I-CMC (i-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose) yikhompawundi ebalulekileyo yepolymer enyibilikayo emanzini edlala iindidi ngeendidi zeendima eziphambili ekugrunjweni kolwandle olunzulu, ngakumbi ekulungiseleleni nasekuphuculeni ukusebenza kolwelo lokomba. Ukwemba ubunzulu elwandle ngumsebenzi oneemfuno zobugcisa eziphezulu kakhulu kunye neemeko ezirhabaxa zokusingqongileyo. Ngophuhliso lwemithombo ye-oyile kunye negesi ye-offshore, isikali kunye nobunzulu bokwemba elwandle buyanda ngokuthe ngcembe. Njengesongezo sekhemikhali esisebenzayo, i-CMC inokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, ukhuseleko kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo kwenkqubo yokomba.
1. Indima ephambili kulwelo lokomba
Ngexesha lokomba olunzulu elwandle, ulwelo lokomba ludlala imisebenzi ebalulekileyo enjengokuxhasa udonga lomthombo, ukupholisa intwana yokomba, ukususa iitshiphusi, kunye nokugcina uxinzelelo lwehole. I-CMC yi-viscosity regulator esebenzayo, i-rheological agent kunye ne-thickener, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekulungiseleleni ulwelo lokomba. Imisebenzi yayo ephambili ibonakala kule miba ilandelayo:
1.1 Ukuqina kunye nokulungelelanisa i-viscosity
Kwi-deep-sea-drilling, ngenxa yokwanda kobunzulu bamanzi kunye noxinzelelo, ulwelo lokubhoboza kufuneka lube ne-viscosity ethile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubumanzi kunye nomthamo wokuthwala. I-CMC inokutyebisa ngokufanelekileyo ulwelo lokomba kwaye incede ukugcina uzinzo lolwelo lokomba kubunzulu obahlukeneyo kunye noxinzelelo. Ngokulungelelanisa i-concentration ye-CMC, i-viscosity ye-drilling fluid inokuphuculwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwelo lokomba luneempawu zokuqukuqela ezifanelekileyo, ukuze lukwazi ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kwiimeko ezintsonkothileyo zolwandle kunye nokuthintela iingxaki ezifana nokuwa kwe-wellbore.
1.2 Ukuphucula iimpawu zerheological
Iipropathi zerheological zokugrumba ulwelo zibalulekile ekugrumbeni nzulu kolwandle. I-CMC inokuphucula ubumanzi bolwelo lokugrumba, ilwenze ukuba luhambe kakuhle ngaphantsi komhlaba, lunciphise ukukhuhlana phakathi kwe-drill bit kunye nodonga lomthombo, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokunxitywa koomatshini ngexesha lokomba, kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezixhobo zokomba. Ukongeza, iipropati ezintle ze-rheological zinokuqinisekisa ukuba i-drilling fluid inokuthwala ngokufanelekileyo ukusika kwaye ithintele ukuqokelelwa kwamasuntswana aqinileyo kwi-drilling fluid, ngaloo ndlela iphephe iingxaki ezifana nokuvala.
2. Ukuzinza kwe-Wellbore kunye nokuvinjelwa kokwakheka kwe-hydrate
Kwinkqubo yokomba enzulu elwandle, uzinzo lwequla ngumba ophambili. Iindawo ezinzulu zolwandle zihlala zijongana neemeko ezintsonkothileyo zejoloji, ezinjengoxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu, kunye nokubekwa kwentlenga, okunokukhokelela ekuweni kwequla okanye ekulahlekeni kolwelo. I-CMC inceda ukuqinisa uzinzo lwe-wellbore wall kunye nokuthintela ukuwa kwe-wellbore ngokuphucula i-viscosity kunye neempawu ze-rheological zolwelo lokomba.
Kwi-deep-sea drilling, ukubunjwa kwama-hydrates (afana ne-hydrates yegesi yendalo) nayo ngumcimbi ongenakuhoywa. Ngaphantsi kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kunye neemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, i-hydrates yegesi yendalo yenziwa lula ngexesha lokugaya kwaye ibangele ukuvala umbane wokugaya. Njenge-agent esebenzayo ye-hydration, i-CMC inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukubunjwa kwe-hydrates, igcine ubumanzi be-drilling fluid, kunye nokuqinisekisa inkqubela phambili egudileyo yokusebenza kokomba.
3. Ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo
Ngeemfuno ezingqongqo zokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, impembelelo kokusingqongileyo ngexesha lokomba enzulu elwandle ifumene ingqalelo engakumbi nangakumbi. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-CMC kwi-drilling enzulu yolwandle kunokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezinobungozi kulwelo lokomba. Njengemathiriyeli yendalo, i-CMC ine-biodegradability elungileyo kunye nobuhlobo bendalo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo kunokunciphisa ubutyhefu bolwelo lokomba kunye nokunciphisa ungcoliseko kwi-ikhosistim yolwandle.
Ukongeza, i-CMC inokuphucula izinga lokurisayikilishwa kolwelo lokomba. Ngokulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza kwe-drilling fluid, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kwe-drilling fluid, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba i-drilling fluid ingaphinda isetyenziswe ngokuphindaphindiweyo, umthwalo kwindawo yolwandle ngexesha lokugaya uyancipha. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lokomba enzulu elwandle.
4. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokomba kunye nokhuseleko
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-CMC akuphuculi nje kuphela ukusebenza kolwelo lokugrumba enzulu-elwandle, kodwa kukwaphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokomba kunye nokhuseleko lomsebenzi ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Okokuqala, i-CMC inokwenza ulwelo lokugrumba lulunge ngakumbi kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zejoloji, ukunciphisa isenzeko sombhobho obambekayo kunye nokuvaleka ngexesha lokomba, kunye nokuqinisekisa inkqubela phambili egudileyo yokusebenza kokomba. Okwesibini, ukusebenza kolwelo oluzinzileyo lokomba kunokuphucula ukuchaneka kokugrumba kwaye kuthintele ukusilela kokubhola okubangelwa ludonga olungazinzanga lwequla okanye ezinye izinto. Ukongeza, i-CMC inokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo umngcipheko wokuguquguquka koxinzelelo lwe-downhole, ukunciphisa iimeko ezinobungozi ezifana nokuvuthela kunye nokutshiza ngodaka okunokuthi kwenzeke ngexesha lokomba, kwaye uqinisekise ukhuseleko lwemisebenzi.
5. Ukusebenza kweendleko kunye noqoqosho
Nangona ukusetyenziswa kweCMCziya kwandisa iindleko ezithile, ezi ndleko ziyakwazi ukulawulwa xa kuthelekiswa nokuphuculwa kokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuqinisekiswa kokhuseleko okuzisayo. I-CMC inokuphucula uzinzo lokugrumba ulwelo kunye nokunciphisa imfuno yezinye izongezo zemichiza, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa ixabiso elipheleleyo lolwelo lokomba. Kwangaxeshanye, ukusetyenziswa kwe-CMC kunokunciphisa ilahleko yezixhobo kunye neendleko zokuyigcina, kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yokomba, kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuzise inzuzo ephezulu kwezoqoqosho.
Njengesongezo sekhemikhali esisebenza kakhulu, i-CMC idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugrumbeni nzulu elwandle. Ayinakuphucula kuphela ukusebenza kwe-drilling fluid kunye nokuphucula ukuzinza kwe-wellbore, kodwa ikwanqanda ngokufanelekileyo ukubunjwa kwe-hydrates, ukunciphisa ukungcoliseka kwendalo, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo lwetekhnoloji yokugrumba enzulu-elwandle kunye nokuphuculwa okuqhubekayo kweemfuno zokusingqongileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-CMC kuya kuba banzi kwaye ibe yenye yezinto eziyimfuneko ekugrunjweni kolwandle olunzulu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-21-2024