Izinamathiselo zemvelo ziyizinto ezinamathelayo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu empilweni yethu. Ngokwemithombo ehlukene, ingahlukaniswa ibe iglue yezilwane, iglue yemifino kanye neglue yamaminerali. Ingcina yezilwane ihlanganisa ingcina yesikhumba, iglue yamathambo, i-shellac, i-casein glue, i-albumin glue, iglue esinyeni sezinhlanzi, njll.; iglue yemifino ihlanganisa isitashi, i-dextrin, i-rosin, i-gum arabic, irabha yemvelo, njll.; i-mineral glue ihlanganisa i-mineral wax, i-asphalt Linda. Ngenxa yemithombo yayo eningi, intengo ephansi kanye nobuthi obuphansi, isetshenziswa kakhulu kufenisha, ukuhlanganisa izincwadi, ukupakisha nokucubungula imisebenzi yezandla.
ingcina yesitashi
Ngemuva kokuthi i-adhesive isitashi ingene ekhulwini lama-21, ukusebenza kahle kwemvelo kwezinto kuzoba isici esiyinhloko sezinto ezintsha. Isitashi siwumthombo wemvelo ovuselelekayo ongenabuthi, ongenabungozi, ongabizi kakhulu, ongaboli kahle futhi ovumela imvelo. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene. Ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yamuva nje, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza izimboni ezinamathelayo emhlabeni wonke buthuthuka ngendlela yokonga amandla, izindleko eziphansi, akukho monakalo, i-viscosity ephezulu futhi ayikho i-solvent.
Njengohlobo lomkhiqizo oluhlaza wokuvikela imvelo, ukunamathela kwesitashi kudonse ukunakwa okubanzi nokunakwa okukhulu embonini yokunamathisela. Mayelana nokusetshenziswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinamatheliso zesitashi, ithemba lezinamatheliso zesitashi ezifakwe i-oxidized isitashi lommbila liyathembisa, futhi ucwaningo nokusetshenziswa yikona kakhulu.
Muva nje, isitashi njengesinamatheliso sisetshenziswa kakhulu emikhiqizweni yephepha nephepha, njengokuvalwa kwebhokisi nebhokisi, ukulebula, ukunamathiswa kwendiza, izimvilophu ezinamathelayo, isikhwama sephepha esinezingqimba eziningi, njll.
Izinamatheliso eziningi ezijwayelekile zesitashi zethulwa ngezansi:
Ingcina yesitashi ene-oxidized
I-gelatinizer elungiselelwe kusuka engxube yesitashi esishintshiwe enezinga eliphansi le-polymerization eliqukethe iqembu le-aldehyde neqembu le-carboxyl namanzi ngaphansi kwesenzo se-oxidant ngokushisa noma i-gelatinizing ekamelweni lokushisa i-adhesive egcwele isitashi. Ngemuva kokuthi isitashi senziwe nge-oxidized, isitashi esine-oxidized ne-solubility yamanzi, ukumanzisa nokunamathela kuyakhiwa.
Inani le-oxidant lincane, izinga le-oxidation alanele, inani eliphelele lamaqembu amasha asebenzayo akhiqizwa isitashi liyancipha, i-viscosity ye-adhesive iyanda, i-viscosity yokuqala iyancipha, i-fluidity impofu. Inethonya elikhulu ku-acidity, obala kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxyl ye-adhesive.
Ngokunwetshwa kwesikhathi sokuphendula, izinga le-oxidation liyakhula, okuqukethwe kweqembu le-carboxyl kuyanda, futhi i-viscosity yomkhiqizo iyancipha kancane kancane, kodwa ukucaca kuya kuba ngcono futhi kuba ngcono.
I-Esterified isitashi enamathelayo
Izinamatheliso zesitashi eziqinisekisiwe ziyizinto ezinamathelayo zesitashi ezingaboli, ezinikeza isitashi ngamaqembu amasha asebenzayo ngokusabela kwe-esterification phakathi kwamaqembu e-hydroxyl yama-molecule esitashi nezinye izinto, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwezinamatheliso zesitashi. Ngenxa yokuxhuma okuyingxenye kwe-starch esterified, ngakho-ke i-viscosity iyanda, ukuzinza kwesitoreji kungcono, izakhiwo zomswakama kanye ne-anti-virus ziyathuthukiswa, futhi isendlalelo sokunamathisela singamelana nesenzo esiphezulu nesiphansi futhi esinye.
I-adhesive isitashi ehlanganisiwe
Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesitashi kuwukusebenzisa izindlela ezingokomzimba nezamakhemikhali ukwenza isitashi samangqamuzana akhiqiza ama-radicals mahhala, futhi lapho ehlangana nama-polymer monomers, kwakheka ukusabela kweketango. Iketango eseceleni elakhiwe ama-polymer monomers likhiqizwa ochungechungeni oluyinhloko lwesitashi.
Ngokusebenzisa isici sokuthi ama-molecule e-polyethylene nama-starch molecule anamaqembu e-hydroxyl, izibopho ze-hydrogen zingakhiwa phakathi kwama-molecule e-polyvinyl utshwala nesitashi, adlala indima "yokuxhunyelelwa" phakathi kwama-molecule e-polyvinyl utshwala nama-starch, ukuze ingcina yesitashi ibe nokuningi. Ukunamathela okuhle, uketshezi kanye nezakhiwo zokulwa nokuqandisa.
Ngenxa yokuthi ingcina yesitashi iyingcina ye-polymer yemvelo, inenani eliphansi, ayinabo ubuthi futhi ayinambitheki, futhi ayinakho ukungcola emvelweni, ngakho iye yacwaningwa kabanzi futhi yasetshenziswa. Muva nje, izinto zokunamathisela isitashi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ephepheni, ezindwangu zikakotini, ezimvilophini, kumalebula namakhadibhodi kathayela.
I-Cellulose Adhesive
Izinto eziphuma ku-cellulose ether ezisetshenziswa njengezinamathiselo ikakhulukazi zihlanganisa i-methyl cellulose, i-ethyl cellulose, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl cellulose kanye nenye i-ethyl cellulose (EC): iyi-A thermoplastic, engancibiliki emanzini, i-nonionic cellulose alkyl ether.
Inokuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana okuqinile kwe-alkali, ukufakwa kukagesi okuhle kakhulu kanye ne-rheology yemishini, futhi inezici zokugcina amandla nokuguquguquka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu naphansi. Ihambisana kalula ne-wax, i-resin, i-plasticizer, njll, njengephepha, irabha, isikhumba, Izinamathiselo zezindwangu.
I-Methyl cellulose (CMC): ionic cellulose ether. Embonini yendwangu, i-CMC ivamise ukusetshenziselwa ukufaka isitashi sekhwalithi ephezulu njenge-ejenti yokulinganisa izindwangu. Izindwangu eziboshwe nge-CMC zingakhuphula ukuthamba futhi zithuthukise kakhulu izakhiwo zokuphrinta nokudaya. 'Embonini yokudla, izinhlobonhlobo zama-ayisikhilimu kakhilimu anezelwa ne-CMC zinokuma okuhle, ukugqama kulula, futhi akulula ukuthambisa. Njengengcina, isetshenziselwa ukwenza izindlawu, amabhokisi ephepha, izikhwama zephepha, iphepha lodonga kanye nezinkuni zokwenziwa.
I-cellulose esterokuphuma kuyo: ikakhulukazi i-nitrocellulose ne-cellulose acetate. I-Nitrocellulose: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cellulose nitrate, okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-nitrogen ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-10% no-14% ngenxa yamazinga ahlukene e-esterification.
Okuqukethwe okuphezulu ngokuvamile kwaziwa ngokuthi ukotini womlilo, osetshenziselwe ukwakhiwa kwezibhamu ezingenantuthu kanye ne-colloidal. Okuqukethwe okuphansi ngokuvamile kwaziwa ngokuthi i-collodion. Ayincibiliki emanzini, kodwa incibilika ku-solvent exubile ye-ethyl alcohol ne-ether, futhi ikhambi i-collodion. Ngenxa yokuthi i-solvent ye-collodion iyahwamuka futhi yakhe ifilimu eqinile, ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvalwa kwamabhodlela, ukuvikela amanxeba kanye ne-plastic celluloid yokuqala emlandweni.
Uma inani elifanele le-alkyd resin lengezwa njenge-modifier futhi inani elifanele le-camphor lisetshenziswa njenge-ejenti eqinisayo, iba ingcina ye-nitrocellulose, evame ukusetshenziselwa ukubopha iphepha, indwangu, isikhumba, ingilazi, insimbi kanye ne-ceramics.
I-Cellulose acetate: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-cellulose acetate. Ebukhoneni be-sulfuric acid catalyst, i-cellulose i-acetated ngengxube ye-acetic acid ne-ethanol, bese i-acetic acid ixutshwe ukuze i-hydrolyze umkhiqizo kuzinga elifiswayo le-esterification.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-nitrocellulose, i-cellulose acetate ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izinto ezinamathelayo ezisekelwe ku-solvent ukuze zibophe imikhiqizo yepulasitiki njengezingilazi namathoyizi. Uma iqhathaniswa ne-cellulose nitrate, inokumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-viscosity kanye nokuqina, kodwa inokumelana ne-asidi ephansi, ukumelana nomswakama kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu.
amaprotheni glue
I-protein adhesive iwuhlobo lokunamathiswa kwemvelo okunezinto eziqukethe amaprotheni njengento eyinhloko eluhlaza. Izinto ezinamathelayo zingenziwa ngamaprotheni ezilwane kanye namaprotheni emifino. Ngokusho kwephrotheni esetshenzisiwe, ihlukaniswe yaba amaprotheni ezilwane (i-fen glue, i-gelatin, i-protein glue eyinkimbinkimbi, ne-albumin) kanye namaprotheni emifino (i-bean gum, njll.). Ngokuvamile zinesibopho esiphezulu lapho somile futhi zisetshenziswa ekwenzeni ifenisha kanye nokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo wokhuni. Kodwa-ke, ukumelana nokushisa kwayo kanye nokumelana namanzi akulungile, okuyizinto zokunamathisela amaprotheni ezilwane ezibaluleke kakhulu.
I-Soy protein glue: Iphrotheni yemifino ayiyona nje into ebalulekile yokudla okuluhlaza, kodwa futhi inohlu olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza emasimini okungewona ukudla. Yakhelwe ezintweni zokunamathisela amaprotheni esoya, kusukela ngo-1923, uJohnson wafaka isicelo selungelo lobunikazi lokunamathelisa amaprotheni esoya.
Ngo-1930, i-soya protein phenolic resin board adhesive (DuPont Mass Division) ayizange isetshenziswe kabanzi ngenxa yamandla okubopha abuthakathaka kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza.
Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, ngenxa yokwanda kwemakethe yokunamathela, ubumuncu bezinsiza zikawoyela emhlabeni wonke kanye nokungcoliswa kwemvelo kuye kwaheha ukunaka, okwenze imboni yokunamathisela ibhekisise izinto ezintsha ezinamathelayo zemvelo, okuholele ekutheni izinamatheliso zikabhontshisi wesoya ziphinde zibe yindawo yocwaningo.
Ingcina kabhontshisi wesoya ayinabo ubuthi, ayinambitheki, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa ayimelani kahle namanzi. Ukwengeza u-0.1%~1.0% (ubuningi) bezinto ezihlanganisayo ezifana ne-thiourea, i-carbon disulfide, i-tricarboxymethyl sulfide, njll. kungathuthukisa ukumelana namanzi, futhi kwenze izinto ezinamathelayo zokuhlanganisa izinkuni kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-plywood.
Ama-glues amaprotheni ezilwane: Amaglue ezilwane asetshenziswe kakhulu embonini yefenisha nezimboni zokucubungula izinkuni. Imikhiqizo esetshenziswa kakhulu ihlanganisa ifenisha efana nezihlalo, amatafula, amakhabethe, amamodeli, amathoyizi, izimpahla zemidlalo namadekha.
Amaglue ezilwane eziwuketshezi amasha anokuqukethwe okuqinile okungama-50-60% ahlanganisa izinhlobo ezelapha ngokushesha nezingasheshi, ezisetshenziswa ekuhlanganisweni kwamaphaneli ozimele amakhabethe e-hardboard, ukuhlanganiswa kwekhaya elingumahamba nendlwana, ama-laminate anzima, nezinye izilwane ezishibhile ezishibhile. Izikhathi zokunamathela ezincane nezimaphakathi zeglue.
Iglue yezilwane iwuhlobo oluyisisekelo lokunamathela olusetshenziswa kumatheyipu okunamathela. Lawa mateyipu angasetshenziselwa izikhwama zokuthengisa ezilula ezivamile kanye namateyipu esindayo afana nokuvala noma ukupakishwa kwefayibha eqinile namabhokisi kathayela okuthunyelwa lapho kudingeka khona ukusebenza kwemishini esheshayo namandla ebhondi ahlala isikhathi eside.
Ngalesi sikhathi, inani le-bone glue likhulu, futhi i-glue yesikhumba ivame ukusetshenziswa yodwa noma ihlanganiswe ne-bone glue. Ngokusho kwe-Coating Online, ingcina esetshenziswayo ijwayele ukwakhiwa ngokuqukethwe okuqinile okungaba ngu-50%, futhi ingaxutshwa ne-dextrin ku-10% kuya ku-20% we-glue eyomile, kanye nenani elincane le-ejenti yokumanzisa, i-plasticizer, i-gel inhibitor (uma kunesidingo).
I-Adhesive (60~63℃) ivamise ukuxutshwa nopende ephepheni elisekelayo, futhi inani lokubeka eliqinile livamise ukuba ngu-25% wesisindo sesisekelo sephepha. Itheyiphu emanzi ingomiswa ngaphansi kwengcindezi ngamarola ashisayo noma ngama-heater aqondile omoya.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kweglue yezilwane kufaka phakathi ukwenziwa kwe-sandpaper ne-gauze abrasives, ukukala nokunameka kwezindwangu nephepha, kanye nokuboshwa kwezincwadi nomagazini.
I-Tannin adhesive
I-Tannin iyinhlanganisela ephilayo equkethe amaqembu e-polyphenolic, etholakala kabanzi esiqwini, emagxolweni, ezimpandeni, emaqabungeni nasezithelo zezitshalo. Ikakhulukazi kusuka kuzinkuni ezicubungula izinsalela zamagxolo nezitshalo ezinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-tannin. I-tannin, i-formaldehyde namanzi kuxutshwe futhi kushiswe ukuze kutholakale i-tannin resin, khona-ke i-ejenti yokwelapha kanye nesigcwalisi yengezwa, futhi i-adhesive ye-tannin itholakala ngokuxubha ngokulinganayo.
I-Tannin adhesive inokumelana okuhle nokushisa nomswakama ukuguga, futhi ukusebenza kokhuni lokunamathisela kufana nokunamathela kwe-phenolic. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinkuni zokunamathisela, njll.
i-lignin adhesive
I-Lignin ingenye yezingxenye eziyinhloko zokhuni, futhi okuqukethwe kwayo kuhlanganisa cishe u-20-40% wezinkuni, okwesibili ku-cellulose. Kunzima ukukhipha i-lignin ngokuqondile okhunini, futhi umthombo oyinhloko uketshezi lwe-pulp waste, olucebe kakhulu ngezinsiza.
I-Lignin ayisetshenziswa njenge-adhesive yedwa, kodwa i-phenolic resin polymer etholwe isenzo seqembu le-phenolic le-lignin ne-formaldehyde njenge-adhesive. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana namanzi, ingasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nendandatho ye-isopropane epoxy isocyanate, i-phenol eyisiphukuphuku, i-resorcinol nezinye izinhlanganisela. Izinamathiselo ze-Lignin zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuhlanganisa i-plywood ne-particleboard. Kodwa-ke, i-viscosity yayo iphezulu futhi umbala ujulile, futhi ngemva kokuthuthukiswa, ububanzi besicelo bunganwetshwa.
Ishingamu yesi-Arabhu
I-Gum arabic, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-acacia gum, i-exudate evela esihlahleni somndeni wesikhonyane sasendle. Iqanjwe ngenxa yokukhiqiza kwayo okuningana emazweni ama-Arab. I-Gum arabic ikakhulukazi yakhiwe ama-polysaccharides esisindo samangqamuzana aphansi kanye nesisindo samangqamuzana esiphezulu se-acacia glycoprotein. Ngenxa yokuncibilika okuhle kwamanzi kwe-gum arabic, ukwakheka kulula kakhulu, akudingi ukushisa noma ama-accelerator. I-Gum Arabic yoma ngokushesha okukhulu. Ingasetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa amalensi okukhanya, izitembu zokunamathisela, ukunamathisela amalebula ophawu lwentengiso, ukuhlanganisa amaphakheji okudla nokuphrinta nokudaya izinsizi.
I-adhesive ye-inorganic
Izinamatheliso ezenziwe ngezinto ezingaphili, njengama-phosphates, ama-phosphates, ama-sulfate, usawoti we-boron, ama-oxide ensimbi, njll., abizwa ngokuthi ama-inorganic adhesives. Izici zayo:
(1) Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kungamelana no-1000 ℃ noma izinga lokushisa eliphakeme:
(2) Izakhiwo ezinhle zokunqanda ukuguga:
(3) Ukushwabana okuncane
(4) Ukuqina okukhulu. I-elastic modulus wuhlelo lwezinyawo oluphakeme kunalolo lwezinto ezinamathelayo eziphilayo:
(5) Ukumelana namanzi, ukumelana ne-asidi kanye ne-alkali kubi.
Ingabe uyazi? Izinamathiselo zinezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo ngaphandle kokunamathela.
I-Anti-corrosion: Amapayipi esitimu emikhumbi ambozwe kakhulu nge-aluminium silicate kanye ne-asbestos ukuze kuzuzwe ukushiswa kwe-thermal, kodwa ngenxa yokuvuza noma ukushintshanisa amakhaza nokushisa, amanzi e-condensate akhiqizwa, aqoqana odongeni olungaphandle lwamapayipi omusi ophansi; kanye namapayipi e-steam atholakala ekushiseni okuphezulu isikhathi eside, ama-salts ancibilikayo Indima ye-corrosion yangaphandle yodonga inzima kakhulu.
Kuze kube sekugcineni, izinamatheliso zochungechunge lwengilazi yamanzi zingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokumboza ungqimba olungezansi lwe-aluminium silicate ukwenza uqweqwe olunesakhiwo esifana ne-koqweqwe lwawo. Ekufakweni kwemishini, izingxenye zivame ukuboshelwa. Ukuchayeka emoyeni isikhathi eside kumadivayisi afakwe umshudo kungabangela ukugqwala kwemifantu. Enqubweni yomsebenzi wemishini, ngezinye izikhathi ama-bolts ayakhululwa ngenxa yokudlidliza okukhulu.
Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, izingxenye zokuxhuma zingahlanganiswa nama-adhesives we-inorganic ekufakweni komshini, bese zixhunyaniswa nama-bolts. Lokhu akukwazi nje ukudlala indima ekuqiniseni, kodwa futhi kubambe iqhaza ekulweni nokubola.
I-Biomedical: Ukwakheka kwezinto ezibonakalayo ze-hydroxyapatite bioceramic kuseduze nengxenye ye-inorganic yethambo lomuntu, i-biocompatibility enhle, ingakha isibopho esiqinile samakhemikhali nethambo, futhi iyinto efanelekile yokubuyisela izicubu eziqinile.
Kodwa-ke, i-modulus evamile ye-elastic ye-HA implants elungiselelwe iphezulu futhi amandla aphansi, futhi umsebenzi awulungile. I-Phosphate glass adhesive ikhethiwe, futhi i-HA eluhlaza powder ihlanganiswe ndawonye ekushiseni okuphansi kunokushisa kwendabuko ye-sintering ngokusebenzisa isenzo sokunamathisela, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa i-modulus elastic nokuqinisekisa umsebenzi wezinto ezibonakalayo.
I-Cohesion Technologies Ltd. imemezele ukuthi benze i-Coseal sealant engasetshenziselwa ukubopha inhliziyo futhi isisetshenziswe ngempumelelo emtholampilo. Ngokusetshenziswa okuqhathaniswayo kwamacala angu-21 okuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo eYurophu, kwatholakala ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kokuhlinzwa kwe-Coseal kunciphisa kakhulu ukunamathela kokuhlinzwa uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela. Ucwaningo lokuqala olwalandela lwabonisa ukuthi i-Coseal sealant inamandla amakhulu okuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo, izifo zabesifazane kanye nesisu.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-adhesives kwezokwelapha kwaziwa njengendawo entsha yokukhula embonini yokunamathisela. Iglue yesakhiwo esakhiwe nge-epoxy resin noma i-polyester engafakwanga.
Kubuchwepheshe bokuvikela: Imikhumbi-ngwenya eyi-Stealth ingezinye zezimpawu zokwenziwa kwesimanjemanje kwemishini yasolwandle. Indlela ebalulekile yokufihla umkhumbi-ngwenya ukubeka amathayili abamba umsindo egobolondweni likamkhumbi-ngwenya. Ithayela elimunca umsindo liwuhlobo lwerabha enezici zokumunca umsindo.
Ukuze uqaphele inhlanganisela eqinile ye-tile ye-muffler kanye ne-steel plate yodonga lwesikebhe, kuyadingeka ukuthembela ku-adhesive. Kusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezempi: ukugcinwa kwamathangi, ukuhlanganiswa kwezikebhe zamasosha, amabhomu ezindiza zamasosha, isibopho songqimba sokuvikela okushisayo kwe-missile warhead, ukulungiswa kwezinto zokufihla, ukulwa nobuphekula kanye nokulwa nobuphekula.
Ingabe kuyamangalisa? Ungabheki ingcina yethu encane, luningi ulwazi kuyo.
Izakhiwo eziyinhloko zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali we-adhesive
Isikhathi sokusebenza
Isikhathi esiphezulu sokuphumula phakathi kokuhlanganisa i-adhesive kanye nokumataniswa kwezingxenye okufanele ziboshwe
Isikhathi sokuqala sokukhulelwa
Isikhathi Samandla Akhiphekayo Sivumela Amandla Anele Okuphatha Amabhondi, okuhlanganisa Izingxenye Ezinyakazayo Ezilungiselelweni
isikhathi sokwelashwa esigcwele
Isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe izakhiwo zokugcina zemishini ngemva kokuxuba okunamathelayo
isikhathi sokugcina
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile, i-adhesive isengakwazi ukugcina izakhiwo zayo zokuphatha kanye nesikhathi sokugcina samandla acacisiwe
amandla esibopho
Ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla angaphandle, ingcindezi edingekayo ukuze kwenziwe isixhumi esibonakalayo phakathi kwe-adherend ne-adherend engxenyeni enamathelayo ibhidlike noma eduze kwayo.
Amandla okugunda
Amandla e-shear abhekisela kumandla okugunda indawo ebopha iyunithi engamelana nawo lapho ingxenye yokubopha ilimele, futhi iyunithi yayo ivezwa nge-MPa (N/mm2)
Amandla okudonsa angalingani
Umthwalo omkhulu ijoyinti elingawuthwala uma lingaphansi kwamandla angalingani okudonsa, ngoba umthwalo ugxile kakhulu emaphethelweni amabili noma unqenqema olulodwa lwesendlalelo esinamathelayo, futhi amandla alingana nobude beyunithi esikhundleni seyunithi ngayinye, kanye neyunithi. i-KN/m
Amandla Okuqina
Amandla e-tensile, aziwa nangokuthi amandla afanayo okudonsa kanye namandla okuqina okuqinile, abhekisela kumandla okuqina endaweni ngayinye yeyunithi lapho ukunamathela konakaliswa ngamandla, futhi iyunithi ivezwa nge-MPa (N/mm2).
cwecwa amandla
Amandla epeel angumthwalo omkhulu ngobubanzi beyunithi ngayinye engamelana lapho izingxenye eziboshiwe zihlukaniswa ngaphansi kwezimo ezishiwo zokucwecwa, futhi iyunithi yayo ivezwa ngo-KN/m.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-25-2024