Tokisetso ea carboxymethyl cellulose

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)ke polima e qhibilihang ka metsing e tsoang ho cellulose, e leng polysaccharide ea tlhaho e fumanehang maboteng a lisele tsa semela. CMC e fumana lits'ebetso tse pharalletseng liindastering tse fapaneng ho kenyelletsa lijo, meriana, litlolo, masela, pampiri, le tse ling tse ngata ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang joalo ka ho tenya, ho tsitsisa, ho tlama, ho etsa lifilimi le ho boloka metsi. Tokisetso ea CMC e kenyelletsa mehato e 'maloa ho qala ka ho ntšoa ha cellulose mehloling ea tlhaho e lateloang ke phetoho ea eona ho hlahisa lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl.

1. Ho ntšoa ha Cellulose:
Mohato oa pele oa ho lokisoa ha CMC ke ho ntšoa ha selulose mehloling ea tlhaho joalo ka makhasi a patsi, lithara tsa k'hothone, kapa likhoele tse ling tsa semela. Selulose hangata e fumanoa ka letoto la lits'ebetso tse kenyelletsang pulping, bleaching, le tlhoekiso. Ka mohlala, makhasi a lehong a ka fumanoa ka mekhoa ea mechine kapa ea lik'hemik'hale ea ho phunyeletsa ka lik'hemik'hale tse lateloang ke ho soeufala ka chlorine kapa hydrogen peroxide ho tlosa litšila le lignin.

2. Ts'ebetso ea Cellulose:
Hang ha cellulose e ntšoa, e hloka ho kenngoa ts'ebetsong ho thusa ho kenya lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl. Hangata ho sebetsa ho finyelloa ka ho phekola selulose ka alkali e kang sodium hydroxide (NaOH) kapa sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) tlas'a maemo a laoloang a mocheso le khatello. Kalafo ea alkali e ruruhisa likhoele tsa cellulose mme e eketsa ts'ebetso ea tsona ka ho roba li-intra le intermolecular hydrogen bond.

3. Karabo ea Carboxymethylation:
Selulose e kentsoeng ka nako eo e kenngoa karabelong ea carboxymethylation moo lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl (-CH2COOH) li hlahisoang lihlopheng tsa hydroxyl tsa liketane tsa cellulose. Boitšoaro bona hangata bo etsoa ka ho arabela selulose e kentsoeng ka sodium monochloroacetate (SMCA) ka pel'a motsoako oa alkaline joalo ka sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Karabo e ka emeloa ka tsela e latelang:

Cellulose + Chloroacetic Acid → Carboxymethyl Cellulose + NaCl

Maemo a karabelo ho kenyelletsa mocheso, nako ea karabelo, khatello ea li-reagents, le pH li laoloa ka hloko ho netefatsa tlhahiso e phahameng le tekanyo e lakatsehang ea ho kenya sebaka (DS) e bolelang palo e tloaelehileng ea lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl tse hlahisitsoeng ka yuniti ea glucose ea ketane ea cellulose.

4. Ho Neutralization le Ho Hlatsoa:
Kamora karabelo ea carboxymethylation, sephetho sa carboxymethyl cellulose ha se nke lehlakore ho tlosa alkali e feteletseng le chloroacetic acid e sa sebetseng. Sena se finyelloa ka tloaelo ka ho hlatsoa sehlahisoa ka metsi kapa tharollo ea asiti e hlapollang e lateloang ke filtration ho arola CMC e tiileng ho tsoa motsoakong oa karabelo.

5. Tlhoekiso:
CMC e hloekisitsoeng e hlatsuoa ka metsi ka makhetlo a mangata ho tlosa litšila tse kang matsoai, li-reagents tse sa sebetseng, le lihlahisoa. Filtration kapa centrifugation e ka sebelisoa ho arola CMC e hloekisitsoeng ho metsi a hlatsoang.

6. Ho omisa:
Qetellong, carboxymethyl cellulose e hloekisitsoeng e omisitsoe ho tlosa mongobo o setseng le ho fumana sehlahisoa se lakatsehang ka mokhoa oa phofo e omileng kapa granules. Ho omisa ho ka etsoa ka mekhoa e sa tšoaneng e kang ho omisa moea, ho omisa ka vacuum, kapa ho omisa ka spray ho itšetlehile ka litšobotsi tse lakatsehang tsa sehlahisoa sa ho qetela.

7. Sebopeho le Taolo ea Boleng:
E omisitsoengCMCsehlahiswa se kenngwa ka mahlale a fapaneng a ho hlakisa tse kang Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), le litekanyo tsa viscosity ho netefatsa sebopeho sa eona sa lik'hemik'hale, tekanyo ea ho fetola, boima ba molek'hule, le bohloeki. Liteko tsa taolo ea boleng li boetse li etsoa ho netefatsa hore sehlahisoa se kopana le lintlha tse hlokahalang bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse reriloeng.

ho lokisoa ha carboxymethyl cellulose ho kenyelletsa mehato e 'maloa ho kenyelletsa ho ntšoa ha selulose ho tsoa mehloling ea tlhaho, activation, carboxymethylation reaction, neutralization, tlhoekiso, ho omisa le ho khetholla. Mohato o mong le o mong o hloka taolo e hlokolosi ea maemo a karabelo le liparamente ho fihlela chai e phahameng, boemo bo lakatsehang ba ho fetola, le boleng ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela. CMC ke polymer e sebelisoang haholo e nang le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ikhethang le ho feto-fetoha ha maemo.