I-Teluplose ehwethi zizinto eziguquguqukayo ezisetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo kubandakanya ukwakhiwa, amayeza kunye nokutya. Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-Selel Sether inzima kakhulu, ibandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi, kwaye ifuna ubungcali obuninzi kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa. Kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha ngokweenkcukacha inkqubo yokwenziwa kweeselfowuni.
Inyathelo lokuqala kwi-selsulose yemveliso yokwenza i-elselose kukulungiswa kwezinto ezingafunekiyo. Izinto ezingafunekiyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa oonina beSelecelose zihlala zivela kwi-pulp kunye neqela lenkunkuma. I-pulp yenkuni isuswe kwaye ihlolwe ukuze isuse nayiphi na inkunkuma enkulu, ngelixa inkunkuma yeCotton iqhubekile kwi-pulp elungileyo. Ipulp incitshisiwe ngokobukhulu ngokugaya ukufumana i-powder entle. I-Powded Pulp iPulp kunye ne-Cotton yeNkunkuma emva koko zidityaniswe kunye ngokuxhomekeke kwipropathi ethile yemveliso yokugqibela.
Inyathelo elilandelayo libandakanya ukuqhubekeka kwamachiza kwe-feedtock exubeneyo. Ipulp iqala ukuphathwa ngesisombululo se-alkaline (ihlala i-sodium hydroxide) yokuqhekeza ubume befibul. Isiphumo seselfowuni esikhokelela emva koko sinyangwe ngesinyitho esifana ne-carbon discung ukuvelisa i-ganthate chanthate. Olu nyango luqhutywa kwiitanki ngokubonelela ngokuqhubekayo kwepulp. Isisombululo seXulselese XANATUT sikhutshiwe kwisixhobo sokuphendulwa ukuba senze ifilanti.
Emva koko, i-seluplose chanthate Filament yayiyi-stun kwibhafu ene-diluturic acid. Oku kukhokelela ekuphinda-phambilisweni kwe-selsulose chanhate chains, ukwenziwa kweentsinga zeselselose. Iintsinga ezisandul 'ukwenziwa kweselfowuni ziya kuhlanjwa ngamanzi ukuze zisuse nayiphi na impatho ngaphambi kokuba iveliswe. Inkqubo yokugqobhoza isebenzisa i-hydrogen peroxide iba mhlophe ngeentsinga zeselselose, ezihlanjwa ngamanzi kwaye zishiywe ukuba zome.
Emva kokuba iintsinga zeselsese zime, ziya kufikelela kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-ether. Inkqubo yokwaphula i-imeyile ibandakanya ukungeniswa kwamaqela e-ether, njenge methyl, i-ethyl okanye amaqela e-hydroxyyl, kwiintsinga zeselfowuni. Indlela yenziwa kusetyenziswa i-arhente ye-elekrele kunye ne-acid catalyst phambi kwesinyibilikisi. Ukuphendula kudla ngokuqhutywa phantsi kwemeko elawulwa ngononophelo yeqondo lobushushu kunye noxinzelelo ukuqinisekisa imveliso ephezulu kunye nokucoceka.
Ngeli xesha, i-Etherise Ether yayikwimo yomgubo omhlophe. Imveliso egqityiweyo ke iphantsi koluhlu lweemvavanyo zolawulo olusemgangathweni ukuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso ifezekisa ukhetho olukhethiweyo kunye neenkcazo, ezinje ngoVeksinity, ukucoceka kwemveliso. Ifakwe emva koko ithunyelwe kumsebenzisi wokugqibela.
Ukuphatha, inkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-Selelose Ether iquka ukulungiselela izinto ezibonakalayo, unyango lweekhemikhali, ukujikeleza, ukugqobhoza kunye nesimo, kulandelwe luvavanyo lolawulo lolawulo lomgangatho. Yonke inkqubo ifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nolwazi lokuphendula kwekhemikhali kwaye zenziwa phantsi kwemeko elawulwa ngokungqongqo. Ukuvelisa i-Selesese eths yinkqubo entsonkothileyo nenexesha, kodwa ibalulekile kumashishini amaninzi.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: Jun-21 ukuya kwi-2023