Dry-mixed dhaka musanganiswa wecementitious zvinhu (simende, nhunzi ash, slag poda, nezvimwewo), yakakosha graded fine aggregates (quartz jecha, corundum, nezvimwewo, uye dzimwe nguva inoda lightweight aggregates, akadai ceramsite, yakawedzera polystyrene, etc.) Granules, yakawedzerwa perlite, yakawedzerwa perlite, yakawedzera mix, yakasanganiswa yunifomu. chimwe chikamu, uye ipapo ivo vakarongedzerwa mumabhegi, mbiya kana kupihwa muhuwandu muhupfu hwakaoma.
Sekureva kwechikumbiro, kune akawanda marudzi emadhaka ekutengesa, akadai sedhaka rakaoma reupfu rekugadzira masonry, dhaka rakaoma reupfu rekupurasita, dhaka rakaoma revhu revhu, yakakosha dhaka yehupfu yekudzivirira mvura, kuchengetedza kupisa uye zvimwe zvinangwa. Kupfupisa, dhaka rakaoma-rakasanganiswa rinogona kukamurwa kuita yakajairwa yakaoma-yakasanganiswa dhaka (masonry, plastering uye pasi yakaoma-yakasanganiswa dhaka) uye yakakosha yakaoma-yakasanganiswa dhaka. Yakakosha yakaoma-yakavhenganiswa dhaka inosanganisira: inozvigadzika pasi dhaka, kupfeka-inodzivirira pasi zvinhu, isingabatike kupfeka-inodzivirira pasi, inorganic caulking agent, dhaka remvura, resin plastering dhaka, kongiri pamusoro pekudzivirira zvinhu, ine mavara plastering dhaka, nezvimwe.
Saka akawanda akaomeswa-akasanganiswa madhaka anoda akasanganiswa emhando dzakasiyana uye akasiyana masisitimu ekuita kuti agadziriswe kuburikidza nehuwandu hukuru hwebvunzo. Zvichienzaniswa zvechinyakare kongiri admixtures, yakaoma-yakavhenganiswa dhaka admixtures anogona chete kushandiswa muupfu chimiro, uye chechipiri, vari soluble mumvura inotonhora, kana zvishoma nezvishoma nyungudika pasi chiito alkali kuti dzishandise yavo yakakodzera mugumisiro.
1. Thickener, mvura inochengetedza agent uye stabilizer
Cellulose ether methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC)uyehydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC)zvose zvinogadzirwa nezvinhu zvakasikwa zvepolymer (zvakadai sekotoni, nezvimwewo) Non-ionic cellulose ether inogadzirwa nemishonga yemakemikari. Ivo vanoratidzwa nekunyungudika kwemvura inotonhora, kuchengetwa kwemvura, kukora, kubatana, kugadzira firimu, lubricity, isiri-ionic uye pH kugadzikana. Kunyungudika kwemvura inotonhora kwerudzi urwu rwechigadzirwa kunovandudzwa zvakanyanya, uye simba rekuchengetedza mvura rinowedzerwa, nzvimbo yekukora iri pachena, dhayamita remabhuru emhepo akaunzwa idiki, uye mhedzisiro yekuvandudza simba rekubatanidza redhaka inowedzerwa zvakanyanya.
Cellulose ether haina kungova nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana, asiwo ine huwandu hwakawanda hwehuwandu hwema molecular weight uye viscosity kubva ku5mPa. s kusvika 200,000 mPa. s, kukanganisa kwekuita kwedhaka muchikamu chitsva uye mushure mekuoma kwakasiyanawo. Nhamba yakakura yebvunzo inofanira kuitwa pakusarudza iyo chaiyo sarudzo. Sarudza cellulose yakasiyana-siyana ine viscosity yakakodzera uye molecular uremu renji, diki dosi, uye isina mhepo-inopinza pfuma. Nenzira iyi chete inogona kuwanikwa pakarepo. Ideal technical performance, asiwo ine yakanaka hupfumi.
2. Redispersible latex poda
Basa guru reiyo thickener ndeyekuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kugadzikana kwedhaka. Kunyangwe ichigona kudzivirira dhaka kubva pakutsemuka (kudzikamisa chiyero chekubuda kwemvura) kune imwe nhanho, haiwanzo shandiswa senzira yekuvandudza kuoma, kutsemuka kuramba uye kuramba kwemvura kwedhaka. Tsika yekuwedzera mapolymers kuvandudza kusamira, kuoma, kutsemuka kuramba uye kukanganisa kuramba kwedhaka nekongiri kwave kuzivikanwa. Inowanzo shandiswa polymer emulsions yekushandurwa kwesamende dhaka uye simende kongiri inosanganisira: neoprene rubber emulsion, styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion, polyacrylate latex, polyvinyl chloride, chlorine partial emulsion emulsion, polyvinyl acetate, nezvimwewo. kupindirana kwemaitiro pakati pemapolymer nesimende, uye simende hydration zvigadzirwa zvakavewo nedzidziso yakadzidzwa. Kuwedzera kwakadzama kuongororwa uye tsvagiridzo, uye nhamba huru yemhedzisiro yesainzi yakaonekwa.
Polymer emulsion inogona kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwedhaka rakagadzirwa-yakasanganiswa, asi zviri pachena kuti hazvibviri kuishandisa zvakananga mukugadzirwa kwevhu rakaoma revhu, saka rakazvarwa redispersible latex powder. Parizvino, iyo redispersible latex poda inoshandiswa muvhu rakaoma dhaka rinonyanya kusanganisira: ① vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer (VAC/E); ② vinyl acetate-tert-carbonate copolymer (VAC/VeoVa); ③ acrylate homopolymer ( Acrylate); ④ vinyl acetate homopolymer (VAC); 4) styrene-acrylate copolymer (SA), nezvimwewo Pakati pavo, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer ine chiyero chikuru chekushandisa.
Kudzidzira kwakaratidza kuti kushanda kwe redispersible latex powder yakagadzikana, uye ine mhedzisiro isingaenzaniswi pakuvandudza kusimba kwechisungo chedhaka, kuvandudza kusimba kwayo, deformation, crack resistance uye kusapindirana, etc. Kuwedzera hydrophobic latex powder copolymerized by polyvinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, ethyletesorly, ethyletesorly yemvura, etc. dhaka (nekuda kweiyo hydrophobicity), ichiita iyo dhaka mhepo-inopindika uye isingapindiki, inosimudzira iyo Inopesana nemamiriro ekunze uye yakavandudza kusimba.
Zvichienzaniswa nekuvandudza simba rekushanduka-shanduka uye simba rekubatanidza redhaka uye kuderedza brittleness yaro, mhedzisiro ye redispersible latex powder pakuvandudza kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka uye kusimbisa kubatana kwayo kunogumira. Sezvo kuwedzerwa kwe redispersible latex powder kunogona kupararira uye kukonzera kuwanda kwemhepo-kupinza mumusanganiswa wevhu, maitiro ayo ekuderedza mvura ari pachena. Ehe, nekuda kwechimiro chisina kunaka chemhepo yakaunzwa, iyo yekudzikisa mvura haina kuvandudza simba. Pane zvinopesana, simba revhu richaderera zvishoma nezvishoma nekuwedzera kweiyo redispersible latex powder content. Nokudaro, mukugadzirwa kwemamwe madhaka anofanirwa kufunga nezvekumanikidzika uye simba rekugadzirisa, zvinowanzodiwa kuwedzera defoamer panguva imwe chete kuitira kuti kuderedza kukanganiswa kwakashata kwe latex powder pane simba rekumanikidza uye kushanduka kwesimba redhaka.
3. Defoamer
Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwe cellulose, starch ether uye polymer zvinhu, iyo mhepo-inopinza pfuma yedhaka inowedzerwa pasina mubvunzo, iyo inokanganisa kusimba kwesimba, flexural simba uye bonding simba redhaka kune rumwe rutivi, uye inoderedza yayo elastic modulus; kune rumwe rutivi, Iyo inewo simba guru pakuonekwa kwedhaka, uye zvakakosha zvikuru kubvisa mabhuru emhepo akaiswa mumatope. Parizvino, kunze kwenyika yakaoma poda defoamers inonyanya kushandiswa muChina kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, asi zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nekuda kwepamusoro viscosity yedhaka rezvigadzirwa, kubviswa kwemhepo inoputika haisi basa riri nyore.
4. Anti-sagging agent
Kana uchinamira mataira eceramic, mapuranga epolystyrene ane furo, uye kushandisa rabha poda polystyrene particle insulation insulation mortar, dambudziko guru rakatarisana naro ndere kudonha. Kudzidzira kwakaratidza kuti kuwedzera starch ether, sodium bentonite, metakaolin uye montmorillonite chiyero chinoshanda chekugadzirisa dambudziko rematope anodonha mushure mekuvaka. Mhedzisiro huru yedambudziko rekudonha ndeyekuwedzera kwekutanga shear kunetseka kwedhaka, ndiko kuti, kuwedzera thixotropy yayo. Mumashandisirwo anoshanda, hazvisi nyore kusarudza yakanaka anti-sagging agent, nekuti inoda kugadzirisa hukama pakati pethixotropy, workability, viscosity uye kudiwa kwemvura.
5. Mukobvu
Iyo dhaka rekupurasita, tile grout, yekushongedza ine mavara dhaka uye yakaoma-yakasanganiswa dhaka inoshandiswa kumadziro ekunze kweiyo yakatetepa plaster insulation sisitimu yakakosha pakuita basa rekusapinda mvura kana remvura, rinoda kuwedzerwa kweupfu inodzivirira mvura, asi inofanirwa kuve neanotevera maitiro: ① ita dhaka hydrophobic semhedzisiro; uye chengetedza-refu-nguva mhedzisiro; uye chengetedza-refu-refu mhedzisiro; ② haina kukanganisa kusimba kwekubatana kwepamusoro; ③ zvimwe zvinodzingisa mvura zvinowanzoshandiswa pamusika, senge calcium stearate, zvinonetsa Kurumidza uye zvakaenzana zvakasanganiswa nesamende dhaka, haisi yakakodzera hydrophobic yekuwedzera kune yakaoma-yakasanganiswa dhaka, kunyanya kupurasita zvinhu zvekugadzira michina.
A silane-based powder water-repellent agent ichangobva kugadzirwa, inova yeupfu silane-based product inowanikwa nespray-drying silane-coated water-soluble protective colloids uye anti-caking agents. Kana iyo dhaka yakasanganiswa nemvura, iyo inodzivirira colloid shell yemvura inodzivirira mvura inonyunguduka nekukurumidza mumvura, uye inoburitsa iyo encapsulated silane kuti iparadzire zvakare mumvura inosanganiswa. Munzvimbo ine alkaline yakawanda mushure me simenti hydration, iyo hydrophilic organic inoshanda mapoka mu silane inogadziriswa hydrolyzed kuti iite yakanyanya reactive silanol mapoka, uye mapoka e silanol anoramba achiita zvisingachinjiki nemapoka e hydroxyl mune simende hydration zvigadzirwa kuti aumbe kemikari zvisungo , kuitira kuti silane yakabatana pamwe chete nekuchinjika-inongedzo pamadziro emushonga wepocereta pamadziro emuchinjika. Sezvo hydrophobic organic functional mapoka anotarisana nekunze kwemadziro epore, pamusoro pepores inowana hydrophobicity, nekudaro ichiunza iyo yakazara hydrophobic athari kune dhaka.
6. Ubiquitin inhibitors
Erythrothenic alkali ichakanganisa aesthetics ye simenti-based decoration mortar, iyo idambudziko rinowanzoitika rinoda kugadziriswa. Maererano nemishumo, resin-based anti-pantherine additive yakabudirira kubudirira munguva ichangopfuura, iyo inodzokororwa poda ine basa rakanaka rinokurudzira. Ichi chigadzirwa chakanyanya kukodzera kushandiswa mukuyamura machira, putties, caulks kana kupedzisa dhaka maumbirwo uye ane kuenderana kwakanaka nezvimwe zvinowedzera.
7. Fiber
Kuwedzera huwandu hwakakodzera hwefiber mudhaka kunogona kuwedzera kusimba kwesimba, kuwedzera kuomarara, uye kunatsiridza kuramba kwekuputika. Parizvino, makemikari ekugadzira fiber uye huni huni zvinowanzoshandiswa mudhaka yakaoma-yakasanganiswa. Chemical synthetic fibers, yakadai sepolypropylene staple fiber, polypropylene staple fiber, etc. Mushure mekushandurwa kwepamusoro, mafiritsi aya haana kungoita zvakanaka dispersibility, asiwo ane zvinyorwa zvakaderera, izvo zvinogona kubudirira kuvandudza kupikisa kwepurasitiki uye kuputika kushanda kwedhaka. Iyo mechanical properties haina kunyanya kukanganiswa. Iyo dhayamita yehuni fiber idiki, uye kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune kuwedzera kwemvura kudiwa kwedhaka kana uchiwedzera huni fiber.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-26-2024