Ke hobane'ng ha cellulose e bitsoa polymer?

Cellulose, eo hangata ho thoeng ke motsoako o mongata ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng, ke molek'hule e tsotehang le e rarahaneng e nang le tšusumetso e tebileng likarolong tse sa tšoaneng tsa bophelo, ho tloha ho sebopeho sa limela ho ea ho tlhahiso ea pampiri le masela.

Ho utloisisa lebakaselulosee hlophisitsoe e le polymer, ho bohlokoa ho hlahlobisisa sebopeho sa eona sa limolek'hule, sebopeho sa eona, le boitšoaro boo e bo bonts'ang maemong a macroscopic le a microscopic. Ka ho hlahloba lintlha tsena ka botlalo, re ka hlakisa mofuta oa polymer ea cellulose.

Lintho tsa motheo tsa Polymer Chemistry:
Saense ea polymer ke lekala la k'hemistri e sebetsanang le thuto ea li-macromolecules, e leng limolek'hule tse kholo tse entsoeng ka likarolo tse pheta-phetoang tsa sebopeho tse tsejoang e le li-monomers. Ts'ebetso ea polymerization e kenyelletsa ho tlamahanngoa ha li-monomers tsena ka li-bond tsa covalent, ho etsa liketane tse telele kapa marang-rang.

Sebopeho sa Cellulose Molek'hule:
Cellulose haholo-holo e entsoe ka liathomo tsa carbon, hydrogen, le oxygen, tse hlophisitsoeng ka mokhoa o tšoanang le ketane. Mohaho oa eona oa mantlha, molek'hule ea tsoekere, e sebetsa e le karolo ea monomeric bakeng sa polymerization ea cellulose. Yuniti e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea tsoekere ka har'a ketane ea selulose e hokahane le e latelang ka β(1→4) lihokelo tsa glycosidic, moo lihlopha tsa hydroxyl (-OH) tse holim'a carbon-1 le carbon-4 tsa likaroloana tsa glucose tse haufi li kopanang le maikutlo a condensation ho theha khokahanyo.

Mofuta oa Polymeric oa Cellulose:

Li-Units tse Iphetang: Lihokelo tsa β(1→4) glycosidic ho selulose li fella ka ho pheta-pheta ha li-unit tsa tsoekere ho latela ketane ea polymer. Phetako ena ea likarolo tsa sebopeho ke tšobotsi ea mantlha ea li-polymers.
Boima bo Phahameng ba Molek'hule: Limolek'hule tsa cellulose li na le likete ho isa ho limilione tsa li-glucose, tse lebisang ho boima bo phahameng ba limolek'hule bo tloaelehileng ba lintho tsa polymer.
Sebopeho sa Chain e telele: Tokiso e lekanang ea likarolo tsa tsoekere ka har'a liketane tsa cellulose e etsa liketane tse atolositsoeng tsa limolek'hule, ho tšoana le sebopeho se ts'oanang le ketane e bonoang ho lipolima.
Litšebelisano tsa Intermolecular: Limolek'hule tsa cellulose li bonts'a tlamahano ea intermolecular hydrogen pakeng tsa liketane tse haufi, ho thusa ho thehoa ha microfibrils le macroscopic, tse kang li-cellulose fibers.
Thepa ea Mechini: Matla a mochini le ho tiea ha selulose, tse bohlokoa bakeng sa botsitso ba sebopeho sa marako a lisele tsa semela, li hlahisoa ke sebopeho sa eona sa polymer. Lintho tsena li hopotsa lisebelisoa tse ling tsa polymer.
Biodegradability: Ho sa tsotellehe matla a eona, selulose e khona ho senyeha, 'me e senyeha ha enzymatic ke li-cellulase, tse fokotsang likhokahano tsa glycosidic pakeng tsa likarolo tsa tsoekere, e qetellang e senya polima hore e be li-monomers tsa eona.

Likopo le Bohlokoa:
Sebopeho sa polymer easelulosee ts'ehetsa lits'ebetso tsa eona tse fapaneng liindastering tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa pampiri le makhasi, masela, meriana le matla a ka nchafatsoang. Lisebelisoa tse thehiloeng ho cellulose li nkoa e le tsa bohlokoa ka lebaka la bongata ba tsona, ho senyeha ha tsona, ho nchafatsoa, ​​le ho sebetsa ka mefuta-futa, e leng se etsang hore e be tsa bohlokoa sechabeng sa kajeno.

cellulose e tšoaneleha ho ba polima ka lebaka la sebopeho sa eona sa molek'hule, se nang le likarolo tse pheta-phetoang tsa tsoekere tse hokahantsoeng ke β(1 → 4) libonto tsa glycosidic, tse hlahisang liketane tse telele tse nang le boima bo phahameng ba limolek'hule. Sebopeho sa eona sa polymer se bonahala ka litšobotsi tse fapaneng, ho kenyelletsa le ho thehoa ha liketane tse atolositsoeng tsa limolek'hule, litšebelisano tsa limolek'hule, thepa ea mochini le biodegradability. Ho utloisisa cellulose joalo ka polymer ke ntho ea bohlokoa bakeng sa ho sebelisa hampe lits'ebetso tsa eona tse ngata le ho sebelisa bokhoni ba eona ho mahlale le lisebelisoa tse tšoarellang.