Ukuqina kwesiphumo se-cellulose ether

I-cellulose ethersliqela leepolima eziguquguqukayo ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo ngenxa yeempawu zazo zokujiya. Ukuqala ngentshayelelo ye-cellulose ethers kunye neempawu zazo zesakhiwo, eli phepha lijonga kwiindlela ezisemva kwesiphumo sabo sokuqina, licacisa ukuba intsebenziswano kunye neemolekyuli zamanzi zikhokelela njani ekuphuculweni kwe-viscosity. Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-cellulose ethers kuxoxiwe ngazo, kubandakanywa i-methyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-hydroxypropyl cellulose, kunye ne-carboxymethyl cellulose, nganye ineempawu ezizodwa zokutyeba. ukusetyenziswa kwe-cellulose ethers kumashishini afana nokwakhiwa, amayeza, ukutya, izimonyo, kunye nokunyamekela komntu, ukugqamisa indima yabo eyimfuneko ekuqulunqweni kwemveliso kunye neenkqubo zokuvelisa. Okokugqibela, ukubaluleka kwee-ether ze-cellulose kwimisebenzi yanamhlanje kugxininiswa, kunye nethemba lekamva kunye nokuqhubela phambili okunokwenzeka kubuchwepheshe be-cellulose ether.

I-cellulose ethers imele iklasi yeepolymers ezivela kwi-cellulose, i-biopolymer ekhoyo yonke indawo efumaneka kakhulu kwiindonga zeeseli zesityalo. Ngeempawu ezizodwa ze-physicochemical, i-cellulose ethers isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumashishini ahlukeneyo, ngokukodwa ngenxa yesiphumo sabo sokuqina. Isakhono se-cellulose ethers ukunyusa i-viscosity kunye nokuphucula iimpawu ze-rheological kubenza babaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezininzi ukusuka kwizinto zokwakha ukuya kwimixube yamayeza.

1.Iipropati zoLwakhiwo zeCellulose Ethers

Phambi kokuphonononga kwisiphumo sokutyeba se-cellulose ethers, kubalulekile ukuqonda iimpawu zabo zesakhiwo. I-cellulose ethers idityaniswa ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali zeselulosi, ikakhulu ezibandakanya ukusabela kwe-etherification. Amaqela e-hydroxyl (-OH) akhoyo kwi-cellulose backbone angena kwiimpendulo zokutshintshwa kunye namaqela e-ether (-OR), apho i-R imele abathathi-nxaxheba abahlukeneyo. Oku kutshintshwa kukhokelela ekuguquleni kwisakhiwo se-molecular kunye neempawu zeselulosi, ukubonelela ngeempawu ezahlukileyo kwii-cellulose ethers.

Utshintsho lwesakhiwo kwi-cellulose ethers luchaphazela ukunyibilika kwazo, isimilo serheological, kunye neempawu ezityebileyo. Iqondo lokuthatha indawo (DS), elibhekiselele kumndilili yenani lamaqela e-hydroxyl endaweni nganye kwiyunithi ye-anhydroglucose, idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekumiseleni iimpawu ze-cellulose ethers. I-DS ephezulu ihambelana ngokubanzi nokunyibilika okwandisiweyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuqina.

2.IiMechanisms ze-Thickening Effect

Isiphumo sokuqina esibonakaliswa yi-cellulose ethers sivela ekusebenzisaneni kwabo kunye neemolekyuli zamanzi. Xa isasazwe emanzini, i-cellulose ethers ingena kwi-hydration, apho iimolekyuli zamanzi zenza i-hydrogen bond kunye ne-ether ye-oxygen athom kunye namaqela e-hydroxyl yamakhonkco e-polymer. Le nkqubo ye-hydration ikhokelela ekudumbeni kwe-cellulose ether particles kunye nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sothungelwano esine-dimensional emithathu ngaphakathi kwendawo emanzi.

Ukufakwa kwamakhonkco e-hydrated cellulose ether kunye nokwakhiwa kweebhondi ze-hydrogen phakathi kweemolekyuli ze-polymer zinegalelo ekuphuculeni i-viscosity. Ukongeza, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-electrostatic phakathi kwamaqela e-ether ahlawuliswa kakubi ngakumbi kunceda ekukhuleni ngokuthintela ukupakishwa ngokusondeleyo kwamatyathanga epolymer kunye nokukhuthaza ukusasazwa kwisinyibilikisi.

Ukuziphatha kwe-rheological yezisombululo ze-cellulose ether kuphenjelelwa zizinto ezinje ngoxinaniso lwepolymer, iqondo lokuthatha indawo, ubunzima bemolekyuli, kunye nobushushu. Kwiindawo eziphantsi, izisombululo ze-ether ze-cellulose zibonisa ukuziphatha kwe-Newtonian, ngelixa kwiindawo eziphezulu, zibonisa ukuziphatha kwe-pseudoplastic okanye i-shear-thinning ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwe-polymer entanglement phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-shear.

3.Iintlobo zeCellulose Ethers
Iellulosi ethers ibandakanya uluhlu olwahlukeneyo lwezinto eziphuma kuyo, nganye ibonelela ngeempawu ezithile zokujiya ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye iintlobo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ze-cellulose ethers ziquka:

I-Methyl Cellulose (MC): I-Methyl cellulose ifunyenwe nge-etherification ye-cellulose kunye namaqela e-methyl. Iyanyibilika kumanzi abandayo kwaye yenza izisombululo ezicacileyo, ezibonakalayo. I-MC ibonisa iipropati ezigqwesileyo zokugcina amanzi kwaye idla ngokusetyenziswa njenge-thickener kwizinto zokwakha, iingubo, kunye neemveliso zokutya.

I-Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC): I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose yi-synthesi

zed ngokuzisa amaqela e-hydroxyethyl kwi-cellulose backbone. Iyanyibilika kumanzi abandayo kunye nashushu kwaye ibonisa ukuziphatha kwe-pseudoplastic. I-HEC isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuqulunqeni amayeza, iimveliso zokhathalelo lomntu, kunye ne-thickener kwiipende ze-latex.

I-Hydroxypropyl Cellulose (HPC): I-Hydroxypropyl cellulose ilungiswe nge-etherification ye-cellulose kunye namaqela e-hydroxypropyl. Inyibilika kuluhlu olubanzi lwezinyibilikisi, kubandakanywa amanzi, utywala, kunye nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo. I-HPC idla ngokusetyenziswa njenge-thickener, binder, kunye ne-ejenti yokwenza ifilim kumayeza, izinto zokuthambisa, kunye neengubo.

I-Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC): I-Carboxymethyl cellulose iveliswa yi-carboxymethylation ye-cellulose kunye ne-chloroacetic acid okanye ityuwa yayo ye-sodium. Inyibilika kakhulu emanzini kwaye yenza izisombululo ze-viscous ezinokuziphatha okuhle kakhulu kwe-pseudoplastic. I-CMC ifumana izicelo ezibanzi kwiimveliso zokutya, amayeza, amalaphu, kunye nokuveliswa kwephepha.

Ezi cellulose ethers zibonisa iipropathi zokujiya ezahlukileyo, iimpawu zokunyibilika, kunye nokuhambelana nezinye izithako, zizenza zilungele usetyenziso olwahlukeneyo kuwo wonke amashishini.

4.Izicelo zeCellulose Ethers
Iipropathi eziguquguqukayo zokujiya ze-cellulose ethers zizenza zibe yimfuneko kusetyenziso lwemizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo. Eminye yemisebenzi ephambili ye-cellulose ethers ibandakanya:

Izinto zokwakha: I-cellulose ethers isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengezongezo kwizinto ezisekelwe kwi-samente ezifana nodaka, i-grout, kunye ne-plaster ukuphucula ukusebenza, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokubambelela. Basebenza njenge-rheology modifiers, ukukhusela ulwahlulo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kweemveliso zokwakha.

Amachiza: I-Cellulose ethers ifumana ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kwimixube yamachiza njengezibophelelo, ii-disintegrants, kunye nee-agent ezityebisayo kwiipilisi, ii-capsules, i-suspensions, kunye nezisombululo ze-ophthalmic. Baphucula iimpawu zokuhamba kweepowder, baququzelele ukunyanzeliswa kwethebhulethi, kunye nokulawula ukukhutshwa kwezithako ezisebenzayo.

Iimveliso zokutya: I-ethers ye-cellulose isetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo njenge-thickening, i-stabilizing, kunye ne-gelling agents kwiimveliso ezininzi zokutya, kuquka i-sauces, i-dressings, i-dessert, kunye neemveliso zobisi. Baphucula ukuthungwa, i-viscosity, kunye ne-mouthfeel ngelixa bephucula ukuzinza kweshelufu kunye nokuthintela i-syneresis.

Izithambiso kunye noNonophelo lobuqu: I-cellulose ethers isetyenziswa kwizinto zokuthambisa kunye neemveliso zokhathalelo lomntu ezifana neekhrimu, izinto zokuthambisa, iishampu, kunye nentlama yamazinyo njengezinto ezityebisayo, izinto zokuthambisa, kunye neearhente zokwenza ifilim. Banika iimpawu ezinqwenelekayo ze-rheological, ziphucula uzinzo lwemveliso, kwaye zibonelela ngokugudileyo, ukuthungwa okutofotofo.

Iipeyinti kunye neeNqaku:I-cellulose etherszisebenza njenge-rheology modifiers kwiipeyinti, iingubo, kunye ne-adhesives, ukuphucula ulawulo lwe-viscosity, ukuxhathisa kwe-sag, kunye nokwakhiwa kwefilimu. Banegalelo kuzinzo lwemixube, banqande ukuhlala kwe-pigment, kwaye baphucule iimpawu zesicelo.

Isiphumo sokutyeba se-cellulose ethers sidlala indima ebalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zamashishini kunye nokwakhiwa kweemveliso. Iipropati zabo ezizodwa zerheological, ukuhambelana nezinye izithako, kunye nokubola kwe-biodegradability kubenza ukhetho olukhethwayo lwabavelisi kuwo wonke amacandelo ahlukeneyo. Njengoko amashishini eqhubeka nokubeka phambili uzinzo kunye nezisombululo ezilungele i-eco-friendly, imfuno ye-cellulose ethers kulindeleke ukuba inyuke ngakumbi.