I-starched AB yindlela eguqulweyo yesitatshi esifumene ingqwalaselo eyohlukeneyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso ngenxa yokungaguqukiyo kunye nezinto ezizodwa. Ngelixa isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimihlatho yezakhono zayo zokuxhokonxa, ukufaneleka kwayo kwiindawo ezinenkumbulo ephezulu kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi.
1. Ukwazisa kwi-starch ether:
I-starches igxothiwe sisitatshi somthonyama, esiziiplossaccharides ezifumaneka kwizityalo. Ngokuguqula iikhemikhali, edla ngokubandakanya i-ether, starch ethed yokuphucula iipropathi zawo kwaye iwabenze balungele izicelo ezithile. Inkqubo yokuguqulwa itshintsha iipropathi ze-hydrophobic kunye ne-hydrophobic zesitatshi, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula uzinzo, ukuzolula kunye neepropathi zengqongqo.
I-2. Iipropathi ze-starch ether:
I-starchen yokhulisa inabantu abaninzi abaphambili abanomdla kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zeshishini, kubandakanya imizila. Ezi ndawo zibandakanya:
A. Isitatshi samanzi: isitatshi see sinyibilikiswa amanzi kwaye sinokufakwa ngokulula kwimisebenzi yokuthoba kwaye sikhuthaze iipropathi ezifanelekileyo.
b. Isakhono sokwenza ifilimu: Isitatshi see sinokwenza iifilimu ezincedayo ukubambelela kumphezulu kwaye zibonelela ngamandla kwizinto ezenziweyo.
C. Thickener: Isebenza njenge-thi checkener ekwenzeni okunamathela, echaphazela i-viscofity kunye nokuphucula iimpawu zesicelo.
d. Ukungahambi kakuhle: Isitatshi seenyawo sivela kwizibonelelo ezihlaziyiweyo kwaye ke zinobuhlobo bokusingqongileyo kwaye zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezigxile kuzinzo.
I-3. Ukuzibulala kwe-stanch Ether:
I-starch ethed inokusetyenziswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokumiswa, ezinje:
A. Iphepha kunye neephakethe: I-statch ether isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ephepheni kunye nokupakisha izibhengezo ngenxa yefilimu yazo kunye nepropathi yobunamathela.
b. Amadlala kwiindawo zokwakha: Ukuzenzela amanzi ngokuqina kunye nobuchule bokuthantamisa kwe-starch eler yenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa njengezixhobo zokwakha zebhondi.
C. Iinkuni zokubulala iinkuni: Kumzi-mveliso weenkuni, iitakisi ze-starch zisetyenziswa kwiinkuni ezinamachaphaza ukomeleza amandla ebhondi amandla kunye nokuzinza.
d. I-Elecheives Abeives: I-Starch Ether isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinamachaphaza amabhanti ngenxa yokwanda kweentsinga zebhondi kwaye yandise amandla ngokubanzi kwilaphu.
I-4. Ukusebenza kwimo yobushushu ephezulu:
Kwizicelo apho amaqondo obushushu aphezulu ahlangatyezwane nayo, ukusebenza kweetatshi Zininzi izinto ezichaphazela indlela yokuziphatha kwalo kule meko:
A. Uzinzo lwe-thermal: I-starch athed Vibing Viegries zonakala kwe-thermal ngokuxhomekeka kwinqanaba labo lokufaka endaweni yokufakelwa kunye nokulungiswa kwamachiza okusebenza ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenziwa.
b. Iqondo lokushisa le-getitinizolize: iqondo lokushisa le-getitini i-starch Ether yiparamitha ephambili kusetyenziswa izicelo zeqondo lobushushu kwaye iya kuchaphazeleka ubunzima bayo kunye nenqanaba lokufakwa kwemolekyuli.
C. Utshintsho lwe-viscosity: Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anokutshintsha uVeksini oqukethe ukoyikwa kweetarnarch. Ukuqonda olu tshintsho kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okungaguqukiyo.
d. Amandla eBondo: Amandla obuninzi equlathe istarchen athen banokuchaphazeleka kubushushu, ngoko ke ukuqonda okucokisekileyo kwiimfuno ezithile zesicelo ziyafuneka.
5. Isicwangciso sokuguqula sozinzo lobushushu obuphezulu:
Ukwenzela ukuphucula ukwenziwa kwetatshi kwimimandla yobushushu obuphezulu, ezi zicwangciso zilandelayo zinokwamkelwa:
A. Ukunxibelelanisa umnqamlezo: Ukunxibelelanisa i-starch ether molekyuli kunyusa uzinzo kunye nokuxhathisa kubushushu obuneqondo lobushushu.
b. Ukudibanisa ii-polymers ezinganyangekiyo: Ukudibanisa iis starchers ezinamatye obushushu obunganyangekiyo kunokubangela iindlela zokwenza uzinzo ezigcina uzinzo kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
C. Uhlengahlengiso lwekhemikhali: Ukulungiswa kwekhemikhali, njengokwazisa amaqela anokunganyangeki ngobushushu, kunokuphononongwa kukontathu iinkunkuma.
I-6. Izifundo zetyala kunye nezicelo ezisebenzayo:
Ukuhlola izifundo zeNqanaba leHlabathi kunye neziSeko eziSebenzayo zibonelela ngokuqonda okuxabisekileyo ekusebenzeni kweetarnas kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphakathi. Amashishini apho ukumelana kobushushu kubalulekile, njengokuziphatha kakuhle, i-aerospace kunye ne-elektroniki, inokunika imizekelo ebalulekileyo.
7. Ukuqwalaselwa kwendalo:
Njengoko iinkxalabo zokusingqongileyo ziya zibaluleka ngakumbi, i-biodegrasiance ye-starch ether yongeza inzuzo ebalulekileyo. Ukuvavanya ifuthe lokusingqongileyo lokwenza ukubambelela equkethe istansan kwizicelo zeqondo lobushushu ezizinzileyo zendlela ezizinzileyo.
8. Izikhombisi ezizayo kunye namathuba ophando:
Uphando oluqhubekayo kunye nophuhliso kwicandelo lendlela yokuguqula kwe-starch unokuvula amathuba amatsha kwisicelo esiphezulu kubushushu obuphakamileyo. Ukuhlola iindlela zokulungiswa kweNoves, ukuqonda iindlela ezisisiseko zokuzinza kwe-shirmal, kunye nokuchonga i-cyners kunye nezinye iipolimers zifanelekile zophando.
9. ISIQINISEKISO:
Isishwankathelo, uStaker Haschens bathembisa abagqatswa bezicelo ezinokhethekileyo, befumana uluhlu lwezinto ezinqwenelekayo. Ukusebenza kwayo kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kuxhomekeke ekuqwalaselweni ngenyameko kwezinto ezinjengokuzinza komlotha, ubushushu be-getilatizo kunye namandla ebot. Ngokuhlengahlengiswa ngobuchule kunye nokuqulunqwa kwenkqubo entsha, i-starch ethung ilungiselelwe ukujongana nemiceli mngeni ethile ebangelwa ngamaqondo obushushu aphezulu, ukuvula iindlela ezintsha zokusetyenziswa kwazo kwimizi-mveliso apho ukumelana kobushushu kubalulekile. Njengoko uphando luqhubela phambili, indima ye-starch ethes kwizicelo ezinamahlakani kunokwenzeka ukuba zandise, ngakumbi isikhundla sabo njengezithako ezinamathele ezizinzileyo kunye nezigcinayo.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: I-DEC-02-2023