Inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokusebenza kwe-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)

I. Intshayelelo

I-Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC) i-polymer engekho i-ionic yamanzi e-soluble esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-oyile yokukhutshwa, iingubo, ukwakhiwa, iikhemikhali zemihla ngemihla, ukwenza iphepha kunye nezinye iindawo. I-HEC ifunyenwe ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali ze-cellulose, kwaye iipropati kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo kugxininiswa ikakhulu ngabaxhasi be-hydroxyethyl kwii-molecule ze-cellulose.

II. Inkqubo yokuvelisa

Inkqubo yokuvelisa i-HEC ikakhulu ibandakanya la manyathelo alandelayo: i-cellulose etherification, ukuhlamba, ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, ukomisa nokugaya. Oku kulandelayo yintshayelelo eneenkcukacha kwinyathelo ngalinye:

I-cellulose etherification

I-Cellulose iphathwa okokuqala nge-alkali ukwenza i-alkali cellulose (i-Cellulose Alkali). Le nkqubo idla ngokuqhutyelwa kwi-reactor, isebenzisa isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide ukunyanga i-cellulose yendalo ukwenza i-alkali cellulose. Ukusabela kweekhemikhali ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Iseli-OH+NaOH→Iseli-O-Na+H2OCell-OH+NaOH→Iseli-O-Na+H 2O

Emva koko, i-alkali cellulose isabela kunye ne-ethylene oxide ukwenza i-hydroxyethyl cellulose. Ukusabela kuqhutywa phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu, ngokuqhelekileyo i-30-100 ° C, kwaye impendulo ethile yile ilandelayo:

Iseli-O-Na+CH2CH2O→Iseli-O-CH2CH2OHCell-O-Na+CH 2CH 2O→Iseli-O-CH 2CH 2OH

Le mpendulo ifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lobushushu, uxinzelelo kunye nomthamo we-ethylene oxide eyongeziweyo ukuqinisekisa ukufana kunye nomgangatho wemveliso.

Ukuhlamba

I-HEC ekrwada enesiphumo ngokuqhelekileyo iqulethe i-alkali engaphendulwanga, i-ethylene oxide kunye nezinye izinto eziphumayo, ezifuna ukususwa ngokuhlamba kwamanzi amaninzi okanye ukuhlanjwa kwe-solvent organic. Umthamo omkhulu wamanzi ofunekayo ngexesha lokuhlamba amanzi, kwaye amanzi amdaka emva kokuhlamba kufuneka aphathwe kwaye akhululwe.

Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni

I-HEC emanzi emva kokuhlamba idinga ukuchithwa kwamanzi, ngokuqhelekileyo nge-vacuum filtration okanye ukuhlukana kwe-centrifugal ukunciphisa umthamo womswakama.

Ukomisa

I-HEC ephelelwe ngamanzi iyomiswa, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokumisa isitshizi okanye ukomisa i-flash. Ubushushu kunye nexesha kufuneka zilawulwe ngokungqongqo ngexesha lenkqubo yokomisa ukunqanda ukuthotywa kobushushu obuphezulu okanye ukuhlangana.

Ukusila

Ibhloko ye-HEC eyomileyo kufuneka ihlanjwe kwaye ihlulwe ukuze ifezekise ukuhanjiswa kwesayizi ye-particle efanayo, kwaye ekugqibeleni yenze i-powder okanye i-granular product.

III. Iimpawu zokusebenza

Ukunyibilika kwamanzi

I-HEC ine-solubility efanelekileyo yamanzi kwaye inokunyibilika ngokukhawuleza emanzini abandayo kunye nashushu ukwenza isisombululo esicacileyo okanye esiguquguqukayo. Le propati ye-solubility yenza ukuba isetyenziswe ngokubanzi njenge-thickener kunye ne-stabilizer kwiingubo kunye neemveliso zemichiza yemihla ngemihla.

Ukutyeba

I-HEC ibonisa umphumo oqinileyo wokuqina kwisisombululo samanzi, kwaye i-viscosity yayo iyanda ngokunyuka kobunzima be-molecular. Lo mhlaba ujiya uwenza ukuba adlale indima ekujikeni, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kolwakhiwo kwiingubo ezisekelwe emanzini kunye nodaka lokwakha.

I-Rheology

Isisombululo samanzi se-HEC sineempawu ezikhethekileyo ze-rheological, kwaye i-viscosity yayo iyatshintsha ngokutshintsha kwesantya sokucheba, ebonisa ukuchetywa kwe-shear okanye i-pseudoplasticity. Le propathi ye-rheological yenza ukuba ilungelelanise ulwelo kunye nokusebenza kolwakhiwo kwiingubo kunye nolwelo lwe-oilfield drilling.

Emulsification kunye nokunqunyanyiswa

I-HEC ineempawu ezintle ze-emulsification kunye nokumiswa, ezinokuzinzisa iinqununu ezimisiweyo okanye amaconsi kwinkqubo yokusabalalisa ukukhusela i-stratification kunye ne-sedimentation. Ngoko ke, i-HEC isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiimveliso ezifana neengubo ze-emulsion kunye nokumiswa kweziyobisi.

I-Biodegradability

I-HEC yimveliso ye-cellulose yendalo ephuma kwi-biodegradability elungileyo, akukho ngcoliseko lokusingqongileyo, kwaye ihlangabezana neemfuno zokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo.

IV. Iinkalo zeSicelo

Iingubo

Kwiingubo ezisekelwe kumanzi, i-HEC isetyenziswe njenge-thickener kunye ne-stabilizer ukuphucula i-fluidity, ukusebenza kolwakhiwo kunye neempawu ezichasene ne-anti-sagging of coatings.

Ukwakhiwa

Kwizinto zokwakha, i-HEC isetyenziselwa udaka olusekelwe kwi-samente kunye ne-putty powder ukuphucula ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi.

Imichiza yemihla ngemihla

Kwi-detergents, i-shampoos, kunye ne-toothpastes, i-HEC isetyenziswe njenge-thickener kunye ne-stabilizer ukuphucula ukuvakalelwa kunye nokuzinza kwemveliso. 

Iindawo zeoli

Kwi-oilfield drilling kunye ne-fracturing fluids, i-HEC isetyenziselwa ukulungelelanisa i-rheology kunye neempawu zokunqunyanyiswa kwe-drilling fluids kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko.

Ukwenza amaphepha

Kwinkqubo yokwenza iphepha, i-HEC isetyenziselwa ukulawula i-pulp fluidity kunye nokuphucula ukufana kunye neempawu eziphezulu zephepha.

I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso ngenxa yokunyibilika kwayo okugqwesileyo kwamanzi, ukutyeba, iipropathi zerheological, iipropathi ze-emulsification kunye nokunqunyanyiswa, kunye nokubola kakuhle kwe-biodegradability. Inkqubo yokuveliswa kwayo sele ikhulile. Ngamanyathelo e-cellulose etherification, ukuhlamba, ukuchithwa kwamanzi, ukomisa kunye nokugaya, iimveliso ze-HEC ezinomsebenzi ozinzile kunye nomgangatho omhle unokulungiswa. Kwixesha elizayo, ngokuphuculwa kweemfuno zokusingqongileyo kunye nokuqhubela phambili kobuchwepheshe, amathuba okusetyenziswa kwe-HEC aya kuba abanzi.