I-Carboxymethyl Selelose (CMC) yindawo ebaluleke kakhulu ye-polymer ye-pullymer esetyenziswa kakhulu kukutya, amayeza, iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla, amanye amasimi. Kwishishini lokutya, enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ze-CMC injenge-thicker. Izitulo zeklasi yeklasi yongezwa onyusa i-viscosity yolwelo ngaphandle kokutshintsha ezinye iipropati zolwelo.
I-1. UKWENZIWA KOMGAQO-NKQUBO WOKUGQIBELA WOKUGQIBELA WOKUXELISA
I-carboxeymethylcelcelcelcelose yeyokhefu yeselsulose ngokutshintsha inxenye yamaqela e-hydroxyl (-) ye-sellyulose ene-carboxethyl amaqela (-C2cooh). Iyunithi yayo esisiseko yesakhiwo yikhonkco eliphindaphindayo le-β-D-glucose. Ukuqaliswa kwe-carboxymethyl amaqela anika i-cmc hydrophiciciaicility, ayinike amandla afanelekileyo kunye nobuchule bokuthambisa emanzini. Umgaqo-nkqubo oqaqambileyo ikakhulu usekwe kula manqaku alandelayo:
Isiphumo sokudumba: I-CMC iya kudumba emva kweemolekyuli zamanzi emanzini, ukwenzela indawo yenethiwekhi, ukuze iimolekyuli zamanzi zibanjwa kwisimo sayo, ukonyusa uVekyuli weNkqubo.
Amaqela amabinzaka: Amaqela ebhokisi ye-carboxyl kwi-CMC aya kuba yi-ionsed equkene emanzini ukuvelisa iindleko ezimbi. La maqela ahlawuliswayo aya kwenza ukurhoxiswa kwe-elektrostatic emanzini, ebangela imixokelelwane yemolekyuli ukuba ityhilwe kwaye yenze isisombululo kunye ne-viscofity ephezulu.
Ubude be-chain kunye noxinzelelo: Ubude bobude kunye nesisombululo sombuso seemolekyuli ze-CMC ziya kuchaphazela isiphumo sayo. Ngokubanzi, ukuphakamisa ubunzima bemolekyuli, kokukhona uVeksisity wesisombululo; Kwangelo xesha, ukuphakanyiswa kwesisombululo, uVenkile wenkqubo uyanda.
Ukunxibelelanisa i-molekyuli: Xa i-CMC inyibilikisiwe emanzini, ngenxa yokudibanisa umnqamlezo phakathi kweemolekyuli, imolekyuli zamanzi zithintelwe kwiindawo ezithile, zibonisa i Isiphumo sokuqaqamba.
2. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-carboxymethyl seluplose kwishishini lokutya
Kwishishini lokutya, i-carboxymethylcelcelcelcelcelose isetyenziswe ngokubanzi njenge-thi checker. Oku kulandelayo zezi meko ziqhelekileyo zesicelo:
Iziselo kunye neemveliso zobisi: kwiijusi zeziqhamo kunye neziselo ze-lactobacils, i-CMC inokunyusa i-viscofity yesiselo, siphucule incasa kwaye sandisa ubomi beshelup. Ingakumbi kwiimveliso ezinamafutha asezantsi kunye nezityebi ezinamafutha, i-CMC inokuthatha indawo yamanqatha wobisi kunye nokuphucula ukuthungwa kunye nokuzinza kwemveliso.
Iisosi kunye neendlela zokunxiba, i-salad sauce kunye nesosi yesosi, i-CMC isebenza njenge-tickener kunye nokumisa iarhente yokuphucula ukufana kwemveliso, ukunqanda ukulibaziseka, kwaye wenze imveliso izinzile ngakumbi.
I-ice cream kunye neziselo ezibandayo: ukongeza i-CMC kwi-ice cream kunye neziselo ezibandayo kunokuphucula ubume bemveliso, esenza i-biestic kunye ne-elastic ye-elastical ye-ice kunye nokuphucula incasa.
Isonka kunye neemveliso ezibhakiweyo: kwiimveliso ezibhakiweyo ezinjengesonka kunye neekeyiki, i-CMC isetyenziswa njengenhlama yokwandisa ukwanda kwenhlama, yenza isonka sisongele ubomi beshelup.
3. Ezinye iinkqubo zokuthathwa kwe-carboxymethyl seluplose
Ukongeza kokutya, i-carboxymethylcelcelcelose ihlala isetyenziswa njenge-thi checker kwi-chickeeuticals, i-cosmetics, iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla kunye namanye amashishini. Umzekelo:
Ishishini lamachiza: Kumayeza, i-CMC ihlala isetyenziselwa isiraphu, i-capsules, kunye namacwecwe, ukuze amayeza abuyekeze ngcono kwaye aphucule uzinzo lwamayeza.
I-cosmetics kunye neekhemikhali zemihla ngemihla: Kwimichiza yemihla ngemihla efana ne-toothpaste, i-shampoo, ijeli yokuhlamba, njl., I-CMC.
4. Ukhuseleko lwe-carboxymethyl seluplose
Ukhuseleko lwebhokisi ye-carboxymethylcelcelcelcelose iqinisekisiwe kwizifundo ezininzi. Kuba i-CMC isuselwa kwiseli yendalo kwaye ayithanjiswa kwaye ingeniswe emzimbeni, ihlala ingenampembelelontle kwimpilo yabantu. Zombini i-World Health Organisation (WHO) kunye neKomiti yeNgcali yokuHlanganisa kwiizongezo zokutya (i-jecfa) zichaza njengesongezelelo esikhuselekileyo. Kwidosi efanelekileyo, i-CMC ayivelisi ukuphendula kwetyhefu kwaye ineendlela ezithile kunye neziphumo eziqinisekileyo kumathumbu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuthathwa okugqithisileyo kunokubangela ukungakhethi buso, ke imigangatho emiselweyo yedosi kufuneka ilandelwe ngokungqongqo kwimveliso yokutya.
I-5. Izibonelelo kunye nokungalunganga kwe-carboxymethylcelose
I-CarboxymethylcelcelceLise ineengenelo zayo kunye nokusikelwa umda njenge-thickerer:
Izibonelelo: I-CMC inee-solinoity ezilungileyo, uzinzo lwe-thermc kunye nokuzinza kwamachiza, i-acid kunye ne-alkali enganyangekiyo, kwaye ayiyonakaliswa ngokulula. Oku kuyivumela ukuba isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa.
Izinto ezingalunganga: I-CMC inokuba i-vikous kakhulu kugxininiso oluphezulu kwaye ayilungelanga zonke iimveliso. I-CMC iya kuphembelela kwindawo ye-acidic, ikhokelela ekunciphiseni kwesiphumo sayo sokuqaqamba. Isilumkiso siyadingeka xa siyisebenzisa kwiziselo ze-acidic okanye ukutya.
Njenge-thickener ebalulekileyo, i-carboxymethylcelcelcelcelcealcelose isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kukutya, amayeza, amayeza, cosmetics kunye namanye amasimi ngenxa yomoya ofanelekileyo, ukuqina kunye nokuzinza. Isiphumo sayo esiphezulu sokuqaqamba kunye nokhuseleko senza isongezelelo esisetyenziswayo kwishishini lanamhlanje. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-CMC kuya kufuneka kulawulwa ngokwesayensi ngokweemfuno ezithile kunye nemilinganiselo yemithi yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwentsebenzo kunye nokhuseleko lokutya.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UNv-04 ukuya ku-024