1.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)ke cellulose ether ea bohlokoa, e sebelisoang haholo kahong, meriana, lijo, litlolo le masimo a mang. HPMC e na le thepa e ntle ea ho tenya, ho etsa filimi, emulsifying, ho emisoa le ho boloka metsi, kahoo e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa liindastering tse ngata. Tlhahiso ea HPMC haholo-holo e itšetlehile ka mekhoa ea phetoho ea lik'hemik'hale. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji ea baeloji, mekhoa ea tlhahiso e thehiloeng ho belisoa ha likokoana-hloko le eona e qalile ho hohela tlhokomelo.
2. Molao-motheo oa tlhahiso ea belisoa oa HPMC
Ts'ebetso ea setso ea tlhahiso ea HPMC e sebelisa selulose ea tlhaho e le lisebelisoa tse tala 'me e hlahisoa ke mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale e kang alkalization, etherification le ho hloekisa. Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebetso ena e kenyelletsa palo e kholo ea li-solvents le li-reagents tsa lik'hemik'hale, tse nang le tšusumetso e kholo tikolohong. Ka hona, tšebeliso ea fermentation ea likokoana-hloko ho kopanya selulose le ho e etsa etherify e fetohile mokhoa oa tlhahiso o bolokang tikoloho le o tsitsitseng.
Microbial synthesis ea cellulose (BC) esale e le taba e chesang lilemong tsa morao tjena. Likokoana-hloko tse kenyeletsang Komagataeibacter (joaloka Komagataeibacter xylinus) le Gluconacetobacter li ka kopanya ka ho toba selulose e phahameng ka ho fetisisa ka ho belisoa. Libaktheria tsena li sebelisa tsoekere, glycerol kapa mehloli e meng ea k'habone e le li-substrates, li belisa tlas'a maemo a loketseng, 'me li hlahisa li-nanofiber tsa cellulose. Sephetho sa selulose sa baktheria se ka fetoloa HPMC kamora hydroxypropyl le methylation modification.
3. Mokhoa oa tlhahiso
3.1 Mokhoa oa ho belisoa ha selulose ea baktheria
Ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso ea ho belisoa ke ea bohlokoa ho ntlafatsa chai le boleng ba selulose ea baktheria. Mehato ea mantlha ke e latelang:
Ho hlahlobisisa le ho lema: Khetha mefuta ea selulose e behang haholo, joalo ka Komagataeibacter xylinus, bakeng sa ho ruisoa lapeng le ho ntlafatsa.
Mehloli ea ho belisoa: Fana ka mehloli ea carbon (glucose, sucrose, xylose), mehloli ea naetrojene (tomoso e nkiloeng, peptone), matsoai a inorganic (phosphates, matsoai a magnesium, joalo-joalo) le li-regulator (acetic acid, citric acid) ho khothalletsa kholo ea baktheria le motsoako oa cellulose.
Taolo ea boemo ba ho belisoa: ho kenyelletsa mocheso (28-30 ℃), pH (4.5-6.0), boemo ba oksijene e qhibilihisitsoeng (setso se susumetsang kapa se tsitsitseng), joalo-joalo.
Ho bokella le ho hloekisoa: Ka mor’a ho belisoa, selulose ea baktheria e bokelloa ka ho sefa, ho hlatsuoa, ho omisoa le mehato e meng, ’me libaktheria tse setseng le litšila tse ling lia tlosoa.
3.2 Hydroxypropyl methylation phetoho ea selulose
Selulose ea baktheria e fumanoeng e hloka ho fetoloa lik'hemik'hale ho e fa litšobotsi tsa HPMC. Mehato ea mantlha ke e latelang:
Kalafo ea alkaliization: inela ka tekanyo e nepahetseng ea tharollo ea NaOH ho atolosa ketane ea cellulose le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea karabelo ea etherification e latelang.
Etherification reaction: tlas'a maemo a itseng a mocheso le maemo a susumetsang, eketsa propylene oxide (hydroxypropylation) le methyl chloride (methylation) ho nka sebaka sa cellulose hydroxyl sehlopha ho theha HPMC.
Neutralization le ho hloekisoa: fokotsa ka acid ka mor'a karabelo ho tlosa li-reagents tsa lik'hemik'hale tse sa sebetsaneng, 'me u fumane sehlahisoa sa ho qetela ka ho hlatsoa, ho sefa le ho omisa.
Ho pshatla le ho hlopha: pshatla HPMC hore e be likaroloana tse lumellanang le litlhaloso, 'me u li hlahlobe le ho li paka ho latela limaraka tse fapaneng tsa viscosity.
4. Theknoloji ea bohlokoa le mekhoa ea ho ntlafatsa
Ntlafatso ea khatello: ntlafatsa chai ea cellulose le boleng ka boenjiniere ba liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa mefuta ea likokoana-hloko.
Ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso ea Fermentation: sebelisa li-bioreactors bakeng sa taolo e matla ho ntlafatsa katleho ea tlhahiso ea cellulose.
Ts'ebetso ea Green etherification: fokotsa ts'ebeliso ea lihlapolli tsa lintho tse phelang le ho nts'etsapele mahlale a ntlafetseng a tikoloho, joalo ka phetoho ea enzyme catalytic.
Taolo ea boleng ba sehlahisoa: ka ho sekaseka degree ea substitution, solubility, viscosity le matšoao a mang a HPMC, etsa bonnete ba hore e fihlela litlhoko tsa kopo.
Thepa e thehiloeng ho belisoaHPMCmokhoa oa tlhahiso o na le melemo ea ho tsosolosoa, ho boloka tikoloho le ho sebetsa hantle, e lumellanang le mokhoa oa k'hemistri e tala le tsoelo-pele e tsitsitseng. Ka tsoelopele ea biotechnology, theknoloji ena e lebelletsoe ho nkela mekhoa ea khale ea lik'hemik'hale sebaka butle butle le ho khothaletsa ts'ebeliso e pharalletseng ea HPMC mafapheng a kaho, lijo, meriana, jj.
Nako ea poso: Apr-11-2025