum, uye gypsum putty. Nemhaka yokuti rudzi urwu rwegypsum rwakasanganiswa ne retarder, iyo inhibits hydration process ye hemihydrate gypsum, zvakakosha Kuita kurapwa kwekuchengetedza mvura pane gypsum slurry kudzivirira chikamu chemvura muslurry kubva pakutamira kumadziro, zvichiita kuti mvura ipere uye isina kukwana hydration apo gypsum is hardened. Kuwedzerwa kwemvura-inochengetedza mumiriri ndeyekuchengetedza hunyoro huri mugypsum slurry, kuve nechokwadi chekuita kwe hydration ye gypsum slurry pane interface, kuitira kuve nechokwadi chesimba rekubatanidza.
Chiyero chayo chinowanzo kuve 0.1% kusvika 0.2% (accounting yegypsum), apo gypsum slurry inoshandiswa pamadziro ane simba rekunyudza mvura (senge aerated concrete, perlite insulation boards, gypsum blocks, madziro ezvidhinha, nezvimwewo), uye Pakugadzirira bonding gypsum, caulking gyptypsum yemvura, kuisa pasi pegypsum, kuisa pasi pemvura gypsum, kuisa pasi pemvura. mumiririri anofanira kunge akakura (kazhinji 0.2% kusvika 0.5%).
Mishonga inochengetedza mvura yakaita semethyl cellulose (MC) uye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) inonyungudika inotonhora, asi inoumba mapundu padanho rekutanga kana yanyungudika yakananga mumvura. Mvura inochengetedza mvura inoda kutanga yasanganiswa negypsum powder kuti ipararire. Gadzirira muupfu wakaoma; wedzera mvura uye simbisa, rega kumira kwemaminitsi mashanu, simbisa zvakare, mhedzisiro yacho iri nani. Zvisinei, pane ikozvino cellulose ether zvigadzirwa zvinogona kunyungudutswa zvakananga mumvura, asi hazvina simba pakugadzirwa kwehupfu hwakaoma.
Ko iyo inodzivirira mvura inoita sei basa rekusapinda mvura mumuviri wakaomeswa wegypsum?
Mhinduro: Mhando dzakasiyana dzekudzivirira mvura dzinoita basa ravo rekudzivirira mvura mugypsum yakaomeswa muviri maererano nemaitiro akasiyana ekuita. Chaizvoizvo inogona kupfupikiswa munzira ina dzinotevera:
(1) Deredza kunyungudika kwegypsum yakaomeswa muviri, wedzera kunyorovesa coefficient, uye zvishoma shandura iyo calcium sulfate dihydrate ine yakanyanya kunyungudika mumuviri wakaoma kuita calcium munyu ine yakaderera solubility. Semuenzaniso, saponified synthetic fatty acid ine C7-C9 inowedzerwa, uye chiyero chakakodzera chequicklime uye ammonium borate inowedzerwa panguva imwe chete.
(2) Gadzira firimu rinodzivirira mvura kuti rivhare zvakanaka capillary pores mumuviri wakaoma. Semuenzaniso, kusanganisa parafini emulsion, asphalt emulsion, rosin emulsion uye parafini-rosin composite emulsion, yakagadziridzwa asphalt composite emulsion, nezvimwe.
(3) Shandura simba repamusoro remuviri wakaomeswa, kuitira kuti mamorekuru emvura ari muhutano hwakabatana uye haakwanise kupinda mukati mecapillary channels. Semuenzaniso, akasiyana-siyana e-silicone ekudzivirira mvura anosanganiswa, kusanganisira akasiyana emulsified silicone oiri.
(4) Kuburikidza nekuputira kwekunze kana kunyura kuparadzanisa mvura kubva pakunyudzwa mumatanho emuviri wakaomeswa, akasiyana-siyana esilicone yekudzivirira mvura anogona kushandiswa. Solvent-based silicones ari nani pane emvura-based silicones, asi yekutanga inoita kuti gasi kupera kweiyo gypsum yakaoma muviri yadzikira.
Kunyange zvazvo zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudzivirira mvura zvinogona kushandiswa kuvandudza kusapinda kwemvura kwezvinhu zvekuvaka zvegypsum nenzira dzakasiyana, gypsum ichiri mhepo-inoomesa gelling zvinhu, iyo isingakodzeri kunze kwekunze kana kwenguva yakareba nzvimbo dzine hunyoro, uye inokodzera chete nharaunda dzine kushandura mvura uye yakaoma mamiriro.
Chii chinogadziriswa chekuvaka gypsum nemumiriri wekudzivirira mvura?
Mhinduro: Kune nzira mbiri huru dzekuita kwegypsum waterproofing agent: imwe ndeyekuwedzera kunyorovesa coefficient nekuderedza kunyungudika, uye imwe ndeyekuderedza kunyura kwemvura yegypsum zvinhu. Uye kuderedza kunyura kwemvura kunogona kuitwa kubva pamativi maviri. Imwe ndeyekuwedzera kusimba kweiyo yakaoma gypsum, ndiko kuti, kuderedza kunyura kwemvura kwegypsum nekudzikisa porosity uye kuputika kwemaitiro, kuitira kuti uvandudze kudzivirira kwemvura kwegypsum. Imwe yacho ndeyekuwedzera simba repamusoro peiyo gypsum yakaomeswa muviri, kureva, kuderedza kunyura kwemvura kwegypsum nekuita iyo pore pamusoro iite hydrophobic firimu.
Mvura inodzivirira mvura inoderedza porosity inoita basa nekuvhara mapores akanaka egypsum uye kuwedzera kusimba kwemuviri wegypsum. Kune akawanda admixtures ekudzikisa porosity, akadai se: parafini emulsion, asphalt emulsion, rosin emulsion uye parafini asphalt composite emulsion. Aya majekiseni ekudzivirira mvura anoshanda mukuderedza porosity yegypsum pasi pemaitiro akakodzera ekugadzirisa, asi panguva imwechete, ivo vanewo mhedzisiro yakaipa pane zvigadzirwa zvegypsum.
Iyo inonyanya kudzoreredza mvura inoshandura simba repamusoro isilicone. Inogona kupinda muchiteshi che pore imwe neimwe, kushandura simba repamusoro mukati mehumwe hurefu hwehurefu, uye nokudaro kushandura kona yekubatanidza nemvura, kuita kuti mamorekuru emvura abatane pamwe chete kuti aite madonhwe, kudzivirira kupindira kwemvura, kuzadzisa chinangwa chekudzivirira mvura, uye panguva imwechete kuchengetedza Mhepo permeability ye plaster. Mhando dzemhando iyi yekudzivirira mvura inonyanya kusanganisira: sodium methyl siliconate, silicone resin, emulsified silicone mafuta, etc. Zvechokwadi, iyi inodzivirira mvura inoda kuti dhayamita yepores haigoni kuva yakakura, uye panguva imwechete haigoni kupikisa kupindira kwemvura inomanikidza, uye haigoni kugadzirisa zvachose dambudziko renguva refu yemvura uye unyoro-uchapupu hwezvigadzirwa zvegypsum.
Vatsvakurudzi vekumba vanoshandisa nzira yekubatanidza organic zvinhu uye inorganic zvinhu, kureva, zvichibva pane organic emulsion waterproofing agent yakawanikwa ne-co-emulsification ye polyvinyl doro uye stearic acid, uye kuwedzera alum dombo, naphthalenesulfonate aldehyde condensate A new type ye gypsum composite composite waterproofing agent inogadzirwa nemunyu. Iyo gypsum composite yekudzivirira mvura mumiriri inogona kusanganiswa zvakananga negypsum nemvura, kutora chikamu mukuita crystallization maitiro egypsum, uye kuwana zvirinani kudzivirira mvura.
Ndeipi inhibitory mhedzisiro ye silane yekudzivirira mvura mumiririri pane efflorescence mugypsum mortar?
Mhinduro: (1) Kuwedzerwa kwe silane yekudzivirira mvura kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya dhigirii ye efflorescence yegypsum mortar, uye chiyero che efflorescence inhibition yegypsum mortar inowedzera nekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwe silane mukati meimwe nzvimbo. Iyo inhibitory effect ye silane pa 0.4% silane yakanaka, uye inhibitory mhedzisiro yacho inoita kunge yakagadzikana kana huwandu hwacho hunodarika huwandu uhu.
(2) Kuwedzerwa kwe silane hakusi kungoumba hydrophobic layer pamusoro pevhu kuti kudzivirira kupindira kwemvura yekunze, asiwo kunoderedza kutama kwemukati we lye kuti iite efflorescence, iyo inovandudza zvakanyanya inhibitory effect ye efflorescence.
(3) Nepo kuwedzerwa kwe silane kuchidzivirira zvakanyanya efflorescence, haina mhedzisiro yakaipa pamichina yezvigadzirwa zveindasitiri ne-chigadzirwa gypsum dhaka, uye haina kukanganisa kuumbwa kwemukati chimiro uye yekupedzisira kutakura kugona kweindasitiri ne-chigadzirwa gypsum yakaoma-musanganiswa zvekuvakisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-22-2022