Labada hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iyo hydroxyethyl cellulose labaduba waa cellulose

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)iyo hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) waa laba nooc oo cellulose ah oo muhiim ah oo si ballaaran looga isticmaalo warshado kala duwan sababtoo ah hantidooda gaarka ah. Iyadoo labadaba laga soo qaatay cellulose, waxay leeyihiin qaabab kiimiko oo kala duwan waxayna muujiyaan sifooyin iyo codsiyo kala duwan.

1. Horudhac Ku Saabsan Cellulose:
Cellulose waa polysaccharide dabiici ah oo laga helo gidaarada unugyada dhirta, oo ka kooban silsilado toosan oo unug gulukoos ah oo ku xiran β(1→4) glycosidic bonds. Alaabooyinka cellulose waxaa lagu helaa iyadoo kiimiko ahaan wax looga beddelo cellulose si kor loogu qaado sifooyin gaar ah ama loo soo bandhigo hawlqabadyo cusub. HPMC iyo HEC waa laba nooc oo kala duwan oo si weyn looga isticmaalo warshadaha u dhexeeya dawooyinka ilaa dhismaha.

2. Synthesis:
HPMC waxa lagu farsameeyay iyada oo ka falcelinaysa cellulose leh propylene oxide si ay u soo bandhigto kooxaha hydroxypropyl iyo ka dib methyl chloride si ay u soo bandhigto kooxaha methyl. Tani waxay keenaysaa beddelka kooxaha hydroxyl ee silsiladda cellulose, soo saarista badeecad leh solubility wanaajiyey iyo sifooyinka filim-samaynta.

HEC, dhanka kale, waxaa la soo saaraa iyada oo ka falcelinaysa cellulose leh ethylene oxide si loogu daro kooxaha hydroxyethyl. Heerarka beddelka (DS) ee HPMC iyo HEC labadaba waxaa lagu xakameyn karaa iyadoo la hagaajinayo xaaladaha falcelinta, saameynaya hantidooda sida viscosity, solubility, iyo dhaqanka gelation.

3. Qaabdhismeedka Kiimikada:
HPMC iyo HEC waxay ku kala duwan yihiin noocyada kooxaha beddelka ah ee ku xidhan laf dhabarta cellulose. HPMC waxay ka kooban tahay labada kooxood ee hydroxypropyl iyo methyl, halka HEC ay ka kooban tahay kooxaha hydroxyethyl. Bedelayaashani waxay siiya astaamo u gaar ah soosaar kasta, iyaga oo saamaynaya dhaqankooda codsiyo kala duwan.

4. Qalabka Jirka:
Labada HPMC iyo HEC waa polymers-biyo-milmi leh oo leh sifooyin dhumuc aad u wanaagsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, waxay soo bandhigaan kala duwanaanshaha viscosity, awoodda fuuq-celinta, iyo kartida samaynta filimada. HPMC caadi ahaan waxay leedahay viscosity sare marka loo eego HEC oo u dhigma, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid ku haboon codsiyada u baahan dhumuc weyn.

Intaa waxaa dheer, HPMC waxay sameysaa filimaan cad oo isku xiran sababtoo ah beddelaadkeeda methyl, halka HEC ay sameyso filimo jilicsan oo dabacsan. Kala duwanaanshahan guryaha filimka ayaa ka dhigaya mid kasta oo ku habboon codsiyada gaarka ah ee daawooyinka, alaabada daryeelka shakhsi ahaaneed, iyo warshadaha cuntada.

5. Codsiyada:
5.1 Warshadaha Daawooyinka:
Labada HPMC iyo HEC ayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa habaynta dawooyinka sida kuwa isku xidha, dhumucyada, iyo wakiilada dahaarka filimada. Waxay wanaajiyaan daacadnimada kiniinka, waxay xakameeyaan sii deynta daroogada, waxayna xoojiyaan dareenka afka ee habaynta dareeraha. HPMC ayaa loo door bidaa qaabaynta sii-daynta joogtada ah sababta oo ah heerka fuuq-baxa oo gaabis ah, halka HEC caadiyan loo isticmaalo xalalka indhaha iyo kiriimyada jirka la mariyo sababtuna tahay caddaynteeda iyo waafaqsanaanta dareeraha noolaha.

5.2 Warshadaha Dhismaha:
Dhinaca warshadaha dhismaha,HPMCiyoHECWaxaa loo shaqeeyaa sidii wax lagu daro walxaha sibidhka ku salaysan, sida hoobiyeyaal, grouts, iyo renders. Waxay hagaajiyaan karti-shaqsiyeedka, haynta biyaha, iyo ku-dhejinta, taasoo keentay in la wanaajiyo waxqabadka iyo adkeysiga badeecada ugu dambeysa. HPMC waxaa badanaa lagu door bidaa awoodeeda haynta biyaha, taas oo yaraynaysa dildilaaca oo wanaajisa wakhtiga dejinta.

5.3 Alaabta Daryeelka Shakhsi ahaaneed:
Labada noocba waxay ka helaan codsiyada alaabta daryeelka shakhsi ahaaneed sida shaambada, labeennada, iyo kiriimyada sida wakiilada dhumucyada, emulsifiers, iyo xasiliyeyaasha. HEC waxay siisaa qaab-dhismeed siman oo dhalaalaya, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon alaabta daryeelka timaha iyo kiriimyada maqaarka. HPMC, oo leh astaamaheeda samaynta filimada sare, ayaa loo isticmaalaa muraayadaha qorraxda iyo qaababka qurxinta ee u baahan iska caabbinta biyaha iyo xidhashada muddada dheer.

5.4 Warshadaha Cuntada:
Warshadaha cuntada, HPMC iyo HEC waxay u adeegaan sida wakiilada dhumucyada, xasiliyayaasha, iyo texturizers ee alaabooyin kala duwan oo ay ku jiraan suugo, labiska, iyo macmacaanka. Waxay wanaajiyaan dareenka afka, waxay ka hortagaan syneresis, waxayna kor u qaadaan sifooyinka dareenka ee habaynta cuntada. HPMC waxaa inta badan lagu door bidaa hufnaanteeda iyo xasilloonida kulaylkeeda, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon codsiyada u baahan jeelyo hufan iyo emulsions deggan.

6. Gabagabo:
hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) iyo hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) waa unugyo cellulose ah oo leh qaabab kiimiko oo kala duwan, hanti, iyo codsiyo. In kasta oo ay labaduba bixiyaan sifooyin dhumuc wanaagsan iyo filim samaynta, waxay muujinayaan kala duwanaanshiyaha viscosity, caddaynta filimka, iyo habdhaqanka fuuq-baxa. Fahamka kala duwanaanshiyahan ayaa muhiim u ah xulashada soosaar ku habboon codsiyada gaarka ah ee warshadaha sida dawooyinka, dhismaha, daryeelka shakhsi ahaaneed, iyo cuntada. Iyadoo cilmi-baaristu ay sii socoto, isbeddelo dheeraad ah iyo codsiyo asal ahaan cellulose ayaa la filayaa, taas oo gacan ka geysaneysa muhiimaddooda sii socota ee qaybaha warshadaha kala duwan.