Kutheni i-cellulose ibizwa ngokuba yipolymer?

I-cellulose, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba yeyona nto ininzi yezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni, i-molecule enomdla kunye neyinkimbinkimbi enempembelelo enzulu kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi, ukusuka kwisakhiwo sezityalo ukuya ekwenziweni kwephepha kunye nempahla.

Ukuqonda ukuba kutheniiselulosiihlelwa njengepolymer, kunyanzelekile ukuba iphengulule kukwakheka kwemolekyuli, iipropathi zesakhiwo, kunye nokuziphatha ekubonisayo kuwo omabini amanqanaba amakhulu kunye nemicroscopic. Ngokuphonononga le miba ngokubanzi, sinokucacisa uhlobo lwepolymer yeselulosi.

Iziseko zePolymer Chemistry:
Inzululwazi yePolymer lisebe lekhemistri elijongene nophononongo lweemacromolecules, eziziamolekyuli ezinkulu ezidityaniswe ziiyunithi eziphindaphindayo zesakhiwo ezaziwa ngokuba ziimonomers. Inkqubo yepolymerization ibandakanya ukudityaniswa kwezi monomers ngokusebenzisa iibhondi ezidibeneyo, ukwenza amatyathanga amade okanye uthungelwano.

Ulwakhiwo lweMolekyuli yeSelulosi:
I-Cellulose ngokuyinhloko yenziwe nge-carbon, i-hydrogen, kunye ne-athomu ye-oksijini, ehlelwe kwi-linear chain-like structure. Isiseko sayo sokwakha, imolekyuli yeglucose, isebenza njengeyunithi ye-monomeric ye-cellulose polymerization. Iyunithi nganye ye-glucose ngaphakathi kwekhonkco le-cellulose idityaniswe kwelandelayo nge-β(1→4) i-glycosidic linkages, apho amaqela e-hydroxyl (-OH) kwi-carbon-1 kunye ne-carbon-4 yeeyunithi ze-glucose ezikufutshane afumana ukusabela kwe-condensation ukwenza uqhagamshelwano.

Ubume bePolymeric yeSelulosi:

IiYunithi eziPhindayo: I-β(1→4) i-glycosidic linkages kwi-cellulose ibangela ukuphinda-phindwa kweeyunithi zeglucose ecaleni kwekhonkco lepolymer. Oku kuphindaphindwa kweeyunithi zesakhiwo luphawu olusisiseko lweepolima.
Ubunzima obuphezulu beMolekyuli: Iimolekyuli zeselulosi zibandakanya amawaka ukuya kwizigidi zeeyunithi zeglucose, ezikhokelela kubunzima obuphezulu bemolekyuli obuqhelekileyo bezinto zepolymer.
Ulwakhiwo lweTyayini eLude: Ulungelelwaniso olulungeleleneyo lweeyunithi zeglucose kumatyathanga eselelulosi zenza amatyathanga emolekyuli awandisiweyo, ngokufana neempawu ezifana nezakhiwo ezibonwa kwiipholima.
I-Intermolecular Interactions: Iimolekyuli ze-cellulose zibonisa i-intermolecular hydrogen bonding phakathi kwamatyathanga asondeleyo, iququzelela ukubunjwa kwe-microfibrils kunye nezakhiwo ze-macroscopic, ezifana ne-cellulose fibers.
IiPropati zoomatshini: Amandla omatshini kunye nobungqongqo beselulosi, eyimfuneko kulwakhiwo lwemfezeko yeendonga zeeseli zesityalo, kubalelwa kubume bepolima. Ezi zakhiwo zikhumbuza ezinye izinto zepolymer.
I-Biodegradability: Ngaphandle kokuqina kwayo, i-cellulose i-biodegradable, iphantsi kwe-enzymatic degradation yi-cellulases, eyenza i-hydrolyze unxibelelwano lwe-glycosidic phakathi kweeyunithi ze-glucose, ekugqibeleni yaphula i-polymer kwii-monomers zayo.

Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokubaluleka:
Ubume bepolymer yeiselulosiixhasa usetyenziso lwayo olwahlukeneyo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya iphepha kunye nentlaka, amalaphu, amayeza, kunye namandla ahlaziyekayo. Imathiriyeli esekwe kwi-cellulose ixatyiswa ngenxa yobuninzi bazo, ukuguquguquka kwezinto eziphilayo, ukuhlaziya, kunye nokuguquguquka kwezinto ezininzi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yimfuneko kuluntu lwanamhlanje.

i-cellulose ifaneleka njenge-polymer ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo se-molecular, esiquka ukuphindaphinda iiyunithi ze-glucose ezidityaniswe ngamabhondi e-β (1→ 4) e-glycosidic, okubangelwa amatyathanga amade kunye nobunzima be-molecular weight. Ubume bayo bepolymer bubonakala kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya ukubunjwa kwamatyathanga eemolekyuli awandisiweyo, ukusebenzisana kwe-intermolecular, iipropathi zoomatshini, kunye ne-biodegradability. Ukuqonda i-cellulose njengepolymer kubaluleke kakhulu ekusebenziseni usetyenziso lwayo oluninzi kunye nokusebenzisa amandla ayo kubuchwephesha obuzinzileyo kunye nezixhobo.