Ama-adhesives wemvelo ajwayele ukunamathela ezimpilweni zethu. Ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukene, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-glue yezilwane, glue yemifino kanye ne-glue yamaminerali. I-Glue Animal ifaka i-glue yesikhumba, i-glue yamathambo, i-Shellac, i-Casein glue, i-albhamuin glue, i-glue yenhlanzi ye-fish, njll; I-glue yemifino ifaka isitashi, i-dextrin, i-rosin, i-gum arabic, irabha yemvelo, njll; I-Mineral glue ifaka i-wax yamaminerali, i-asphalt linda. Ngenxa yemithombo yayo eningi, intengo ephansi kanye nobuthi obuphansi, isetshenziswa kabanzi kwifenisha, ukubhukuda, ukupakisha kanye nokusebenza kwezandla.
isitashi anamathelayo
Ngemuva kokunamathela kwesitashi kungena ngekhulu lama-21, ukusebenza okuhle kwemvelo kwezinto ezibonakalayo kuzoba yisici esikhulu sezinto ezintsha. Isitashi yi-non-acnoxic, engenabungozi, ephansi, ebiza kakhulu, enobungane nemvelo evuselelekayo yemvelo. Kusetshenziswa kabanzi kwizimboni ezahlukahlukene. Ikakhulu eminyakeni yamuva nje, ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza ezinamakhambo bezimboni bukhula ngendlela yokonga amandla, izindleko eziphansi, akukho mali okulimala, i-viscosity ephezulu futhi akukho solvent.
Njengohlobo lomkhiqizo wokuvikela imvelo oluhlaza, ukunamathela kwesitashi kudonsele ukunakwa kakhulu nokunakwa kakhulu embonini yokunamathela. Ngokuya lapho uhlelo lokusebenza kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezikhangiso zesitashi kukhathazekile, ithemba lokunamathela kwesitashi anama-anifives axid ngesitashi sommbila sethembisa, futhi ucwaningo kanye nohlelo lokusebenza lukhulu kakhulu.
Muva nje, isitashi njengoba i-adhesive isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emikhiqizweni yephepha nasemaphepheni, njenge-carton kanye nokubekwa uphawu kwe-carton, ukufakwa kwamandla, ukugcwala izindiza, ukubopha izimbobo zesikhwama sephepha, njll.
Izikhangiso eziningana ezijwayelekile zesitashi zilethwa ngezansi:
Ukunamathela kwesitashi oxidized
I-gelatinizer elungiselelwe kusuka engxube yesitashi esiguquliwe esineziqu eziphansi ze-polymerization equkethe iqembu le-Aldehyde ne-carboxyl kanye namanzi ngaphansi kwesenzo se-oxidant ngokushisa i-adhesive. Ngemuva kokuthi isitashi senziwe ngesitashi esididiyelwe, esinama-oxidized nge-solibity yamanzi, ukukhuphuka nokunamathela kuyakhiwa.
Inani le-oxidant lincane, izinga le-oxidation alwanele, inani eliphelele lamaqembu amasha asebenzayo ancishiswe yi-starch ancipha, i-viscosity yokwanda kokunamathela, ubuhlakani bokuqala buyancipha. Inethonya elikhulu ku-acidity, ukucaca kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxyl kokunamathela.
Ngokwanda kwesikhathi sokuphendula, izinga le-oxidation landa, okuqukethwe kweqembu le-carboxyl kukhuphuka, futhi ukubonwa komkhiqizo kuncipha kancane kancane, kepha ukuvela obala kuyaba ngcono futhi kube ngcono.
I-Ederified Starch Adhesive
Adhesives anama-starch anama-starch angenakuchazwa, awonakalise isitashi anamaqembu amasha asebenzayo ngokusabela kokusungulwa kwamaqembu okusiza phakathi kwamaqembu esitashi anama-hydroxys ama-molecule wesitashi nezinye izinto, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise ukusebenza kwezinamathela zesitashi. Ngenxa yokuxhumeka kwesitashi okucacisiwe kwesitashi esiveziwe, ngakho-ke ukubonwa kwento kukhuphukile, ukuqina kwesitoreji kungcono, kuthuthukiswa ukuthi izakhiwo zomswakama kanye ne-anti-virus ziyathuthukiswa, futhi ungqimba lokunamathela lungamelana nesenzo esiphakeme nesiphansi nangezinye izindlela.
Ukunamathelisa kwesitashi
Ukuxhunyelelwa kwesitashi ukusebenzisa izindlela zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ukwenza i-Starch Molecular chain ikhiqize ama-radicals wamahhala, futhi lapho ihlangana nama-polymer monomers, kwakhiwa ukusabela kwe-polymer. Iketanga eliseceleni elihlanganiswe ama-polymer monomers akhiqizwa ku-Starch Main Chain.
Ukusizakala kwesici sokudla kwe-polyethylene nama-molecule wesitashi anamaqembu ama-hydroxyl, ama-hydrogen bond angakhiwa phakathi kwe-polyvinyl alcohol kanye nama-molecule wesitashi, adlala indima enolaka "phakathi kwe-starch molecule, ngakho-ke ukunamathela kwesitashi okutholakele kuningi Ukunamathelisa okuhle, ushukela kanye nezakhiwo ezilwa nokulwa.
Ngoba ukunamathela kwesitashi kungukunamathela kwemvelo okunamathela kwemvelo, kuphansi ngentengo, okungelona ubuthi futhi akunambitha, futhi akunakungcoliswa kwemvelo, ngakho-ke kucwaningwe kabanzi futhi kusetshenziswe. Muva nje, izikhangiso zesitashi zisetshenziswa ikakhulukazi ephepheni, izindwangu zekotini, izimvilophu, amalebula, nekhadibhodi ehlanganisiwe.
Adhesive
Ama-cellulose ether derivatives asetshenziswe njengoba anama-adhesives ikakhulukazi afaka i-methyl cellulose, i-ethylsosesles, i-hydroxyyethyl cellulose, i-carboxymethyl cellulose kanye nokunye i-ethrmoplastic, i-almopleose alkyl ether.
Inokuqina okuhle kwamakhemikhali, ukumelana okunamandla kwe-alkali, ukufakwa kukagesi okuhle kakhulu kanye ne-bheology yemishini, futhi inezimpawu zokugcina amandla nokuguquguquka kwamazinga okushisa aphezulu naphansi. Ihambisana kalula ne-wax, resin, ipulasitiki, njll., Njengephepha, irabha, isikhumba, izinamathiseli zezindwangu.
Methyl cellulose (cmc): Ionic Cellulose Ether. Embonini yezindwangu, i-CMC ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni isitashi esezingeni eliphakeme njenge-ejenti yezandla yezindwangu. Izindwangu zihlanganiswe ne-CMC zingangezelela ukuthamba futhi zithuthukise kakhulu izakhiwo zokuphrinta nokudaya. 'Embonini yokudla, ahlukahlukene ama-ayisikhilimu okhilimu angeziwe nge-CMC anokuqina okuhle kwesimo, kulula ukufaka umbala, futhi akukho lula ukuthambisa. Njengokunamathela, kusetshenziselwa ukwenza izingodo, amabhokisi ephepha, izikhwama zephepha, iphepha lokunamathisela odongeni kanye nokhuni lokufakelwa.
Cellulose esterOkutholwa: Kakhulu uNitrocellose kanye ne-cellulose acetate. I-NitroCellulose: Yaziwa nangokuthi yi-cellulose nitrate, okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-nitrogen ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-10% no-14% ngenxa yamazinga ahlukile wokuqamba.
Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kuvame ukwaziwa njengokotini womlilo, osetshenziselwe ukukhiqizwa kwesibhamu esingenakubhema nokubhema. Okuqukethwe okuphansi kwaziwa njenge-collodion. Kuyakhubazeka emanzini, kepha kuncibilike e-solvent exubile ye-ethyl aagy ne-ether, futhi isixazululo yi-collodion. Ngoba i-sollodion solvent iphuma futhi yakha ifilimu enzima, imvamisa isetshenziselwa ukuvalwa kwamabhodlela, ukuvikelwa kokuvikelwa kanye ne-celluloroid yokuqala epulasitiki emlandweni.
Uma inani elifanele le-Alkyd Resin lingezwa njenge-modifier nenani elifanele le-campephor lisetshenziswa njenge-ejenti elinamandla, liba nokunamathela kwe-nitrocellose, okuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukubopha amaphepha, indwangu, isikhumba, insimbi, i-ceramics.
I-Cellulose Acetate: Yaziwa nangokuthi yi-cellulose acetate. Lapho kuba khona i-sulfuric acid catalyst, i-cellulose itholwa ngenhlanganisela ye-acetic acid ne-ethanol, bese ufaka i-acetic acid eyengeziwe ku-hydrolyze umkhiqizo owukufinyelela okufunwayo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-nitrocellulose, i-cellulose acetate ingahle isetshenziselwe ukwakha izinamathiseli ezisuselwa ku-solvent ukuze kuhlanganiswe nemikhiqizo yepulasitiki efana nezibuko namathoyizi. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-cellulose nitrate, inokuphikiswa okuhle kakhulu kokuphikiswa nokuqina, kepha inokumelana kabi kwe-acid, ukumelana komswakama kanye nokumelana nesimo sezulu.
I-glue protein
I-Protein Adhesive uhlobo lokunamathela kwemvelo ngezinto eziqukethe amaprotheni njengezinto eziphambili ezingavuthiwe. Anama-adhesives angenziwa kusuka kumaprotheni wezilwane kanye namaprotheni wemifino. Ngokusho kwamaprotheni asetshenzisiwe, ahlukaniswe ngamaprotheni ezilwane (i-Fen glue, i-gelatin, i-glue yeprotheni eyinkimbinkimbi, ne-albhamun) kanye neprotheni yemifino (i-bean gum, njll.). Ngokuvamile zinokungezwani okuphezulu kwebhondi lapho zisomile futhi zisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni kwefenisha kanye nokukhiqizwa komkhiqizo wokhuni. Kodwa-ke, ukumelana kwayo nokuvikelwa kwayo nokumelana kwamanzi kumpofu, kwazo izithasiselo zezilwane zibaluleke kakhulu.
I-glue ye-soy protein: Amaprotheni wemifino akuyona nje into ebalulekile yokudla okubonakalayo, kepha futhi inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ezinkambeni ezingezona zokudla. Kuthuthukiswe ngezifiso ze-soy protein, ekuqaleni kuka-1923, uJohnson wafaka isicelo selungelo lobunikazi bama-soy protein anamathela.
Ngo-1930, i-soybean protein phenolic resin board board adhesive (DuPont Mass Division) ayisetshenziswa kabanzi ngenxa yamandla abuthakathaka abuthakathaka kanye nezindleko eziphezulu zokukhiqiza.
Emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, ngenxa yokwanda kwemakethe enamathela ezweni kanye nokungcoliswa kwezinsizakusebenza zemvelo kudonsele ukunakwa, okwenze imboni yokunamathela kabusha iphinde yanamathela ezinamathela ezingokwemvelo.
I-soybean adhesive ayiwona ubuthi, ayinambitha, kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kepha inokuphikiswa kwamanzi ampofu. Ukungeza i-0.1% ~ 1.0% (isisindo) sabahlinzeki abaxhumanisa ngokuwela njenge-thiurea, i-carbon diskulfide, i-tricarboxyylyl sulfide, futhi ikwazi ukuthuthukisa ukumelana kwamanzi, futhi ibambe izinamathiseli zokukhiqizwa kwezinkuni kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-plywood.
Izilwane ezinamaprotheni ezilwane: Izilo zezilwane zisetshenziswe kabanzi efenisha kanye nasezimbonini zokhuni. Imikhiqizo esetshenziswayo evame ukufaka ifenisha efana nezihlalo, amatafula, amakhabethe, amamodeli, amathoyizi, izimpahla zemidlalo kanye nama-deckers.
Izindilinga ezintsha zezilwane eziwuketshezi ezinokuqukethwe kwe-solids ezingama-50-60% zifaka izinhlobo ezisheshayo zokuphapha nokwelashwa okusheshayo, ezisetshenziswa esondweni lamakhabethe ezinhlamvu zamakhabethe ezinzima, umhlangano wasekhaya olula, nezinye izilwane ezingabizi kakhulu. Izikhathi ezifunwayo ezincane neziphakathi nendawo ze-glue.
I-glue yezilwane uhlobo oluyisisekelo lokunamathela okusetshenziswa kumateyiphu anamathela. Lawa mateyipu angasetshenziselwa izikhwama ezithengiswayo ezivamile zokuthengisa kanye namateyipu okopela ajwayelekile njengokubekwa uphawu noma ukupakishwa kwamabhokisi aqinile wefayibha namabhokisi aqinile wokuthumela lapho kusebenza khona imishini ephezulu kakhulu.
Ngalesi sikhathi, inani le-glue yamathambo likhulu, futhi i-glue yesikhumba ivame ukusetshenziswa yedwa noma inhlanganisela ne-glue yamathambo. Ngokusho kwe-coating online, ukusetshenziswa okunamathekuve kuvame ukwakhiwa nokuqukethwe okuqinile okungama-50%, futhi kungahlanganiswa ne-dextrin ku-10% ku-20% we-agent elomile, i-prosistizer, I-Gel inhibitor (lapho kunesidingo).
Adhesive (60 ~ 63 ℃) kuvame ukuxutshwa ngopende ephepheni elisekelayo, futhi inani lokugcina eliqinile ngokuvamile lingama-25% wesisindo sephepha. Itheyiphu emanzi ingamiswa ngaphansi kwengxabano enama-roller afudumele kamusi noma ngokushintshwa komoya okushisa ngokuqondile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izicelo zezilwane zezinhlwathi zihlanganisa ukwenziwa kwe-sandpaper kanye ne-gauze anyathelisa, ukugcotshwa kanye nokuhlangana kwezindwangu nephepha, nokubopha kwezincwadi nomagazini.
Tannin adhesive
I-Tannin iyindawo ehlanganisiwe equkethe amaqembu e-polyphenolic, akhona kakhulu esiqwini, amagxolo, izimpande, amaqabunga nezithelo zezitshalo. Kakhulu kusuka kumakhonkco amagxolo izinkuni acubungula kanye nezitshalo ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-tannin. I-tannin, i-formaldehyde namanzi axubene futhi afudumele ukuze athole i-tannin resin, khona-ke umenzeli welapha futhi i-fillesive itholakala ngokusobala.
I-Tannin Adhesive inokumelana okuhle kokuguga nokuguga komswakama, futhi ukusebenza kwezinkuni ezinamakhaza kuyafana nalokho kwe-phenolic adhesive. Isetshenziselwa kakhulu izinkuni ezinamakhandlela, njll.
I-Lignin Adhesive
ILignin ingenye yezinto eziphambili zokhuni, kanye nokuqukethwe kwayo ama-akhawunti acishe abe ngu-20- 40% wezinkuni, okwesibili kuphela ku-cellulose. Kunzima ukukhipha i-lignin ngqo ngokhuni, futhi umthombo oyinhloko udoti we-pulp imfucuza, ecebile kakhulu kwizinsizakusebenza.
I-Lignign ayisetshenziswa njenge-adhesive yedwa, kepha i-phenolic resin polymer etholwe ngesenzo seqembu le-phenolic le-lignin kanye ne-formaldehyde njenge-adhesive. Ukuze uthuthukise ukumelana kwamanzi, lungasetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa ne-Isocropy-Load-Load epoxy epoxy epocyanate, i-Phostiol Phenol, i-resorcinol nezinye izinhlanganisela. Izikhangiso ezinama-lignin zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukubopha i-plywood ne-partyleboard. Kodwa-ke, ukubonakala kwalo kuphakeme kanti umbala ujulile, nangemva kokuthuthuka, ubukhulu besicelo bungandiswa.
Gum yama-arabhu
Gum arabic, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-acacia gum, ingukuphakanyiswa esihlahleni somndeni wesikhonyane sasendle. Waqanjwa ngenxa yokukhiqizwa kwayo kwabantu abaningi emazweni ase-Arab. I-Gum Arabic ikakhulukazi yakhiwa ngama-polysaccharides aphansi ama-polysaccharides aphansi kanye nesisindo esiphakeme se-molecular afacia glycoproteins. Ngenxa ye-solubility yamanzi enhle ye-gum arabic, ukwakheka kulula kakhulu, akudingi ukushisa noma ama-accelerators. Gum arabic womisa ngokushesha okukhulu. Ingasetjenziselwa ama-monding lens optical lens, izitembu ezinamakhandlela, amalebula we-trademark uphawu, ahlanganisa ukupakisha kokudla nokuphrinta nokudaya.
Adhesive
Abalaziswe ngezinto ezingafakwanga ngezinto ezingaphakathi, ezinjenge-phosphase, ama-phosphates, ama-sulfates, usawoti we-boron, ama-metal oxides, njll., Abizwa ngokuthi anama-adhesives we-inorganic. Izici zalo:
(1) Ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu, kungamelana namazinga okushisa angu-1000 ℃ noma aphezulu:
(2) Izici ezinhle zokulwa nokuguga:
(3) ukushwabana okuncane
(4) ubucwebe obukhulu. I-modulus ye-elastic yi-oda eliphakeme eliphakeme kunaleso esinama-organic adhesives:
(5) Ukumelana namanzi, ukumelana ne-acid kanye ne-alkali kumpofu.
Ingabe uyazi? Adhesives anokunye ukusetshenziswa ngaphandle kokunamathela.
I-Anti-Corrosion: Amapayipi omkhumbi ambozwe kakhulu nge-aluminium silicate kanye ne-asbestos ukufezekisa ukufakwa okushisayo, kepha ngenxa yokuphuza okubandayo noma ukushintshana, kudalulwa emanzini angaphandle amapayipi aphansi aphansi; Futhi amapayipi e-Steam avezwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu isikhathi eside, usawoti oncibilikayo Indima yokugqwala kodonga lwangaphandle lubi kakhulu.
Kuze kube manje, adhesives we-Water Glass Series angasetshenziswa njengezinto zokwenziwa ezinhlangothini ezingezansi ze-aluminium silticase ukwakha i-coating enesakhiwo esinjenge-koqweqwe lwawo. Ekufakweni kwemishini, izakhi zivame ukufuzwa. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emoyeni ngamadivayisi abunjiwe kungadala ukugqwala kwe-crevice. Enqubweni yomsebenzi owenziwa ngomshini, kwesinye isikhathi ama-bolts ayakhululwa ngenxa yokudlidliza okukhulu.
Ukuze uxazulule le nkinga, izingxenye zokuxhuma zingahlanganiswa ngama-inorganic anamathela ekufakweni kwemishini, bese exhunywa ngama-bolts. Lokhu akukwazi ukudlala indima kuphela ekuqinisweni, kepha futhi kudlala indima ekulweni nokugqwala.
I-Biomedical: Ukwakheka kwe-bioledoreemic ye-apply hydroxyapatite kusondele kwingxenye ye-inorganic yethambo lomuntu, kunokweqa amandla amahle, kungakha isibopho esiqinile samakhemikhali ngethambo, futhi kuyinto efanelekile yezicubu ezinzima zezicubu ezinzima.
Kodwa-ke, i-modulus ejwayelekile ye-eastic yezimila ezilungiselelwe i-HA iphakeme futhi amandla aphansi, futhi umsebenzi awukahle. I-phosphate Glass Adhesive ikhethiwe, futhi i-hage ebonakalayo ebonakalayo iboshelwe ndawonye emazingeni okushisa aphansi kunendlela yokushisa yendabuko ngesenzo sokunamathela, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise i-modulus ye-elastic futhi uqinisekise umsebenzi wezinto ezibonakalayo.
Ubuchwepheshe obuhlangene be-Cohesion Ltd. kumemezele ukuthi bathuthukise i-coseal sealant engasetshenziselwa ukubopha ama-cardiac futhi isetshenziswe ngempumelelo emtholampilo. Ngokusetshenziswa kokuqhathanisa kwamacala angama-21 wokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo eYurophu, kwatholakala ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kokuhlinzwa kwe-coseal kuncishiswe kakhulu adhesions uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela. Izifundo zemitholampilo ezalandela zabonisa ukuthi i-coseal sealant inamandla amakhulu e-cardiac, ukuhlinzwa esiswini nasekuswini.
Ukusetshenziswa kwezikhangiso kwezokwelapha kwaziwa njengephuzu lokukhula elisha embonini yokunamathela. I-glue yesakhiwo eyakhiwe nge-epoxy resin noma i-polyester engafakwanga.
Kubuchwepheshe bezokuvikela Indlela ebalulekile ye-Submarine Stealth ukubeka amathayili angenamisindo egobolondweni lama-submail. Ithayela elingenamsoco liwuhlobo lwenjoloba ngezakhiwo ezithinta umsindo.
Ukuze ubone inhlanganisela eqinile yethayela le-muffler neplate yensimbi yodonga lwesikebhe, kuyadingeka ukuncika ekunamatheleni. Isetshenziswa emkhakheni wezempi: Ukulungiswa kweTank, umhlangano wesikejana samasosha, amabhomu empi yempi, umxhwele i-warhead evikelekile yokuvikelwa okushisayo, ukulungiswa kwezinto zokwakha izifihla, ukulungiswa kobushokobezi kanye nobushokobezi.
Kuyamangaza? Musa ukubheka ukunamathela kwethu okuncane, kunolwazi oluningi kulo.
Izici eziphambili zomzimba nezamakhemikhali zokunamathela
Isikhathi sokusebenza
Isilinganiso sesikhathi esiphezulu phakathi kokuxuba okunamathela nokubhangqa izingxenye okufanele ziboshwe
Isikhathi sokuqala sokwelapha
Isikhathi sokukhipha amandla sivumela amandla anele okuphatha amabhondi, kufaka phakathi izingxenye ezinyakazayo ezivela ekulungisini
Isikhathi Sokuphapha Ngokugcwele
Isikhathi esidingekayo ukufeza izakhiwo zokugcina zemishini ngemuva kokuxuba okunamathela
Isikhathi Sokulondolozwa
Ngaphansi kwemibandela ethile, okunamathelayo kungagcina ukulungiswa kwayo kwezakhiwo kanye nesikhathi sokugcina samandla acacisiwe
Amandla eBond
Ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla angaphandle, ukucindezelwa okudingekayo ukwenza interface phakathi kokunamathela kanye nokuhlelwa kwengxenye yokunamathela kuya kwehla noma eduze kwayo
Amandla E-Shear
Amandla we-Shear abhekisela kumandla we-shear ukuthi ingaphezulu le-unit bonding lingamelana lapho ingxenye ebusayo ilimele, futhi iyunithi layo livezwa ku-MPA (N / MM2)
Amandla okudonsa okungalingani
Umthwalo omkhulu ohlanganisiwe ongawuthwala lapho ungaphansi kwamandla okudonsela okungalingani, ngoba umthwalo ugxile kakhulu emaphethelweni amabili noma onqenqemeni olulodwa lwe-adhesive ungqimba endaweni ngayinye, kanye neyunithi ngu-kN / m
Amandla asheshayo
Amandla asheshayo, abizwa nangokuthi amandla afanayo wokukhipha amandla namandla ashubile, abhekisele kumandla ashubile endaweni ngayinye lapho kufakwa khona amandla e-MPA (N / MM2).
Amandla we-PEEC
Amandla we-Peel ngumthwalo omkhulu weyunithi ngeyunithi ngobubanzi obungamelana lapho izingxenye eziboshwe zihlukaniswe ngaphansi kwezimo ezicacisiwe ze-peeling, futhi iyunithi laso livezwa ku-KN / M
Isikhathi sePosi: APR-25-2024