Ithini indima yogcino lwamanzi oluxutywe kwizinto zomgubo wegypsum?
Impendulo: i-gypsum yokutyabeka, i-gypsum edibeneyo, i-caulking gypsum, i-gypsum putty kunye nezinye izinto zokwakha zomgubo zisetyenziswa. Ukuze kuququzelelwe ukwakhiwa, i-gypsum retarders yongezwa ngexesha lokuvelisa ukwandisa ixesha lokwakhiwa kwe-gypsum slurry. I-retarder yongezwa ukuze inqanda inkqubo ye-hydration ye-hemihydrate gypsum. Olu hlobo lwe-gypsum slurry kufuneka lugcinwe eludongeni ngeeyure ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2 ngaphambi kokuba lujiyane, kwaye uninzi lweendonga zineempawu zokufunxa amanzi, ngakumbi iindonga zezitena, kunye neendonga ze-Air-concrete, iibhodi zokugquma iiplanga kunye nezinye izinto ezinobunzima obutsha eludongeni, ngoko ke i-gypsum slurry kufuneka igcinwe ngamanzi ukuze kuthintelwe inxalenye yamanzi xa udlulisa amanzi ukusuka eludongeni ukuya eludongeni. I-gypsum slurry iyaqina kwaye ingonelanga amanzi. Ngokupheleleyo, kubangela ukuhlukana kunye ne-shelling yokudibanisa phakathi kwe-plaster kunye nodonga oluphezulu. Ukongezwa kwe-arhente yokugcina amanzi kukugcina umswakama oqulethwe kwi-gypsum slurry, ukuqinisekisa ukuphendulwa kwe-hydration ye-gypsum slurry kwi-interface, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe amandla okubambisana. Ii-agents ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zokugcina amanzi zi-cellulose ethers, ezifana: i-methyl cellulose (MC), i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), i-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC), njl. Ukongeza, i-polyvinyl alcohol, i-alginate ye-sodium, isitashi esilungisiweyo, umhlaba we-diatomaceous, umgubo onqabileyo womhlaba, njl njl.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni lwe-ejenti yokugcina amanzi inokulibazisa izinga le-hydration ye-gypsum ukuya kumaqondo ahlukeneyo, xa inani le-retarder lihlala lingatshintshi, i-agent egcina amanzi inokubuyisela ngokubanzi ukuseta imizuzu eyi-15-30. Ngoko ke, umthamo we-retarder unokuncitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo.
Yiyiphi idosi efanelekileyo ye-arhente yokugcina amanzi kwi-gypsum powder material?
Impendulo: Iiarhente zokugcina amanzi zihlala zisetyenziswa kwimathiriyeli yomgubo wolwakhiwo efana negypsum yokutyabeka, igypsum ebonding, i-caulking gypsum, kunye negypsum putty. Ngenxa yokuba olu hlobo lwe-gypsum luxutywe kunye ne-retarder, oluthintela inkqubo ye-hydration ye-hemihydrate gypsum, kuyimfuneko Ukuqhuba unyango lokugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-slurry ye-gypsum ukukhusela inxalenye yamanzi kwi-slurry ekudluliseleni eludongeni, okubangela ukunqongophala kwamanzi kunye ne-hydration engaphelelanga xa i-gypsum ilukhuni. Ukongezwa kwe-arhente yokugcina amanzi kukugcina umswakama oqulethwe kwi-gypsum slurry, ukuqinisekisa ukuphendulwa kwe-hydration ye-gypsum slurry kwi-interface, ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe amandla okubambisana.
Idosi yayo ngokubanzi yi-0.1% ukuya kwi-0.2% (i-accounting ye-gypsum), xa i-gypsum slurry isetyenziswa kwiindonga ngokufunxwa kwamanzi anamandla (afana nekhonkrithi ene-aerated, iibhodi zokugquma i-perlite, iibhloko zegypsum, iindonga zezitena, njl. i-arhente kufuneka ibe nkulu (ngokubanzi i-0.2% ukuya kwi-0.5%).
Ii-agent zokugcina amanzi ezifana ne-methyl cellulose (MC) kunye ne-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) zi-soluble ezibandayo, kodwa ziya kwenza amaqhuma kwinqanaba lokuqala xa zichithwa ngokuthe ngqo emanzini. I-arhente yokugcina amanzi kufuneka ixutywe kwangaphambili kunye ne-gypsum powder ukuze isasazeke. Lungisa ube ngumgubo owomileyo; yongeza amanzi kwaye uvuselele, makhe ume imizuzu emi-5, uvuselele kwakhona, umphumo ungcono. Nangona kunjalo, okwangoku kukho iimveliso ze-cellulose ether ezinokuchithwa ngokuthe ngqo emanzini, kodwa zinempembelelo encinci kwimveliso yodaka olumileyo lwepowder.
I-ejenti yokukhusela amanzi idlala njani umsebenzi ongenamanzi kwi-gypsum body hardened?
Impendulo: Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela amanzi zenza umsebenzi wazo ongenamanzi kwi-gypsum umzimba onzima ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza. Ngokwesiseko kunokushwankathelwa kwezi ndlela zine zilandelayo:
(1) Nciphisa ukunyibilika kwe-gypsum yomzimba oqinileyo, ukwandisa i-coefficient yokuthambisa, kunye nokuguqula ngokuyinxenye i-calcium sulfate dihydrate kunye nokunyibilika okuphezulu kumzimba oqinileyo kwityuwa ye-calcium ene-solubility ephantsi. Ngokomzekelo, i-saponified synthetic fatty acid equkethe i-C7-C9 yongezwa, kwaye inani elifanelekileyo le-quicklime kunye ne-ammonium borate yongezwa ngexesha elifanayo.
(2) Yenza umaleko wefilimu ongangeni manzi ukuze uthintele i-capillary pores entle kumzimba oqinileyo. Ngokomzekelo, ukudibanisa i-emulsion yeparafini, i-asphalt emulsion, i-emulsion ye-rosin kunye ne-parafini-rosin composite emulsion, ukuphuculwa kwe-asphalt composite emulsion, njl.
(3) Guqula amandla angaphezulu omzimba oqinileyo, ukwenzela ukuba iamolekyu zamanzi zikwimeko edibeneyo kwaye ayikwazi ukungena kwiindlela ze-capillary. Ngokomzekelo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokugxotha amanzi e-silicone zifakwe, kubandakanywa neoli ye-silicone e-emulsified.
(4) Ngokugquma kwangaphandle okanye ukuntywila ukwahlula amanzi ekuntywiliseleni kwimigudu ye-capillary yomzimba oqinileyo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-silicone zokukhusela amanzi zingasetyenziswa. I-silicones esekwe kwi-solvent ingcono kune-silicones esekwe emanzini, kodwa yangaphambili yenza ukuba i-gas permeability ye-gypsum lukhuni umzimba wehlile.
Nangona i-agent ehlukeneyo yokukhusela amanzi ingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukungangeni kwamanzi kwezixhobo zokwakha i-gypsum ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, i-gypsum iseyinto yokuqinisa umoya we-gelling, engafanelekanga kwiindawo ezingaphandle okanye ezihlala ixesha elide ezifumileyo, kwaye zifanelekile kuphela kwiindawo ezinokuthi zitshintshe iimeko ezimanzi nezomileyo.
Yintoni ukuguqulwa kwe-gypsum yokwakha nge-agent yokukhusela amanzi?
Impendulo: Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza i-agent ye-gypsum yokukhusela amanzi: enye kukunyusa i-coefficient yokuthambisa ngokunciphisa i-solubility, kwaye enye kukunciphisa izinga lokungena kwamanzi kwizinto ze-gypsum. Kwaye ukunciphisa ukufunxa kwamanzi kunokwenziwa kwimiba emibini. Enye kukunyusa ukuqina kwe-gypsum eqinile, oko kukuthi, ukunciphisa ukunyuswa kwamanzi kwi-gypsum ngokunciphisa i-porosity kunye nokuqhekeka kwesakhiwo, ukwenzela ukuba kuphuculwe ukuxhathisa kwamanzi kwi-gypsum. Enye kukwandisa amandla omhlaba we-gypsum lukhuni, oko kukuthi, ukunciphisa ukufunxa kwamanzi kwi-gypsum ngokwenza umphezulu wepore wenze ifilimu ye-hydrophobic.
Ama-agent okukhusela amanzi anciphisa i-porosity adlala indima ngokuthintela ama-pores amahle e-gypsum kunye nokwandisa ukunyanzeliswa komzimba we-gypsum. Kukho imixube emininzi yokunciphisa i-porosity, njengale: i-emulsion yeparafini, i-asphalt emulsion, i-rosin emulsion kunye ne-parafini asphalt composite emulsion. Ezi zixhobo zokukhusela amanzi zisebenza kakuhle ekunciphiseni i-porosity ye-gypsum phantsi kweendlela ezifanelekileyo zokucwangcisa, kodwa ngelo xesha, nazo zinemiphumo emibi kwiimveliso ze-gypsum.
Eyona nto iqhelekileyo yokugxotha amanzi etshintsha amandla angaphezulu yi-silicone. Iyakwazi ukungena kwi-port ye-pore nganye, itshintshe amandla angaphezulu ngaphakathi kwinqanaba elithile lobude, kwaye ngaloo ndlela iguqule i-angle yokuqhagamshelana namanzi, yenza iamolekyu zamanzi zidibanise ukuze zenze amaconsi, zithintele ukungena kwamanzi, zifezekise injongo yokungangeni kwamanzi, kwaye kwangaxeshanye ugcine ukunyanzeliswa koMoya kwi-plaster. Iindidi zolu hlobo lwe-agent yokukhusela amanzi ngokukodwa zibandakanya: i-sodium methyl siliconate, i-silicone resin, ioli ye-silicone emulsified, njl. Kakade ke, le arhente yokukhusela amanzi ifuna ukuba ububanzi be-pores bungabi bukhulu kakhulu, kwaye kwangaxeshanye ayikwazi ukuxhathisa ukungena kwamanzi oxinzelelo, kwaye ayikwazi ngokusisiseko ukusombulula iingxaki ze-gypsum zexesha elide ezingenamanzi kunye nobungqina bomswakama.
Abaphandi basekhaya basebenzisa indlela yokudibanisa izinto eziphilayo kunye nezinto eziphilayo, oko kukuthi, ngokusekelwe kwi-emulsion ye-organic emulsion yokukhusela amanzi efunyenwe yi-co-emulsification ye-polyvinyl alcohol kunye ne-stearic acid, kunye nokongeza ilitye le-alum, i-naphthalenesulfonate aldehyde condensate Uhlobo olutsha lwe-gypsum composite i-agent yokukhusela amanzi i-agent ye-saltproofing agent yenziwe nge-saltproofing agent. I-agent ye-gypsum composite yokukhusela amanzi ingaxutywa ngokuthe ngqo kunye ne-gypsum kunye namanzi, ithathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo ye-crystallization ye-gypsum, kwaye ifumane umphumo ongcono wokukhusela amanzi.
Yintoni umphumo wokuthintela we-silane yokukhusela amanzi kwi-efflorescence kwi-gypsum mortar?
Impendulo: (1) Ukongezwa kwe-agent ye-silane yokukhusela amanzi kunokunciphisa kakhulu iqondo le-efflorescence ye-gypsum mortar, kunye neqondo lokunqanda i-efflorescence inhibition ye-gypsum mortar inyuka ngokunyuka kwe-silane yokudibanisa phakathi koluhlu oluthile. Impembelelo yokuthintela i-silane kwi-0.4% ye-silane ifanelekile, kwaye umphumo wayo wokuthintela udla ngokuzinza xa isixa sidlula le mali.
(2) Ukongezwa kwe-silane akugcini nje ukwenza i-hydrophobic layer phezu komhlaba wodaka ukukhusela ukungena kwamanzi angaphandle, kodwa kunciphisa ukufuduka kwe-lye yangaphakathi ukuze yenze i-efflorescence, ephucula kakhulu isiphumo sokuthintela i-efflorescence.
(3) Ngelixa ukongezwa kwe-silane kuthintela ngokubonakalayo i-efflorescence, ayinayo impembelelo engalunganga kwiimpawu zoomatshini zemveliso ye-gypsum mortar, kwaye ayichaphazeli ukwakheka kolwakhiwo lwangaphakathi kunye nomthamo wokugqibela wokuthwala wemveliso ye-gypsum dry-mix yokwakha izixhobo .
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-22-2022